JSF 标签未呈现 - FacesServlet 可能无法正常工作？

【问题标题】：JSF tags not rendering - FacesServlet not working maybe?JSF 标签未呈现 - FacesServlet 可能无法正常工作？
【发布时间】：2012-02-04 13:24:08
【问题描述】：

我刚刚开始使用 JSF 2.0，但一开始我就遇到了一个问题。不解析 JSF 标记。

以下是一些细节。希望有人可以提供帮助，因为没有一个相关的 SO 问题能够解决我的问题。

hello.jsp

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
    xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html"
    xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core"
    xmlns:p="http://primefaces.org/ui">

    <h:head>

    </h:head>

    <h:body>
    <f:view>
        asd
        <h:inputText value="asd" label="UserName"></h:inputText>
    </f:view>
    </h:body>
</html>

导航到http://localhost:8080/JSFDeneme/pages/hello.jsp时看到的内容

只有明文asd

查看http://localhost:8080/JSFDeneme/pages/hello.jsp的源码

和hello.jsp的内容一模一样

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
    xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html"
    xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core"
    xmlns:p="http://primefaces.org/ui">

    <h:head>    
    </h:head>    
    <h:body>
    <f:view>asd
        <h:inputText value="asd" label="UserName"></h:inputText>
        </f:view>
    </h:body>
</html>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
         xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" 
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" 
         id="WebApp_ID" 
         version="3.0">
  <display-name>JSFDeneme</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>hello.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/faces/*</url-pattern>
    <url-pattern>/pages/*</url-pattern>
    <url-pattern>*.jsf</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl.fmt.localizationContext</param-name>
    <param-value>resources.application</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
    <description>State saving method: 'client' or 'server' (=default). See JSF Specification 2.5.2</description>
    <param-name>javax.faces.STATE_SAVING_METHOD</param-name>
    <param-value>client</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
    <description>
    This parameter tells MyFaces if javascript code should be allowed in
    the rendered HTML output.
    If javascript is allowed, command_link anchors will have javascript code
    that submits the corresponding form.
    If javascript is not allowed, the state saving info and nested parameters
    will be added as url parameters.
    Default is 'true'</description>
    <param-name>org.apache.myfaces.ALLOW_JAVASCRIPT</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
    <description>
    If true, rendered HTML code will be formatted, so that it is 'human-readable'
    i.e. additional line separators and whitespace will be written, that do not
    influence the HTML code.
    Default is 'true'</description>
    <param-name>org.apache.myfaces.PRETTY_HTML</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>org.apache.myfaces.DETECT_JAVASCRIPT</param-name>
    <param-value>false</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
    <description>
    If true, a javascript function will be rendered that is able to restore the
    former vertical scroll on every request. Convenient feature if you have pages
    with long lists and you do not want the browser page to always jump to the top
    if you trigger a link or button action that stays on the same page.
    Default is 'false'
</description>
    <param-name>org.apache.myfaces.AUTO_SCROLL</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.apache.myfaces.webapp.StartupServletContextListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
</web-app>

faces-config.xml

<faces-config
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-facesconfig_2_0.xsd"
    version="2.0">
</faces-config>

我在WEB-INF/lib拥有什么

  • JSF 2.0 (Apache Myfaces JSF Core-2.0 API 2.0.2) - Eclipse 下载了
  • jstl-api-1.2.jar
  • jstl-impl-1.2.jar
  • primefaces-3.0 罐子

