使用 pip 安装软件包时出现错误 403

Question

使用 pip 安装谷歌应用引擎时出错

Collecting google_appengine
  Downloading google-appengine-1.5.1.tar.gz (897kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 901kB 1.9MB/s 
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/distribute/distribute-0.6.14.tar.gz
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/private/var/folders/88/5jq5gz011sl63h_37k_qftv40000gn/T/pip-build-vxx8Ov/google-appengine/setup.py", line 3, in <module>
        ez_setup.use_setuptools()
      File "/Users/user/path to project/project/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ez_setup.py", line 145, in use_setuptools
        return _do_download(version, download_base, to_dir, download_delay)
      File "/Users/user/path to project/project/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ez_setup.py", line 124, in _do_download
        to_dir, download_delay)
      File "/Users/user/path to project/project/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ez_setup.py", line 193, in download_setuptools
        src = urlopen(url)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 154, in urlopen
        return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 437, in open
        response = meth(req, response)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 550, in http_response
        'http', request, response, code, msg, hdrs)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 475, in error
        return self._call_chain(*args)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 409, in _call_chain
        result = func(*args)
      File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 558, in http_error_default
        raise HTTPError(req.get_full_url(), code, msg, hdrs, fp)
    urllib2.HTTPError: HTTP Error 403: SSL is required

----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /private/var/folders/88/5jq5gz011sl63h_37k_qftv40000gn/T/pip-build-vxx8Ov/google-appengine/`

Answer 1

不幸的是，以前的答案都不适合我。

恕我直言，pip / distutils 选择在 http repos 上破坏包是非常愚蠢的。

我认为更好的选择是：

• pip/distutils 默认使用 https

• 如果出现错误，比如 403，pip 必须提示你“包 repo 在 http，你要下载吗？”

2020 年仍有许多 Python 2 包在 http repos 上；随着他们的决定，这些软件包的安装被破坏了。

---

对我来说可行的解决方案是一个非常简单的 python 核心模块补丁：

--- /usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py.original
+++ /usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py
@@ -427,6 +427,9 @@
             req = meth(req)

         response = self._open(req, data)
+        if protocol == "http" and response.code == 403 :
+            if isinstance(fullurl, basestring) and fullurl.startswith("http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/distribute/") :
+                return    self.open(fullurl.replace("http://", "https://"), data = data, timeout = timeout)

         # post-process response
         meth_name = protocol+"_response"

工作：如果失败的 url 在 http 上，请在 https 上重试。

我知道它有点难看，但它很清楚，你也可以快速恢复到原始模块（复制 /usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py 之前应用此补丁）。

Answer 2

得到错误。 问题出在 pip 尝试安装软件包的仓库中。

Answer 3

这是因为 PyPI 禁用了对 API 的非 HTTPS 访问

https://mail.python.org/pipermail/distutils-sig/2017-October/031712.html

作为解决方法，您可以使用

$ pip install xxxx -i https://pypi.python.org/simple/