在 Java 中创建密钥库文件 (.jks) 和自签名证书 (.cer/.crt)

Question

我想用 Java 创建一个密钥库文件 (.jks) 和一个自签名证书 (.cer/.crt)。我正在尝试这个：

生成密钥库：

protected void getKeyStore(X509Certificate certificate)
{
    File newSnKeyStoreFile = new File("Mypath..\\keyStore.jks");

    try {

        KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
        keyStore.load(null, null);

        if(!certificate.toString().isEmpty())
        {
            keyStore.store(new FileOutputStream(newSnKeyStoreFile), "password".toCharArray());
            if (keyStore.getCertificateAlias(certificate) == null) {
                keyStore.setCertificateEntry("cert"+ count++, certificate);
            }
        }
        keyStore.store(new FileOutputStream(newSnKeyStoreFile), KEYSTORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());

        // Write to .jks file
        BufferedWriter out = null;
        try {
            out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(newSnKeyStoreFile));
            out.write(keyStore.toString());
        } catch ( Exception e ) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if ( out != null ) out.close();
        }
    }catch(Exception ke){
        System.out.print("Error occurred while setting up keyStore: " + ke.getMessage());
    }
}

我生成证书：

protected X509Certificate genCertificate()
{
    try {
        //Generate self signed certificate
        CertAndKeyGen gen = new CertAndKeyGen("RSA", "SHA1WithRSA")
        gen.generate(1024);
        X509Certificate cert = gen.getSelfCertificate(new X500Name("CN=ROOT"), (long) 365 * 24 * 3600);

        File certFile = new File("Mypath..\\Cert.cer");
        // Write to .cer file
        BufferedWriter out = null;
        try {
            out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(certFile));
            out.write(certificate.getEncoded().toString());
        } catch ( Exception e ) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if ( out != null ) out.close();
        }
        return cert;

    }catch (Exception e) {
        System.out.println("Error : " + e.getMessage());
    }
    return null;
}

现在，当我运行它时，会创建 .jks 和 .cer 文件，但是当我尝试使用 cmd 命令检查密钥库时出现错误：

命令 - keytool -list -keystore keyStore.jks

keytool error: java.io.IOException: Invalid keystore format

和

命令 - keytool -printcert -v -file Cert.cer

keytool error: java.lang.Exception: Empty input
java.lang.Exception: Empty input
        at sun.security.tools.KeyTool.printCertFromStream(KeyTool.java:2234)
        at sun.security.tools.KeyTool.doPrintCert(KeyTool.java:2423)
        at sun.security.tools.KeyTool.doCommands(KeyTool.java:1069)
        at sun.security.tools.KeyTool.run(KeyTool.java:340)
        at sun.security.tools.KeyTool.main(KeyTool.java:333)

任何关于我可能出错的地方的指示？

Answer 1

protected void getKeyStore(X509Certificate certificate)
{
    File newSnKeyStoreFile = new File("Mypath..\\keyStore.jks");

    try {

        KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
        keyStore.load(null, null);

        if(!certificate.toString().isEmpty())

这个测试毫无意义。如果您有证书，则其字符串表示形式不会为空。如果你不这样做，你根本不应该调用这个方法。删除。

        {
            keyStore.store(new FileOutputStream(newSnKeyStoreFile), "password".toCharArray());

为什么？里面还什么都没有。删除。

            if (keyStore.getCertificateAlias(certificate) == null) {
                keyStore.setCertificateEntry("cert"+ count++, certificate);

如果它不为空，则无论如何都应该覆盖该条目或抛出异常，而不是默默地忽略条件。

            }
        }
        keyStore.store(new FileOutputStream(newSnKeyStoreFile), KEYSTORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());

很好，但你需要关闭这个FileOutputStream。

        // Write to .jks file
        BufferedWriter out = null;
        try {
            out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(newSnKeyStoreFile));
            out.write(keyStore.toString());
        } catch ( Exception e ) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if ( out != null ) out.close();
        }

删除所有这些无意义的垃圾。您已经存储了密钥库。你在这里所做的只是破坏它。

   File certFile = new File("Mypath..\\Cert.cer");
    // Write to .cer file
    BufferedWriter out = null;

错了。证书文件是二进制的。使用FileOutputStream.

    try {
        out = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(certFile));

错了，见上。 out = new FileOutputStream(certFile);

        out.write(certificate.getEncoded().toString());

又错了。这应该是

out.write(certificate.getEncoded());

您似乎热衷于将事物转换为字符串。尝试逐渐减少。