当我重新启动服务器并导航到页面时，Tomcat 打印到控制台的内容

似乎没有什么奇怪的，也没有提到FacesServlet？

06.Oca.2012 22:26:55 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: C:\glassfish3\jdk\bin;C:\Windows\Sun\Java\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Program Files (x86)\AMD APP\bin\x86_64;C:\Program Files (x86)\AMD APP\bin\x86;C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows Live;C:\apache-ant-1.8.2\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\ATI Technologies\ATI.ACE\Core-Static;C:\Program Files (x86)\QuickTime\QTSystem\;.
06.Oca.2012 22:26:56 org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
WARNING: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:AjaxDenemeleri' did not find a matching property.
06.Oca.2012 22:26:56 org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
WARNING: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:RPGW_RestAPI' did not find a matching property.
06.Oca.2012 22:26:56 org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
WARNING: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:JSFDeneme' did not find a matching property.
06.Oca.2012 22:26:56 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
06.Oca.2012 22:26:56 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
06.Oca.2012 22:26:56 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFO: Initialization processed in 680 ms
06.Oca.2012 22:26:56 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
INFO: Starting service Catalina
06.Oca.2012 22:26:56 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.22
06.Oca.2012 22:26:56 com.sun.jersey.api.core.PackagesResourceConfig init
INFO: Scanning for root resource and provider classes in the packages:
  sample.hello.resources
06.Oca.2012 22:26:56 com.sun.jersey.api.core.ScanningResourceConfig logClasses
INFO: Root resource classes found:
  class sample.hello.resources.HelloResource
  class sample.hello.resources.ContactsResource
06.Oca.2012 22:26:56 com.sun.jersey.api.core.ScanningResourceConfig init
INFO: No provider classes found.
06.Oca.2012 22:26:57 com.sun.jersey.server.impl.application.WebApplicationImpl _initiate
INFO: Initiating Jersey application, version 'Jersey: 1.10 11/02/2011 03:53 PM'
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext addApplicationListener
INFO: The listener "org.apache.myfaces.webapp.StartupServletContextListener" is already configured for this context. The duplicate definition has been ignored.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getBooleanInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.RENDER_CLEAR_JAVASCRIPT_FOR_BUTTON' found, using default value false
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getBooleanInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.RENDER_HIDDEN_FIELDS_FOR_LINK_PARAMS' found, using default value false
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getBooleanInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.SAVE_FORM_SUBMIT_LINK_IE' found, using default value false
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getBooleanInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.READONLY_AS_DISABLED_FOR_SELECTS' found, using default value true
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getBooleanInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.RENDER_VIEWSTATE_ID' found, using default value true
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getBooleanInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.STRICT_XHTML_LINKS' found, using default value true
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getBooleanInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.RENDER_FORM_SUBMIT_SCRIPT_INLINE' found, using default value false
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getLongInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.CONFIG_REFRESH_PERIOD' found, using default value 2
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getBooleanInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.VIEWSTATE_JAVASCRIPT' found, using default value false
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getStringInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.REFRESH_TRANSIENT_BUILD_ON_PSS' found, using default value auto
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getBooleanInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.REFRESH_TRANSIENT_BUILD_ON_PSS_PRESERVE_STATE' found, using default value false
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getBooleanInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.VALIDATE_XML' found, using default value false
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig getBooleanInitParameter
INFO: No context init parameter 'org.apache.myfaces.WRAP_SCRIPT_CONTENT_WITH_XML_COMMENT_TAG' found, using default value true
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.config.MyfacesConfig createAndInitializeMyFacesConfig
INFO: Tomahawk jar not available. Autoscrolling, DetectJavascript, AddResourceClass and CheckExtensionsFilter are disabled now.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator feedStandardConfig
INFO: Reading standard config META-INF/standard-faces-config.xml
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator addClassloaderConfigurations
INFO: Reading config : jar:file:/D:/documents/code/java/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/JSFDeneme/WEB-INF/lib/primefaces-3.0.jar!/META-INF/faces-config.xml
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator getWebAppConfig
INFO: Reading config /WEB-INF/faces-config.xml
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: Starting up MyFaces-package : myfaces-api in version : 2.0.2 from path : file:/D:/documents/code/java/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/JSFDeneme/WEB-INF/lib/myfaces-api-2.0.2.jar
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: Starting up MyFaces-package : myfaces-impl in version : 2.0.2 from path : file:/D:/documents/code/java/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/JSFDeneme/WEB-INF/lib/myfaces-impl-2.0.2.jar
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: MyFaces-package : tomahawk not found.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: MyFaces-package : tomahawk12 not found.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: MyFaces-package : tomahawk-sandbox not found.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: MyFaces-package : tomahawk-sandbox12 not found.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: MyFaces-package : tomahawk-sandbox15 not found.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: MyFaces-package : myfaces-orchestra-core not found.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: MyFaces-package : myfaces-orchestra-core12 not found.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: MyFaces-package : trinidad-api not found.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: MyFaces-package : trinidad-impl not found.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: MyFaces-package : tobago not found.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: MyFaces-package : commons-el not found.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator startLib
INFO: MyFaces-package : jsp-api not found.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.util.ExternalSpecifications isBeanValidationAvailable
INFO: MyFaces Bean Validation support disabled
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.annotation.DefaultAnnotationProvider webClasses
WARNING: AnnotationConfigurator does not found classes for annotations in /WEB-INF/classes/ . This could happen because maven jetty plugin is used (goal jetty:run). Try configure org.apache.myfaces.annotation.SCAN_PACKAGES init parameter or use jetty:run-exploded instead.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.application.ApplicationImpl getProjectStage
INFO: Couldn't discover the current project stage, using Production
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.FacesConfigurator handleSerialFactory
INFO: Serialization provider : class org.apache.myfaces.shared_impl.util.serial.DefaultSerialFactory
06.Oca.2012 22:27:00 org.apache.myfaces.config.annotation.DefaultLifecycleProviderFactory getLifecycleProvider
INFO: Using LifecycleProvider java.lang.String
06.Oca.2012 22:27:01 org.apache.myfaces.webapp.AbstractFacesInitializer initFaces
INFO: ServletContext 'D:\documents\code\java\.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp0\wtpwebapps\JSFDeneme\' initialized.
06.Oca.2012 22:27:01 org.primefaces.webapp.PostConstructApplicationEventListener processEvent
INFO: Running on PrimeFaces 3.0
06.Oca.2012 22:27:01 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
06.Oca.2012 22:27:01 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
06.Oca.2012 22:27:01 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
INFO: Server startup in 4958 ms

