如何修复代码中的密码/用户名身份验证？答案

【问题标题】：How Do I fix the password/ username authentication in my code?如何修复代码中的密码/用户名身份验证？
【发布时间】：2013-08-25 07:20:09
【问题描述】：

我有一个应用程序，我在其中使用我的用户名和密码登录，然后切换到包含 web 视图的页面。 webview 识别这个用户名和密码并加载内容（通过 sharedpreferences），但问题是，它只加载一次，当我导航到我的应用程序的其他部分并返回时，它显示一个空白屏幕，最终加载页面不能显示在网络视图中。有没有办法解决这个问题，让 webview 识别用户名并在你每次导航到页面并加载内容时传递。这是相同的代码：包含 webview 的页面：

public class AnswersFragmentWebView extends Fragment implements  MainActivity.BackPressListener<Fragment>  {

    private static final String SYMBOL = "symbol";
    private static final String SYMBOL_TYPE = "symbol_type";
    public  static final String CONTAINER_ID = "container_id";
    public static final String TAG_QUOTES_FRAGMENT_WEBVIEW = "AnswersFragmentWebView";
    public static void removeInstance(final FragmentManager manager) {
        final AnswersFragmentWebView fragment = (AnswersFragmentWebView) manager.findFragmentByTag(TAG_QUOTES_FRAGMENT_WEBVIEW);
        if (fragment == null) {
            return;
        }

        final FragmentStackManager stackManager = FragmentStackManager.getInstance();
        if (stackManager.getTopFragment() instanceof AnswersFragmentWebView) {
            stackManager.popTopFragment();
        }
    }

    private boolean goingBack = false;
    private boolean onBackPressClearStack = true;
    private WebView webView;
    private final static String URL = "https://amers1.mobile13.cp.justice.com/msf1.0/fwd/answers/answers/service/v1/?q=ibm%20revenue&ui.theme=dark&uuid=PADACT-002&userAgent=iphone";
    //private final static String URL = "https://www.google.com";
    SharedPreferencesManager manager = SharedPreferencesManager.getInstance();
    private final  String USERNAME =manager.getLoginUsername(); 
    private final  String PASSWORD = manager.getDecryptedLoginPassword();
    private final static String HOST = "https://amers1.mobile13.cp.justice.com/msf1.0/fwd/answers/answers/service/v1/?q=ibm%20revenue&ui.theme=novadark&uuid=PADACT-002&userAgent=iphone";
    private final static String REALM = "Users Only";

    public void setOnBackPressClearStack(boolean b){
        onBackPressClearStack = b;
    }
    public boolean webViewSteppedBack() {
        if (webView != null && webView.canGoBack()) {
            webView.goBack();

            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean backPressed(final MainActivity mainActivity) {
        if (webViewSteppedBack()) {
            return true;
        }

        if (onBackPressClearStack) {
            goingBack = true;
            FragmentUtils.onBackPressedKnockFragsOffStack(mainActivity, this);
        }
        return false;
    }

    private static AnswersFragmentWebView __newInstance(final AnswersFragmentWebView fragment, final FragmentManager manager,
            final String searchAutoSuggestSymbol, final String symbolType, int containerViewId, final int inAnimation, final int outAnimation, final int popInAnimation, final int popOutAnimation) {
        final Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
        bundle.putString(AnswersFragmentWebView.SYMBOL, searchAutoSuggestSymbol);
        bundle.putString(AnswersFragmentWebView.SYMBOL_TYPE, symbolType);
        bundle.putInt(AnswersFragmentWebView.CONTAINER_ID, containerViewId);
        fragment.setArguments(bundle);

        FragmentInfo fragmentInfo = new FragmentInfo(TransactionMethods.ADD, containerViewId);
        fragmentInfo.setAnimation(inAnimation, outAnimation);
        fragmentInfo.setPopAnimation(popInAnimation, popOutAnimation);
        fragmentInfo.setFragmentTag(TAG_QUOTES_FRAGMENT_WEBVIEW);
        fragmentInfo.setActionBarTitle(Application.getAppResources().getString(R.string.nav_option_quotes));
        FragmentStackManager.getInstance().transitionFragment(manager, fragment, fragmentInfo);

        return fragment;
    }

    private static AnswersFragmentWebView __newInstance(final AnswersFragmentWebView fragment, final FragmentManager manager,
            final String searchAutoSuggestSymbol, final String symbolType, int containerViewId) {
        return __newInstance(fragment, manager, searchAutoSuggestSymbol, symbolType, containerViewId, R.anim.slide_in_from_right, R.anim.slide_out_to_left, R.anim.slide_in_from_left, R.anim.slide_out_to_right);
    }


