您应该将factor1 和factor2 编码为实因子变量。此外,最好将poly 用于多项式。这是我们可以做的:
DF <- data.frame(factor1=rep(1:4,1000), factor2 = rep(1:4,each=1000),
base = rnorm(4000,0,1), dep = rnorm(4000,400,5))
DF$factor1 <- as.factor(DF$factor1)
DF$factor2 <- as.factor(DF$factor2)
fit <- lm(dep ~ factor1 * factor2 * poly(base, degree = 5))
默认情况下,poly 为数值稳定性生成正交基。如果你想要像base + base ^ 2 + base ^ 3 + ... 这样的普通多项式,请使用poly(base, degree = 5, raw = TRUE)。
请注意,您将从该模型中获得大量参数,因为您正在为factor1 和factor2 之间的每一对水平拟合一个五阶多项式。
考虑一个小例子。
set.seed(0)
f1 <- sample(gl(3, 20, labels = letters[1:3])) ## randomized balanced factor
f2 <- sample(gl(3, 20, labels = LETTERS[1:3])) ## randomized balanced factor
x <- runif(3 * 20) ## numerical covariate
y <- rnorm(3 * 20) ## toy response
fit <- lm(y ~ f1 * f2 * poly(x, 2))
#Call:
#lm(formula = y ~ f1 * f2 * poly(x, 2))
#
#Coefficients:
# (Intercept) f1b f1c
# -0.5387 0.8776 0.1572
# f2B f2C poly(x, 2)1
# 0.5113 1.0139 5.8345
# poly(x, 2)2 f1b:f2B f1c:f2B
# 2.4373 1.0666 0.1372
# f1b:f2C f1c:f2C f1b:poly(x, 2)1
# -1.4951 -1.4601 -6.2338
# f1c:poly(x, 2)1 f1b:poly(x, 2)2 f1c:poly(x, 2)2
# -11.0760 -2.3668 1.9708
# f2B:poly(x, 2)1 f2C:poly(x, 2)1 f2B:poly(x, 2)2
# -3.7127 -5.8253 5.6227
# f2C:poly(x, 2)2 f1b:f2B:poly(x, 2)1 f1c:f2B:poly(x, 2)1
# -7.3582 20.9179 11.6270
#f1b:f2C:poly(x, 2)1 f1c:f2C:poly(x, 2)1 f1b:f2B:poly(x, 2)2
# 1.2897 11.2041 12.8096
#f1c:f2B:poly(x, 2)2 f1b:f2C:poly(x, 2)2 f1c:f2C:poly(x, 2)2
# -9.8476 10.6664 4.5582
请注意,即使对于每个 3 个因子水平和一个 3 阶多项式,我们也已经得到了大量的系数。