是否可以在 Rust 中返回借用或拥有的类型？

Question

在以下代码中，如何返回floor 的引用而不是新对象？是否可以让函数返回借用的引用或拥有的值？

extern crate num; // 0.2.0

use num::bigint::BigInt;

fn cal(a: BigInt, b: BigInt, floor: &BigInt) -> BigInt {
    let c: BigInt = a - b;
    if c.ge(floor) {
        c
    } else {
        floor.clone()
    }
}

Answer 1

由于BigInt 实现了Clone，您可以使用std::borrow::Cow：

use num::bigint::BigInt; // 0.2.0
use std::borrow::Cow;

fn cal(a: BigInt, b: BigInt, floor: &BigInt) -> Cow<BigInt> {
    let c: BigInt = a - b;
    if c.ge(floor) {
        Cow::Owned(c)
    } else {
        Cow::Borrowed(floor)
    }
}

稍后，您可以使用Cow::into_owned() 获得BigInt 的拥有版本，或者仅将其用作参考：

fn main() {
    let a = BigInt::from(1);
    let b = BigInt::from(2);
    let c = &BigInt::from(3);

    let result = cal(a, b, c);

    let ref_result = &result;
    println!("ref result: {}", ref_result);

    let owned_result = result.into_owned();
    println!("owned result: {}", owned_result);
}