    private static void clearWebView(final FragmentManager manager) {
        final AnswersFragmentWebView fragment = (AnswersFragmentWebView) manager.findFragmentByTag(TAG_QUOTES_FRAGMENT_WEBVIEW);
        if (fragment != null && fragment instanceof AnswersFragmentWebView) {
            ((AnswersFragmentWebView)fragment).clearWebView();
        }
    }

    public static AnswersFragmentWebView newInstance(final FragmentManager manager, final String searchAutoSuggestSymbol, String symbolType) {
        clearWebView(manager);
        return __newInstance(new AnswersFragmentWebView(), manager, searchAutoSuggestSymbol, symbolType, R.id.fragment_container);
    }

    public static AnswersFragmentWebView newInstance(final FragmentManager manager, final String searchAutoSuggestSymbol, String symbolType, int containerViewId) {
        clearWebView(manager);
        return __newInstance(new AnswersFragmentWebView(), manager, searchAutoSuggestSymbol, symbolType, containerViewId);
    }

    public static AnswersFragmentWebView newInstanceNoBackPressed(final FragmentManager manager, final String searchAutoSuggestSymbol,  final String symbolType, int containerViewId) {
        AnswersFragmentWebView fragment =  __newInstance(new AnswersFragmentWebView(), manager, searchAutoSuggestSymbol, symbolType, containerViewId);
        fragment.setOnBackPressClearStack(false);
        return fragment;
    }

    public static AnswersFragmentWebView newInstanceNoBackPressed(final AnswersFragmentWebView fragment, final FragmentManager manager, final String searchAutoSuggestSymbol, final String symbolType, int containerViewId) {
        fragment.setOnBackPressClearStack(false);
        return __newInstance(fragment, manager, searchAutoSuggestSymbol, symbolType, containerViewId);
    }

    public static AnswersFragmentWebView newInstanceForSearch(final FragmentManager manager, final String searchAutoSuggestSymbol, String symbolType) {
        AnswersFragmentWebView fragment = __newInstance(new AnswersFragmentWebView(), manager, searchAutoSuggestSymbol, symbolType, R.id.fragment_container, R.anim.no_animation, R.anim.slide_out_to_right, R.anim.slide_in_from_right, R.anim.slide_out_to_right);
        return fragment;
    }

    public void clearWebView() {
        if (webView != null) {
            webView.removeAllViews();
            webView.destroy();
            webView = null;
        }
    }



    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    @SuppressLint("NewApi")
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(final LayoutInflater inflater, final ViewGroup container, final Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        if (goingBack) {
            return null;
        }
        final MainActivity activity = (MainActivity) getActivity();

        activity.setBackPressListener(this);


        final View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_search_answers, container, false);

        if (!NetworkUtils.isOnline()) {
            LayoutUtils.showNoResult(view, R.id.quotes_webview_container);
            return view;

        }

        // setup webview
        webView = (WebView) view.findViewById(R.id.webview);


        webView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        webView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
        webView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient());
        webView.setBackgroundColor(0);
        webView.requestFocus();
        webView.reload();
        webView.getSettings().setSavePassword(true);
        webView.getSettings().setSaveFormData(true);
        webView.getSettings().getSaveFormData();
        webView.getSettings().getSavePassword();
        //WebViewDatabase.getInstance(getActivity()).clearHttpAuthUsernamePassword();
        WebViewDatabase.getInstance(getActivity()).hasHttpAuthUsernamePassword();
        webView.setHttpAuthUsernamePassword(HOST, REALM, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
        webView.setWebViewClient(new AnswersWebView(this,webView));
        webView.loadUrl(URL);



        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        getArguments().getString(AnswersFragmentWebView.SYMBOL);
    }


}

webview 客户端：

public class AnswersWebView extends WebViewClient {

    private String loginCookie;
    private Context mContext;
    private WebView mWebView;

    public AnswersWebView(AnswersFragmentWebView answersFragmentWebView, WebView webview) {
        super();

        //mContext = answersFragmentWebView;
        mWebView = webview;
    }

    @Override
    public void onPageStarted( WebView view, String url, Bitmap favicon ) {
    }

    @Override
    public void onPageFinished( WebView view, String url ) {
        CookieManager cookieManager = CookieManager.getInstance();
        cookieManager.setCookie(url, loginCookie);
    }

    @Override
    public void onReceivedError( WebView view, int errorCode, String description, String failingUrl ) {
        Toast.makeText(view.getContext(), "√ây√Ö[√âW√¨¬´√á‚Ä∫√ß√ª√á‚Ä∫√âG√â√¢√Ö[", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onLoadResource( WebView view, String url ){
        CookieManager cookieManager = CookieManager.getInstance();
        loginCookie = cookieManager.getCookie(url);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading( WebView view, String url ) {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void onReceivedSslError( WebView view, SslErrorHandler handler, SslError error ) {
        handler.proceed();
    }

