RESTful WCF web 服务 POST 问题

Question

我无法将参数传递给 wcf Web 服务。我的网络方法：

    [OperationContract]
    [WebInvoke(Method = "POST",
       ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
       UriTemplate = "playersJson2")]
    List<Person> GetPlayers(string name1, string name2);

当我发出 http post 请求时，我得到了正确的 json 格式的 200 OK 响应，但 Web 服务似乎无法获取参数（name1，name2）。 Wireshark 显示如下：

你看出什么不对了吗？

更新：不确定这是否重要，但我的服务正在使用“webHttpBinding”并且发布请求来自 Android。

Answer 1

WCF 不支持开箱即用的表单/编码数据。其他答案提到了一些替代方案（将输入作为流接收，将请求更改为 JSON）。另一种不强制您更改请求或操作的替代方法是使用自定义格式化程序，该格式化程序可以理解 form-urlencoded 请求。下面的代码显示了一个这样做的。

public class MyWebHttpBehavior : WebHttpBehavior
{
    protected override IDispatchMessageFormatter GetRequestDispatchFormatter(OperationDescription operationDescription, ServiceEndpoint endpoint)
    {
        bool isRequestWrapped = this.IsRequestWrapped(operationDescription.Behaviors.Find<WebInvokeAttribute>());
        IDispatchMessageFormatter originalFormatter = base.GetRequestDispatchFormatter(operationDescription, endpoint);
        if (isRequestWrapped)
        {
            return new MyFormUrlEncodedAwareFormatter(
                operationDescription,
                originalFormatter,
                this.GetQueryStringConverter(operationDescription));
        }
        else
        {
            return originalFormatter;
        }
    }

    private bool IsRequestWrapped(WebInvokeAttribute wia)
    {
        WebMessageBodyStyle bodyStyle;
        if (wia.IsBodyStyleSetExplicitly)
        {
            bodyStyle = wia.BodyStyle;
        }
        else
        {
            bodyStyle = this.DefaultBodyStyle;
        }

        return bodyStyle == WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped || bodyStyle == WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest;
    }

    class MyFormUrlEncodedAwareFormatter : IDispatchMessageFormatter
    {
        const string FormUrlEncodedContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
        OperationDescription operation;
        IDispatchMessageFormatter originalFormatter;
        QueryStringConverter queryStringConverter;
        public MyFormUrlEncodedAwareFormatter(OperationDescription operation, IDispatchMessageFormatter originalFormatter, QueryStringConverter queryStringConverter)
        {
            this.operation = operation;
            this.originalFormatter = originalFormatter;
            this.queryStringConverter = queryStringConverter;
        }

        public void DeserializeRequest(Message message, object[] parameters)
        {
            if (IsFormUrlEncodedMessage(message))
            {
                XmlDictionaryReader bodyReader = message.GetReaderAtBodyContents();
                bodyReader.ReadStartElement("Binary");
                byte[] bodyBytes = bodyReader.ReadContentAsBase64();
                string body = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bodyBytes);
                NameValueCollection pairs = HttpUtility.ParseQueryString(body);
                Dictionary<string, string> values = new Dictionary<string, string>();
                foreach (var key in pairs.AllKeys)
                {
                    values.Add(key, pairs[key]);
                }

                foreach (var part in this.operation.Messages[0].Body.Parts)
                {
                    if (values.ContainsKey(part.Name))
                    {
                        string value = values[part.Name];
                        parameters[part.Index] = this.queryStringConverter.ConvertStringToValue(value, part.Type);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        parameters[part.Index] = GetDefaultValue(part.Type);
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                this.originalFormatter.DeserializeRequest(message, parameters);
            }
        }

        public Message SerializeReply(MessageVersion messageVersion, object[] parameters, object result)
        {
            throw new NotSupportedException("This is a request-only formatter");
        }

        private static bool IsFormUrlEncodedMessage(Message message)
        {
            object prop;
            if (message.Properties.TryGetValue(WebBodyFormatMessageProperty.Name, out prop))
            {
                if (((WebBodyFormatMessageProperty)prop).Format == WebContentFormat.Raw)
                {
                    if (message.Properties.TryGetValue(HttpRequestMessageProperty.Name, out prop))
                    {
                        if (((HttpRequestMessageProperty)prop).Headers[HttpRequestHeader.ContentType].StartsWith(FormUrlEncodedContentType))
                        {
                            return true;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            return false;
        }

        private static object GetDefaultValue(Type type)
        {
            if (type.IsValueType)
            {
                return Activator.CreateInstance(type);
            }
            else
            {
                return null;
            }
        }
    }
}
[ServiceContract]
public class Service
{
    [WebInvoke(BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest)]
    public string Concat(string text1, string text2)
    {
        return text1 + text2;
    }

    [WebInvoke(BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest)]
    public int Add(int x, int y)
    {
        return x + y;
    }
}
class Program
{
    public static void SendRequest(string uri, string method, string contentType, string body)
    {
        HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(uri);
        req.Method = method;
        if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(contentType))
        {
            req.ContentType = contentType;
        }

        if (body != null)
        {
            byte[] bodyBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body);
            req.GetRequestStream().Write(bodyBytes, 0, bodyBytes.Length);
            req.GetRequestStream().Close();
        }

        HttpWebResponse resp;
        try
        {
            resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();
        }
        catch (WebException e)
        {
            resp = (HttpWebResponse)e.Response;
        }
        Console.WriteLine("HTTP/{0} {1} {2}", resp.ProtocolVersion, (int)resp.StatusCode, resp.StatusDescription);
        foreach (string headerName in resp.Headers.AllKeys)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", headerName, resp.Headers[headerName]);
        }
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine(new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd());
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("  *-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*  ");
        Console.WriteLine();
    }

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        string baseAddress = "http://" + Environment.MachineName + ":8000/Service";
        ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(Service), new Uri(baseAddress));
        host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(Service), new WebHttpBinding(), "").Behaviors.Add(new MyWebHttpBehavior());
        host.Open();
        Console.WriteLine("Host opened");

        SendRequest(baseAddress + "/Add", "POST", "application/json", "{\"x\":22,\"y\":33}");
        SendRequest(baseAddress + "/Add", "POST", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "x=22&y=33");
        SendRequest(baseAddress + "/Add", "POST", "application/json", "{\"x\":22,\"z\":33}");
        SendRequest(baseAddress + "/Add", "POST", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "x=22&z=33");

        SendRequest(baseAddress + "/Concat", "POST", "application/json", "{\"text1\":\"hello\",\"text2\":\" world\"}");
        SendRequest(baseAddress + "/Concat", "POST", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "text1=hello&text2=%20world");
        SendRequest(baseAddress + "/Concat", "POST", "application/json", "{\"text1\":\"hello\",\"text9\":\" world\"}");
        SendRequest(baseAddress + "/Concat", "POST", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "text1=hello&text9=%20world");
    }
}

Answer 2

看来您需要解析您的发布数据手册...

例如你可以看here

Answer 3

唯一看起来不合适的是playerJson2，但这只是因为我以前从未使用过 UriTemplate。你能在没有 UriTemplate 的情况下让它工作并发布到/WcfService1/Service1.svc/GetPlayers 吗？您在项目中还有其他 WCF 服务吗？

Answer 4

您需要设置正确的Content-Type，在这种情况下为application/json。

很抱歉误读了您的问题。如下更新您的 UriTemplate：

[WebInvoke(Method = "POST",
       ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
       UriTemplate = "playersJson2?name1={name1}&name2={name2}")]