【发布时间】：2021-06-08 17:47:07
【问题描述】：
我正在尝试使用 keras 编写神经网络。 以下是我导入库和模块的方式：
import keras
import os
import numpy as np
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Activation
from keras.layers.core import Dense
from keras.optimizers import Adam
from keras.metrics import categorical_crossentropy
from keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
from keras.layers.normalization import BatchNormalization
from keras.layers.convolutional import Conv2D
我希望它输出输入的继任者。例如，如果我输入 5，它应该输出 6。 我为神经网络创建了一个具有这种格式的训练数据集：
data = [2, 5, 12, 300, 123, 52, 8, 64, 112, 6452746, 12638, 799378, 69967, 654, 89, 61, 24, 60, 40, 20385, 999, 764, 7, 357436786]
labels = list(item+1 for item in data)
scaled_train_samples = np.array(data)
train_labels = np.array(labels)
我尝试根据一些数据来测试我的模型。我想在训练后输入 94，希望它能输出接近 95 的东西。
所以我写了以下内容：
scaled_test_samples = np.array([94])
然后，我在某处读到要修复我的错误，我需要添加这行代码，所以我在这里添加：
os.environ['TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL'] = '2'
它没有解决我的错误，但我也懒得去删除它。
接下来，我使用以下代码定义我的模型：
model = Sequential([
Dense(units=16, input_shape=(1,), activation='relu'),
Dense(units=32, activation='relu'),
Dense(units=2, activation='sigmoid')
])
我已经定义了一个基本的 3 层神经网络。接下来，我用下面的代码编译它：
model.compile(
optimizer=Adam(learning_rate=0.0001),
loss='sparse_categorical_crossentropy',
metrics=['accuracy']
)
一旦我准备好定义和编译的 keras 神经网络，在预测或测试它之前，我会拟合模型。 我使用以下代码：
model.fit(
x=scaled_train_samples,
y=train_labels,
batch_size=2,
epochs=11,
shuffle=True,
verbose=2
)
现在，我终于完成了我的神经网络。我现在尝试预测和测试 94 是否输出 95：
predictions = model.predict(
x=scaled_test_samples,
batch_size=10,
verbose=1
)
当然，我打印我的预测：
print(predictions)
以下是一些基本信息，如果有帮助的话：
操作系统：Windows 10 显卡：没有 IDE：Visual Studio 代码 解释器：Python 3.8.8 64 位
我尝试在 linux 上运行它，并在 repl.it 上运行过一次，但它仍然会产生错误。下面是输出。
首先，它显示了一些奇怪的错误，但我忽略了它，因为我没有使用 GPU：
2021-03-08 14:08:11.945167: W tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:60] Could not load dynamic library 'cudart64_110.dll'; dlerror: cudart64_110.dll not found
2021-03-08 14:08:11.945684: I tensorflow/stream_executor/cuda/cudart_stub.cc:29] Ignore above cudart dlerror if you do not have a GPU set up on your machine.
然后是真正的错误。错误似乎来自训练过程，因为错误在训练输出“epoch 1/11”开始后立即开始。
2021-03-08 14:08:15.192424: I tensorflow/compiler/jit/xla_cpu_device.cc:41] Not creating XLA devices, tf_xla_enable_xla_devices not set
2021-03-08 14:08:15.193919: W tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:60] Could not load dynamic library 'nvcuda.dll'; dlerror: nvcuda.dll not found
2021-03-08 14:08:15.194352: W tensorflow/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_driver.cc:326] failed call to cuInit: UNKNOWN ERROR (303)
2021-03-08 14:08:15.199531: I tensorflow/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_diagnostics.cc:169] retrieving CUDA diagnostic information for host: LAPTOP-78M3QUGV
2021-03-08 14:08:15.200385: I tensorflow/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_diagnostics.cc:176] hostname: LAPTOP-78M3QUGV
2021-03-08 14:08:15.201202: I tensorflow/core/platform/cpu_feature_guard.cc:142] This TensorFlow binary is optimized with oneAPI Deep Neural Network Library (oneDNN) to use the following CPU instructions in performance-critical operations: AVX2
To enable them in other operations, rebuild TensorFlow with the appropriate compiler flags.
2021-03-08 14:08:15.202400: I tensorflow/compiler/jit/xla_gpu_device.cc:99] Not creating XLA devices, tf_xla_enable_xla_devices not set
2021-03-08 14:08:15.285471: I tensorflow/compiler/mlir/mlir_graph_optimization_pass.cc:116] None of the MLIR optimization passes are enabled (registered 2)
Epoch 1/11
2021-03-08 14:08:15.636802: W tensorflow/core/framework/op_kernel.cc:1763] OP_REQUIRES failed at sparse_xent_op.cc:90 : Invalid argument: Received a label value of 357436800 which is outside the valid range of [0, 2). Label values: 357436800 13
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "c:/Users/Maanav/Desktop/New folder/add.py", line 31, in <module>
model.fit(
File "C:\Users\Maanav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\keras\engine\training.py", line 1100, in fit
tmp_logs = self.train_function(iterator)
File "C:\Users\Maanav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\eager\def_function.py", line 828, in __call__
result = self._call(*args, **kwds)
File "C:\Users\Maanav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\eager\def_function.py", line 888, in _call
return self._stateless_fn(*args, **kwds)
File "C:\Users\Maanav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\eager\function.py", line 2942, in __call__
return graph_function._call_flat(
File "C:\Users\Maanav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\eager\function.py", line 1918, in _call_flat
return self._build_call_outputs(self._inference_function.call(
File "C:\Users\Maanav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\eager\function.py", line 555, in call
outputs = execute.execute(
File "C:\Users\Maanav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\eager\execute.py", line 59,
in quick_execute
tensors = pywrap_tfe.TFE_Py_Execute(ctx._handle, device_name, op_name,
tensorflow.python.framework.errors_impl.InvalidArgumentError: Received a label value of 357436800 which is outside the valid range of [0, 2). Label values: 357436800 13
[[node sparse_categorical_crossentropy/SparseSoftmaxCrossEntropyWithLogits/SparseSoftmaxCrossEntropyWithLogits (defined at c:/Users/Maanav/Desktop/New folder/add.py:31) ]] [Op:__inference_train_function_614]
Function call stack:
train_function
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【问题讨论】：
标签： python python-3.x tensorflow machine-learning keras