    @Override
    public void onReceivedHttpAuthRequest( WebView view, final HttpAuthHandler handler, final String host, final String realm ){
        SharedPreferencesManager manager = SharedPreferencesManager.getInstance();
        String userName = manager.getLoginUsername();
        String userPass = manager.getDecryptedLoginPassword();

        if (handler.useHttpAuthUsernamePassword() && view != null) {
            String[] haup = view.getHttpAuthUsernamePassword(host, realm);
            if (haup != null && haup.length == 2) {
                userName = haup[0];
                userPass = haup[1];
            }
        }

        if (userName != null && userPass != null) {
            handler.proceed(userName, userPass);
        }
        else {
            showHttpAuthDialog(handler, host, realm, null, null, null);
        }
    }

    private void showHttpAuthDialog( final HttpAuthHandler handler, final String host, final String realm, final String title, final String name, final String password ) {
        LinearLayout llayout = new LinearLayout((Activity)mContext);
        final TextView textview1 = new TextView((Activity)mContext);
        final EditText edittext1 = new EditText((Activity)mContext);
        final TextView textview2 = new TextView((Activity)mContext);
        final EditText edittext2 = new EditText((Activity)mContext);
        llayout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
        textview1.setText("username:");
        textview2.setText("password:");
        llayout.addView(textview1);
        llayout.addView(edittext1);
        llayout.addView(textview2);
        llayout.addView(edittext2);

        final Builder mHttpAuthDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder((Activity)mContext);
        mHttpAuthDialog.setTitle("Basic Authentication")
        .setView(llayout)
        .setCancelable(false)
        .setPositiveButton("OK", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
                EditText etUserName = edittext1;
                String userName = etUserName.getText().toString();
                EditText etUserPass = edittext2;
                String userPass = etUserPass.getText().toString();

                mWebView.setHttpAuthUsernamePassword(host, realm, name, password);

                handler.proceed(userName, userPass);
            }
        })
        .setNegativeButton("Cancel", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
                handler.cancel();
            }
        })
        .create().show();
    }

}

谢谢！贾斯汀

【问题讨论】：

当您执行 HTTP 身份验证时，代码中似乎有两个不同的时间。设置 webview 时，您提供凭据； onReceivedHttpAuthRequest 中还提供了凭据。您能否在第一次运行（哪个有效）和后续运行（哪个失败）时记录哪个处于活动状态（可能两者兼而有之）？
showHttpAuthDialog 是完全没用的函数，可以注释掉。但是，onReceivedHttpAuthRequest 用于对页面进行身份验证。上一个类中的一个用于在第一次登录时接收凭据和主机名。我想要做的是我希望它在我在屏幕之间来回切换时记住这些凭据和 URL。但它似乎甚至忘记 URL 并出现“页面无法显示”错误。想知道缺少什么。
当您回来时，onReceivedHttpAuthRequest 会被呼叫吗？
是的，但是还是显示页面空白后无法显示
为什么不将 WebView 客户端的实例存储在静态变量中，当您需要加载内容时使用该变量手动加载内容或创建会话 stackoverflow.com/questions/11224454/…

标签： java android

【解决方案1】：

好的。

您必须在 onResume 而不是 OnCreate 中添加用户名/密码

如本文档中的解释 http://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Activity.html

【讨论】：

还是不行，不知道为什么第二次不记得密码或页面url了
其实就是这里的片段生命周期：developer.android.com/guide/components/fragments.html。我不知道片段是否需要 onCreate 中的 setRetainInstance(true)。但是有了这个 webview，我认为不需要它......

【解决方案2】：

将 SharedPref 代码移入 onClick 并在此处报告...

【讨论】：

您能以编程方式解释一下吗？我不确定这里的报告是什么意思

【解决方案3】：

这是cookie管理的问题。

案例：~ 1 如果您正在访问其他网站（facebook、gmail 等）要解决这个问题，您必须维护通过 vebView 传入的 cookie 文件。

并将其发送回下一次新页面请求。

案例：~ 2 如果您正在访问自己的网站，那么还有另一个问题解决方案是您可以检查服务器端（在您的网站中）设备信息并将其与登录时的设备信息进行比较。

或者您可以在隐藏标签中发送隐藏数据并在您的应用中验证它。

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

在我之前的项目中，我遇到了一些类似的问题。我用这种方法解决了那里的问题 - 在 onCreate 中实例化空白/默认布局，然后从 sharedPref 加载配置并为 onResume 中的布局设置参数值。并在离开页面之前将配置更改（如果发生）保存在 onPause 中。如果这看起来不错，您可以检查一下您的情况。

【讨论】：

1票赞成花时间回答:)。如果您有任何线索，请尝试提出这个问题：stackoverflow.com/questions/18343590/…