如何通过 Swift 发送 POST 请求？

Question

我有这样的控制器 -

def create
   if (@user = User.find_by_email(params[:email])) && @user.valid_password?(params[:password])
      render json: @user.as_json(only: [:email,:authentication_token]),status: :created
   else 
      render json:('Unauthorized Access')
   end  
end 

当我使用 Postman 提出此请求时，我选择正文，并形成数据并添加电子邮件和密码。这个作品

如何使用 swift 来做同样的事情？这是我尝试过的

let url = URL(string: "http://localhost:3000/api/v1/user_serialized/")

let config = URLSessionConfiguration.default

let request = NSMutableURLRequest(url: url!)

request.httpMethod = "POST"

let bodyData = "email=Test@test.com&password=Test1234"

request.httpBody = bodyData.data(using: String.Encoding.utf8);

let session = URLSession(configuration: config)

let task = session.dataTask(with: url! as URL, completionHandler: {(data, response, error) in
    let json = JSON(data:data!)

    debugPrint(json)
})

task.resume()

Answer 1

大家好，我在下面分享一个使用 SWIFT 5+ 在 POST 中发出请求的函数示例。

此函数允许您发送一个 POST 请求，其中包含 API 入口点和 [[String: String]] 形式的参数和一个 Int 以确定输出操作。

对于输出动作，我们使用 Switch Case 调用函数。

操作极其简单。你必须把这两个函数放在你的一个类中。

func MGSetRequestApi(endpoint: String, parameters: [[String: String]], MGSetAction: Int) -> String {

    var setReturn: String!
    let semaphore = DispatchSemaphore (value: 0)
    var MGGetParam: String! = ""

    for gate in parameters {

        for (key, value) in gate {
            let myParam = key + "=" + value + "&"
            MGGetParam.append(contentsOf: myParam)
        }
    }
            
    let postData =  MGGetParam.data(using: .utf8)

    var request = URLRequest(url: URL(string: endpoint)!,timeoutInterval: 10000)
    request.addValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")

    request.httpMethod = "POST"
    request.httpBody = postData

    let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { data, response, error in
            guard let data = data else {
                    print(String(describing: error))
                    semaphore.signal()
                    return
            }
            print(String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)!)
            setReturn = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)!

        DispatchQueue.main.async {
            self.MGRequestAction(MGGetIdRq: MGSetAction, MGGetData: setReturn)
        }
        semaphore.signal()

    }

    task.resume()
    semaphore.wait()
    return setReturn
}

然后实现这个函数来管理输出

func MGRequestAction(MGGetIdRq: Int, MGGetData: String) {
    
    switch MGGetIdRq {
        case 1:
            // Do something here
        case 2:
            // Do something else here
        case 3:
            // Do something else here again
        default:
            print("Set default action");
    }
    
}

这个怎么用，你有两种可能，第一种是处理什么函数

MGSetRequestApi(endpoint: String, parameters: [[String: String]], MGSetAction: Int) -> String

返回（字符串）或通过函数传递

MGRequestAction(MGGetIdRq: Int, MGGetData: String)

这将调用你的 Json 解析函数。

MGRequestAction() 函数的参数为​​ Int，用于选择操作和返回请求的字符串

现在要这样使用它：

_ =  MGSetRequestApi(endpoint: MY_END_POINT_API,
                     parameters: [["KEY_1": "VALUE 1"],
                                 ["KEY_2": "VALUE 2"],
                                 ["KEY_3": "VALUE 3"],
                                 ["KEY_4": "VALUE 4"]],
                     MGSetAction: 3)

Answer 2

这里是使用参数“emailaddress”和“password”调用登录 API 的 POST API 示例，其中 userEmailID 和 Userpassword 作为两个字符串分别保存电子邮件和密码的值。

