带颤振的导航轨道

Question

材料设计指南包括一个名为 Navigation rail 的组件。

如何使用颤振创建导航栏？

Answer 1

NavigationRail

• 一种材质小部件，旨在显示在应用的左侧或右侧，以便在少量视图之间导航，通常在三到五个之间。

示例代码

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() => runApp(MyApp());

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  static const String _title = 'Flutter Code Sample';

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: _title,
      debugShowCheckedModeBanner: false,
      home: HomeWidget(),
    );
  }
}

class HomeWidget extends StatefulWidget {
  HomeWidget({Key key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  _HomeWidgetState createState() => _HomeWidgetState();
}

class _HomeWidgetState extends State<HomeWidget> {
  int _selectedIndex = 0;
  bool showNavigationBar = false;

  var list = [
    HomePage(),
    WalkPage(),
    LocationPage(),
    NotificationPage(),
    SettingsPage(),
    SearchPage()
  ];

  var title = [
    "HomePage",
    'WalkPage',
    'LocationPage',
    'NotificationPage',
    'SettingsPage',
    'SearchPage'
  ];

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text(title[_selectedIndex]),
        centerTitle: false,
        leading: IconButton(
            icon: Icon(
              Icons.menu,
              color: Colors.white,
            ),
            onPressed: () {
              setState(() {
                showNavigationBar = !showNavigationBar;
              });
            }),
      ),
      body: Container(
        child: SafeArea(
            child: Stack(
          children: <Widget>[
            list[_selectedIndex],
            Positioned(
              top: 0,
              left: 0,
              child: Visibility(
                visible: showNavigationBar,
                child: Container(
                  height: MediaQuery.of(context).size.height,
                  child: NavigationRail(
                    selectedIndex: _selectedIndex,
                    elevation: 10,
                    backgroundColor: Colors.white,
                    leading: Container(
                      child: Center(child: Text('leading')),
                    ),
                    trailing: Container(
                      child: Center(child: Text('trailing')),
                    ),
                    selectedIconTheme: IconThemeData(color: Colors.purple, size: 30),
                    unselectedIconTheme: IconThemeData(color: Colors.grey, size: 20),
                    selectedLabelTextStyle:
                        TextStyle(color: Colors.purple, fontWeight: FontWeight.bold),
                    unselectedLabelTextStyle:
                        TextStyle(color: Colors.grey, fontWeight: FontWeight.normal),
                    onDestinationSelected: (int index) {
                      setState(() {
                        _selectedIndex = index;
                        showNavigationBar = !showNavigationBar;
                      });
                    },
                    labelType: NavigationRailLabelType.none,
                    destinations: [
                      NavigationRailDestination(
                        icon: Icon(Icons.home),
                        selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.home),
                        label: Text('Home'),
                      ),
                      NavigationRailDestination(
                        icon: Icon(Icons.directions_walk),
                        selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.directions_walk),
                        label: Text('Walk'),
                      ),
                      NavigationRailDestination(
                        icon: Icon(Icons.location_on),
                        selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.location_on),
                        label: Text('Location'),
                      ),
                      NavigationRailDestination(
                        icon: Icon(Icons.notifications),
                        selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.notifications),
                        label: Text('Notifications'),
                      ),
                      NavigationRailDestination(
                        icon: Icon(Icons.settings),
                        selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.settings),
                        label: Text('Settings'),
                      ),
                      NavigationRailDestination(
                        icon: Icon(Icons.search),
                        selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.search),
                        label: Text('Search'),
                      ),
                    ],
                  ),
                ),
              ),
            ),
          ],
        )),
      ),
    );
  }
}

class HomePage extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Container(
      color: Colors.red,
      child: Center(
          child: Text('Home Page',
              style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white, fontWeight: FontWeight.bold, fontSize: 20.0))),
    );
  }
}

class WalkPage extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Container(
      color: Colors.blue,
      child: Center(
          child: Text('Walk Page',
              style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white, fontWeight: FontWeight.bold, fontSize: 20.0))),
    );
  }
}

class LocationPage extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Container(
      color: Colors.orange,
      child: Center(
          child: Text('Location Page',
              style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white, fontWeight: FontWeight.bold, fontSize: 20.0))),
    );
  }
}

class NotificationPage extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Container(
      color: Colors.green,
      child: Center(
          child: Text('Notification Page',
              style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white, fontWeight: FontWeight.bold, fontSize: 20.0))),
    );
  }
}

class SettingsPage extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Container(
      color: Colors.amber,
      child: Center(
          child: Text('Settings Page',
              style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white, fontWeight: FontWeight.bold, fontSize: 20.0))),
    );
  }
}

class SearchPage extends StatelessWidget {
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Container(
      color: Colors.teal,
      child: Center(
          child: Text('Search Page',
              style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white, fontWeight: FontWeight.bold, fontSize: 20.0))),
    );
  }
}

