由于模型错误，无法执行 Typescript、NodeJS 和 Sequelize

Question

我正在尝试在 NodeJS 上运行 sequelize。我正在用 Typescript 编写代码 我使用的软件版本如下：

nodejs - 14.16.0 续集 - 6.5.1 typescript - 4.2.3

Typescript 可以正确构建，但是在针对已编译的 index.js 文件运行 node 命令时，出现以下错误：

import { DataTypes, Model, Sequelize, TableHints } from 'sequelize';
                    ^^^^^
SyntaxError: Named export 'Model' not found. The requested module 'sequelize' is a CommonJS module, which may not support all module.exports as named exports.
CommonJS modules can always be imported via the default export, for example using:

import pkg from 'sequelize';
const { DataTypes, Model, Sequelize, TableHints } = pkg;

代码是一个简单的index.ts

import { DataTypes, Model, Optional, Sequelize, TableHints } from 'sequelize';

let server = "server";
let database = "db";
let user_name = "user";
let password = "password";

let app_name = "api";

let _mssql_service = new Sequelize(database, user_name, password, {
  dialect: "mssql",
  isolationLevel: TableHints.READUNCOMMITTED,
  host: server,
  dialectOptions: {
    options: {
      appName: app_name,
    },
  },
});

// These are all the attributes in the User model
export interface TrackingAttributes {
  id: number;
  column1: string;
   ...
}

interface TrackingCreationAttributes
  extends Optional<TrackingAttributes, "id"> {}

export class TrackingModel
  extends Model<TrackingAttributes, TrackingCreationAttributes>
  implements TrackingAttributes {
  public id!: number; // Note that the `null assertion` `!` is required in strict mode.
  public column1!: string;
  ...
}

async function test() {
  try {
   TrackingModel.init(
      {
        id: {
          type: DataTypes.INTEGER.UNSIGNED,
          autoIncrement: true,
          primaryKey: true,
        },
        column1: {
          type: DataTypes.STRING(10),
          allowNull: true
        },
      },
      {
        tableName: "table1",
        schema: "schema1",
        sequelize: _mssql_service, // passing the `sequelize` instance is required
      }
    );
    let val = await TrackingModel.findOne({ where: { id: 24 } });
    console.log("Connection has been established successfully.");
    console.log(val);
  } catch (error) {
    console.error("Unable to connect to the database:", error);
  } finally {
    _mssql_service.close();
  }
}
test();

我在 package.json 中安装并包含以下类型：

"@types/node": "^14.14.35", "@types/sequelize": "^4.28.9", "@types/validator": "^13.1.3"

我有以下 tsconfig.json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es2020",
    "module": "esnext",
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "strict": true,
    "declaration": true,
    "outDir": "bin",
    "types": ["node"],
    "typeRoots": ["../node_modules/@types"],
    "sourceMap": true
  },
  "include": ["**/*.ts"],
  "exclude": ["tests", "dist", "node_modules", "lib", "bin"]
}

我有以下 package.json

{
  "name": "console-application",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "",
  "main": "index.js",
  "type": "module",
  "scripts": {
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
  },
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "dependencies": {
    "sequelize": "^6.5.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/node": "^14.14.35",
    "@types/validator": "^13.1.3"
  }
}

我很困惑为什么会收到此错误，但我们将不胜感激。

Answer 1

通常@types/* 包与它们提供类型的包的主要版本相匹配。在这种情况下，您有 sequelize v6 但 @types/sequelize v4 所以它们不匹配。

我查看了 sequelize 存储库，发现它们从 v5 开始就提供了自己的类型，因此您应该卸载 @types/sequelize，因为它们是不需要的，并且是导致问题的原因。

查看我找到的信息 - https://sequelize.org/master/manual/typescript.html

编辑：在 OP 更新他们的帖子以包含它之后，tsconfig.json/package.json 问题中的附加信息。

首先，您需要在依赖项列表中包含typescript。您可以简单地运行npm i typescript（或根据需要使用特定版本）。

那么，您的tsconfig.json 的问题是您已将module 编译器选项设置为esnext，但Node 不支持此功能（Node 确实 具有实验性支持为此通过--experimental-modules 标志，但我现在忽略它）。您应该将其设置为 commonjs。

工作tsconfig.json:

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es2020",
    "module": "commonjs",
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "strict": true,
    "declaration": true,
    "outDir": "bin",
    "types": ["node"],
    "typeRoots": ["../node_modules/@types"],
    "sourceMap": true
  },
  "include": ["**/*.ts"],
  "exclude": ["tests", "dist", "node_modules", "lib", "bin"]
}

有了这个我能够编译和运行代码，虽然我现在得到一个单独的错误，即来自 sequelize 的 Error: Please install tedious package manually - 但这只是一个依赖问题。