ConvertTo-安全字符串错误

Question

我在创建用户脚本中收到以下错误。

ConvertTo-SecureString：无法将参数绑定到参数“String”，因为它是一个空字符串。 在 C:\AD_Scripts\psscripts\user_create.ps1:59 char:54 + -AccountPassword (convertto-securestring "$Password" -AsPlainText -F ... + ~~~~~~~~~~~ + CategoryInfo : InvalidData: (:) [ConvertTo-SecureString], ParameterBindingValidationException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : ParameterArgumentValidationErrorEmptyStringNotAllowed,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.ConvertToSecureStringCommand

# Import active directory module for running AD cmdlets
Import-Module activedirectory

#Store the data from ADUsers.csv in the $ADUsers variable
$ADUsers = Import-csv userimport.csv
#Store report in log file in the $log variable
$log = "log.txt"

#Loop through each row containing user details in the CSV file 

foreach ($User in $ADUsers)
{
 #Read user data from each field in each row and assign the data to a  variable as below

$Username   = $User.ID
$Password   = $User.BDATE
$Firstname  = $User.FNAME
$Lastname   = $User.LNAME
$Department = $User.GRD
$Company    = $User.SCHID #This field refers to the OU the user account is to be moved to

# Choose OU
Switch ($Company)
{
    "1480" {$OU = 'OU=students,OU=users,ou=hs,dc=clasd,dc=net'}
    "1479" {$OU = 'OU=students,OU=users,ou=elem,dc=clasd,dc=net'}
    "1480" {$Folder = '\\hs-ss\students\hs'}
    "1479" {$Folder = '\\hs-ss\students\elem'}
}

#Check to see if the user already exists in AD
if (Get-ADUser -LDAPFilter {$Username=$user.$SamAccountName})
{
     #If user does exist, give a warning
     Write-Warning "A user account with username $Username already exist in Active Directory."
}
else
{
    #User does not exist then proceed to create the new user account
    "Processing started (on " + $date + "): " | Out-File $log -append
    "--------------------------------------------" | Out-File $log -append

    #Account will be created in the OU provided by the $OU variable read from the CSV file
    New-ADUser `
        -SamAccountName $Username `
        -UserPrincipalName "$Username@clasd.net" `
        -Name "$Firstname $Lastname" `
        -GivenName $Firstname `
        -Department "$Department" `
        -Company "$Company" `
        -EmailAddress "$Username@clasd.net" `
        -Surname $Lastname `
        -Enabled $True `
        -Scriptpath "login.vbs" `
        -DisplayName "$Firstname $Lastname" `
        -Path $OU `
        -Homedrive "Z" `
        -homedirectory "$Folder\$username" `
        -AccountPassword (convertto-securestring "$Password" -AsPlainText -Force) `
        -ChangePasswordAtLogon $true   

}

}

在更改此行之前，我从未收到错误

if (Get-ADUser -F {SamAccountName -eq $Username})

到

if (Get-ADUser -LDAPFilter {$Username=$user.$SamAccountName})

我正在导入的 cvs 文件如下所示：

"ID","FNAME","LNAME","BDATE","GRD","SCHID" "111111","测试","student1","20001225","2016","1480" "333333","test","Student3","2001225","2025","1479"

我使用 Bdate 作为用户密码

Answer 1

所以这里有两个问题，首先你从不声明 $Password 这解释了你得到的错误，因为你将 null 值传递给 convertto-securestring，你还想在变量周围去掉引号，他们不会破坏任何东西，但它们不符合惯例。所以改变

-AccountPassword (convertto-securestring "$Password" -AsPlainText -Force)

到

-AccountPassword (convertto-securestring $User.BDATE -AsPlainText -Force)

您还应该查看您的 If 语句，该语句旨在防止您的脚本尝试创建已存在的用户，您的 LDAP 过滤器 {$Username=$user.$SamAccountName} 将始终返回 false，因为它不是有效格式，您真的应该比较运算符的两边都没有变量，并且 $user.$SamAccountName 在您的脚本中不存在。并不是说这些真的很重要，因为如果用户已经存在，new-aduser 无论如何都会自己出错。