任何帮助表示赞赏。

【问题讨论】：

    标签： java eclipse jsf jakarta-ee tomcat


    【解决方案1】：

    hello.jsp

    这不是正确的扩展名。

    自 JSF 2.0 起，JSP is deprecated and replaced by Facelets。 Facelets 是一种基于 XML 的视图技术，应该写在.xhtml 文件中。但是，您似乎已经在 J​​SP 文件中使用了有效的 Facelets 语法。您只需将hello.jsp 重命名为hello.xhtml。

    我还建议将所有 URL 模式替换为单个 URL 模式 *.xhtml。

    <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.xhtml</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

    这样您就可以通过http://localhost:8080/JSFDeneme/hello.xhtml 打开它，而无需摆弄虚拟 URL。

    我不确定您阅读的哪些书籍/教程使您使用 JSP 扩展。也许您正在阅读 JSF 1.x 和 JSF 2.x 目标教程的混合。您需要确保您正在阅读 JSF 2.x 特定教程。在our JSF wiki page 底部可以找到几个 JSF 2.x 教程链接。

    【讨论】：

    • 我将hello.jsp 重命名为hello.xhtml，但是当我导航到http://localhost:8080/JSFDeneme/pages/hello.xhtml 时，我得到Oops! This link appears to be broken. 页面？我应该在哪里导航才能查看该页面？
    • 如果您也替换了 URL 模式，则需要从 URL 中删除 /pages。另请参阅我的答案中的示例 URL。
    • 像一个魅力 BalusC 一样工作！非常感谢。还有 2 个问题，DOCTYPE 你会建议什么？或者你甚至会建议使用一个？其次，我必须使用.xhtml 扩展名吗？我可以使用.do 之类的其他东西或任意东西吗？因为当文件扩展名是.xhtml，而我又加了一个url-mapping，比如.jsf，就不行了。
    • 哦，顺便说一句，是的，我开始阅读您博客上的教程，但后来切换到其他人并把它搞混了......
    • 您可以使用不同的映射，但不应更改源文件扩展名。它必须是.xhtml。否则，您需要更改 javax.faces.DEFAULT_SUFFIX 上下文参数。如果您添加 *.jsf 映射，那么您应该只更改 URL 扩展名。但是，如果在 URL 中使用 .xhtml，只要它没有映射到 *.xhtml，最终用户仍然能够获得原始 XHTML 源代码。因此我的建议。另请参阅stackoverflow.com/a/5676142、stackoverflow.com/a/3512494。至于doctype，请阅读stackoverflow.com/q/2935759。
    【解决方案2】：

    我想，当您调用 .jsp URL 时，您正在通过良好的旧 JSP servlet 呈现页面（您已将 /pages/* URL 映射到 Faces servlet，但 JSP 扩展映射可能优先） .

    您可以尝试将您的页面重命名为 .jsf 并调用它吗？

    【讨论】：

    • 不幸的是，重命名为 .jsf 也不起作用，.xhtml 也不起作用
    • 重命名为.jsf 确实不起作用。默认的 Facelets 后缀是.xhtml。
    • 将文件扩展名重命名为 .jsf 并相应地更改了 url-mappings。我导航到该页面，Eclipse 的控制台发疯了！在无限循环中抛出异常，直到我不得不强制关闭它:)
    【解决方案3】：

    尝试将以下代码放入您的 web.xml 中

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"

    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

<display-name>jsfexample</display-name>

<servlet>

    <servlet-name>faces</servlet-name>

    <servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>

    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>faces</servlet-name>

    <url-pattern>*.xhtml</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

    【讨论】：

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