让我们了解它的一些重要属性

selectedIndex - 当前选定 NavigationRailDestination 的目的地索引。

selectedIconTheme - 所选目的地中图标的视觉属性。

unselectedIconTheme - 未选择目的地中图标的视觉属性。

selectedLabelTextStyle - 选择目的地标签时的 TextStyle。

unselectedLabelTextStyle - 目的地标签未选中时的 TextStyle。

backgroundColor - 设置包含所有 NavigationRail 内容的容器的颜色。

leading - 放置在目的地上方的导轨中的前导小部件

trailing - 位于目标下方的轨道中的尾随小部件。

labelType

1. labelType: NavigationRailLabelType.all,
2. labelType: NavigationRailLabelType.selected,
3. labelType: NavigationRailLabelType.none,

输出

更多信息请阅读NavigationRail的文档

您可以在NavigationRail demo 上测试现场演示

Answer 2

最新版本的 Flutter 1.17 包含一个内置的 NavigationRail 组件。

什么是导航栏？

rail 是一个侧边导航组件，它显示三到七个应用程序目标，以及一个可选的浮动操作按钮。每个目的地都由一个图标和一个文本标签表示。导轨可以在更大的屏幕尺寸（例如台式机和平板电脑）上独立运行。当用户在屏幕尺寸和设备之间切换时，滑轨还可以补充其他导航组件，例如底部导航。

示例

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() => runApp(MyApp());

/// This Widget is the main application widget.
class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  static const String _title = 'Flutter Code Sample';

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: _title,
      home: MyStatefulWidget(),
    );
  }
}

class MyStatefulWidget extends StatefulWidget {
  MyStatefulWidget({Key key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  _MyStatefulWidgetState createState() => _MyStatefulWidgetState();
}

class _MyStatefulWidgetState extends State<MyStatefulWidget> {
  int _selectedIndex = 0;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Scaffold(
      body: Row(
        children: <Widget>[
          NavigationRail(
            selectedIndex: _selectedIndex,
            onDestinationSelected: (int index) {
              setState(() {
                _selectedIndex = index;
              });
            },
            labelType: NavigationRailLabelType.selected,
            destinations: [
              NavigationRailDestination(
                icon: Icon(Icons.favorite_border),
                selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.favorite),
                label: Text('First'),
              ),
              NavigationRailDestination(
                icon: Icon(Icons.bookmark_border),
                selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.book),
                label: Text('Second'),
              ),
              NavigationRailDestination(
                icon: Icon(Icons.star_border),
                selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.star),
                label: Text('Third'),
              ),
            ],
          ),
          VerticalDivider(thickness: 1, width: 1),
          // This is the main content.
          Expanded(
            child: Center(
              child: Text('selectedIndex: $_selectedIndex'),
            ),
          )
        ],
      ),
    );
  }
}

查找现场演示here。

Here是官方文档。

Answer 3

它于 2020 年 5 月 7 日随 Flutter 1.17 release 一起发布。一个快速的search“导航轨道颤动”会成功的。

The documentation包括一个现场演示和示例代码。

int _selectedIndex = 0;

 @override
 Widget build(BuildContext context) {
   return Scaffold(
     body: Row(
       children: <Widget>[
         NavigationRail(
           selectedIndex: _selectedIndex,
           onDestinationSelected: (int index) {
             setState(() {
               _selectedIndex = index;
             });
           },
           labelType: NavigationRailLabelType.selected,
           destinations: [
             NavigationRailDestination(
               icon: Icon(Icons.favorite_border),
               selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.favorite),
               label: Text('First'),
             ),
             NavigationRailDestination(
               icon: Icon(Icons.bookmark_border),
               selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.book),
               label: Text('Second'),
             ),
             NavigationRailDestination(
               icon: Icon(Icons.star_border),
               selectedIcon: Icon(Icons.star),
               label: Text('Third'),
             ),
           ],
         ),
         VerticalDivider(thickness: 1, width: 1),
         // This is the main content.
         Expanded(
           child: Center(
             child: Text('selectedIndex: $_selectedIndex'),
           ),
         )
       ],
     ),
   );
 }

---

要升级，请运行flutter upgrade，它将从 github 下载最新版本。

Answer 4

注意：导航栏适用于具有宽视口的布局，例如桌面网络或平板电脑横向布局。对于较小的布局，例如移动肖像，应使用BottomNavigationBar。

int _index = 0;

@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  return Scaffold(
    body: Row(
      children: <Widget>[
        NavigationRail(
          selectedIndex: _index,
          onDestinationSelected: (index) => setState(() => _index = index),
          extended: true,
          destinations: [
            NavigationRailDestination(
              icon: Icon(Icons.favorite_border),
              label: Text('First'),
            ),
            NavigationRailDestination(
              icon: Icon(Icons.bookmark_border),
              label: Text('Second'),
            ),
            NavigationRailDestination(
              icon: Icon(Icons.star_border),
              label: Text('Third'),
            ),
          ],
        ),
        // This is the main content.
        Expanded(child: Center(child: Text('Index: $_index')))
      ],
    ),
  );
}

Answer 5

NavigationRail 看起来很整洁。但我注意到没有办法保存小部件状态，所以它总是被重新创建。甚至 AutomaticKeepAliveClientMixin 都不起作用。