NewConnectionError 安装 scipy

Question

Python 版本：3.5.6
平台：Xilinx Ultrascale+

我正在尝试在我拥有的嵌入式 Linux 设备上安装 scipy。我已经使用以下命令成功安装了 numpy、matplotlib 和 urllib3。

python3 -m pip install matplotlib --user --proxy <company proxy> --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org

但是当我尝试安装 scipy 时，我得到以下信息：

Collecting scipy
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/04/ab/e2eb3e3f90b9363040a3d885ccc5c79fe20c5b8a3caa8fe3bf47ff653260/scipy-1.4.1.tar.gz (24.6MB)
    100% |################################| 24.6MB 18.5MB/s
  Installing build dependencies ... error
  Complete output from command /usr/bin/python3 -m pip install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix /tmp/pip-build-env-1anmecmf --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org -- wheel setuptools Cython>=0.29.13 "numpy==1.13.3; python_version=='3.5' and platform_system!='AIX'" "numpy==1.13.3; python_version=='3.6' and platform_system!='AIX'" "numpy==1.14.5; python_version=='3.7' and platform_system!='AIX'" "numpy==1.17.3; python_version>='3.8' and platform_system!='AIX'" "numpy==1.16.0; python_version=='3.5' and platform_system=='AIX'" "numpy==1.16.0; python_version=='3.6' and platform_system=='AIX'" "numpy==1.16.0; python_version=='3.7' and platform_system=='AIX'" "numpy==1.17.3; python_version>='3.8' and platform_system=='AIX'" pybind11>=2.4.0:
  Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.6" and platform_system != "AIX"' don't match your environment
  Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.7" and platform_system != "AIX"' don't match your environment
  Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version >= "3.8" and platform_system != "AIX"' don't match your environment
  Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.5" and platform_system == "AIX"' don't match your environment
  Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.6" and platform_system == "AIX"' don't match your environment
  Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version == "3.7" and platform_system == "AIX"' don't match your environment
  Ignoring numpy: markers 'python_version >= "3.8" and platform_system == "AIX"' don't match your environment
  Collecting wheel
    Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7f9e76c160>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 101] Network is unreachable',)': /simple/wheel/
    Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7f9e76c550>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 101] Network is unreachable',)': /simple/wheel/
    Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7f9e76c8d0>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 101] Network is unreachable',)': /simple/wheel/
    Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7f9e76c278>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 101] Network is unreachable',)': /simple/wheel/
    Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7f9e76c4e0>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 101] Network is unreachable',)': /simple/wheel/
    Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement wheel (from versions: )
  No matching distribution found for wheel

  ----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python3 -m pip install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix /tmp/pip-build-env-1anmecmf --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org -- wheel setuptools Cython>=0.29.13 "numpy==1.13.3; python_version=='3.5' and platform_system!='AIX'" "numpy==1.13.3; python_version=='3.6' and platform_system!='AIX'" "numpy==1.14.5; python_version=='3.7' and platform_system!='AIX'" "numpy==1.17.3; python_version>='3.8' and platform_system!='AIX'" "numpy==1.16.0; python_version=='3.5' and platform_system=='AIX'" "numpy==1.16.0; python_version=='3.6' and platform_system=='AIX'" "numpy==1.16.0; python_version=='3.7' and platform_system=='AIX'" "numpy==1.17.3; python_version>='3.8' and platform_system=='AIX'" pybind11>=2.4.0" failed with error code 1 in None

我正在尝试找出导致“NewConnectionError”错误的原因。我认为它正在尝试从不在 --trusted-host 列表中的站点下载更多文件。这是正确的，如果是，它试图访问哪个站点？

Answer 1

我想我找到了问题的根源，但似乎没有一个简单的解决方案。

当您通过 setup.py 浏览 scipy-1.4.1.tar.gz 时，您会看到它将指向 GitHub 的下载 URL 传递到 numpy.distutils.core.setup。我认为安装例程正在尝试查看 GitHub 上是否有轮子。请注意，连接错误发生在它说“收集轮”之后。除非它使用公司代理，否则它永远无法访问 GitHub。但我看不到将代理地址从 pip 传递到 scipy 安装代码的方法。所以一切都停止了。

基本上，除非 pypi.org 上存在轮子，但在我的情况下（ARM 上的 linux）不存在轮子，那么我似乎不走运。从头开始编译我自己的轮子似乎是唯一的选择。

Answer 2

在与 SciPy 维护人员讨论后，我找到了问题的正确根源。

问题的根源在于试图下载的东西没有通过原始pip 命令中指定的公司代理。起初我以为这是在 SciPy setup.py 脚本中。当我标记该问题并说问题出在 pip 时，SciPy 维护人员予以回击。事实证明他们是对的。我会在这里引用它们：

rgommers：

发生的事情是 pip 看到 SciPy 有一个 pyproject.toml 文件 其中包含构建依赖项，然后它会尝试下载。所以 要么这是一个不尊重代理的 pip 错误（看起来很可能在这里）， 或者它在您的代理配置中。它没有发生在我们的 setup.py 文件。

pip 尝试下载的依赖项是“wheel”。在上面的例子中甚至是这样说的：

Collecting wheel

但是用那个包名我不知道发生了什么。我认为这意味着它试图从另一个位置下载一个 SciPy 轮子。

我能够通过单独安装轮子来解决我的问题：

python3 -m pip install wheel --user --proxy <company proxy> --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org

然后安装 SciPy。

我的 pip 版本是 18.0。不知道最新有没有修复。