您可以在视图控制器的任何位置调用此 POST API，如下所示：

self.postLoginCall(url: "Your post method url") 例子：self.postLoginCall(url: "http://1.0.0.1/api/login.php")

func postLoginCall(url : String){


    let request = NSMutableURLRequest(url: NSURL(string: url)! as URL)
    request.httpMethod = "POST"
    let postString = "emailaddress=\(userEmailID!)&password=\(Userpassword!)"
    print(postString)
    request.setValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
    request.httpBody = postString.data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)

    let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request as URLRequest) { data, response, error in
        guard error == nil && data != nil else {                                                          // check for fundamental networking error
            print("error=\(error)")
            return
        }

        do {
        if let responseJSON = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data!) as? [String:AnyObject]{
            print(responseJSON)
            print(responseJSON["status"]!)


            self.response1 = responseJSON["status"]! as! Int

            print(self.response1)

            //Check response from the sever
            if self.response1 == 200
            {
                OperationQueue.main.addOperation {

                    //API call Successful and can perform other operatios
                   print("Login Successful")
                }

            }

            else
            {
                OperationQueue.main.addOperation {

                    //API call failed and perform other operations
                    print("Login Failed")

                }

            }


        }
        }
        catch {
            print("Error -> \(error)")
        }



    }


    task.resume()



}

Answer 3

我创建了一个自定义 HTTP 类，我们可以在其中发送 url、参数，我们将从 API 获取数据。下面是课程。

import Foundation

//HTTP Methods
enum HttpMethod : String {
   case  GET
   case  POST
   case  DELETE
   case  PUT
}


class HttpClientApi: NSObject{

//TODO: remove app transport security arbitary constant from info.plist file once we get API's
 var request : URLRequest?
 var session : URLSession?

static func instance() ->  HttpClientApi{

    return HttpClientApi()
}



func makeAPICall(url: String,params: Dictionary<String, Any>?, method: HttpMethod, success:@escaping ( Data? ,HTTPURLResponse?  , NSError? ) -> Void, failure: @escaping ( Data? ,HTTPURLResponse?  , NSError? )-> Void) {

     request = URLRequest(url: URL(string: url)!)

    logging.print("URL = \(url)")

    if let params = params {


        let  jsonData = try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: params, options: .prettyPrinted)

        request?.setValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
        request?.httpBody = jsonData//?.base64EncodedData()


        //paramString.data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)
    }
    request?.httpMethod = method.rawValue


    let configuration = URLSessionConfiguration.default

    configuration.timeoutIntervalForRequest = 30
    configuration.timeoutIntervalForResource = 30

    session = URLSession(configuration: configuration)
    //session?.configuration.timeoutIntervalForResource = 5
    //session?.configuration.timeoutIntervalForRequest = 5

    session?.dataTask(with: request! as URLRequest) { (data, response, error) -> Void in

        if let data = data {

            if let response = response as? HTTPURLResponse, 200...299 ~= response.statusCode {
                success(data , response , error as? NSError)
            } else {
                failure(data , response as? HTTPURLResponse, error as? NSError)
            }
        }else {

            failure(data , response as? HTTPURLResponse, error as? NSError)

        }
        }.resume()

  }

}

现在您可以参考下面的代码来了解如何进行 API 调用。

  var paramsDictionary = [String:Any]()

    paramsDictionary["username"] = "BBB"
    paramsDictionary["password"]    = "refef"

    HttpClientApi.instance().makeAPICall(url: "Your URL", params:paramsDictionary, method: .POST, success: { (data, response, error) in

        // API call is Successfull

    }, failure: { (data, response, error) in

        // API call Failure

    })

Answer 4

我认为您应该将您的请求而不是 url 传递给 session.dataTask

这是我的代码的样子：

private let url = URL(string: "http://example.com/")!

func httpPost(jsonData: Data) {
    if !jsonData.isEmpty {
        var request = URLRequest(url: url)
        request.httpMethod = "POST"
        request.httpBody = jsonData

        URLSession.shared.getAllTasks { (openTasks: [URLSessionTask]) in
            NSLog("open tasks: \(openTasks)")
        }

        let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request, completionHandler: { (responseData: Data?, response: URLResponse?, error: Error?) in
            NSLog("\(response)")
        })
        task.resume()
    }
}