当我调整屏幕大小时，为什么我的 CSS 布局会不断中断？

Question

每次练习CSS布局时，每次调整浏览器窗口大小时，站点右侧的屏幕总是被截断，所以会出现一个空白区域，背景为白色。有人可以帮我找出问题所在，这样我就可以永久避免这种情况再次发生吗？这是HTML 代码：

* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  color: #fff;
}

header {
  background: url(http://www.moirmedia.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Backgroundlow.jpg) no-repeat center center/cover;
  background-position: inherit;
  height: 165vh;
}

nav {
  background: black;
  padding: 1.5rem 1rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
}

nav h2 {
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  padding-right: 2rem;
}

nav ul {
  display: flex;
}

nav ul li {
  list-style: none;
  position: relative;
  right: 5rem;
  padding: 0 4rem;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

nav ul li a {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.hero-text {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  flex-direction: column;
  height: 100%;
}

.hero-text h1 {
  font-size: 4rem;
  padding: 1rem;
}

.hero-text p {
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  text-align: justify;
}

<header>
  <nav>
    <h2 class="logo">Logo</h2>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">About</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">Portfolio</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">Services</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
    </ul>
  </nav>
  <div class="hero-text">
    <h1>Banner Text Heading</h1>
    <p>Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum <br> Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum <br> Lorem ipsum</p>
  </div>
</header>

Answer 1

从此替换您的 css 代码

nav ul {
  display: flex;
}

nav ul li {
  list-style: none;
  position: relative;
  right: 5rem;
  padding: 0 4rem;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

换一个

nav ul {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

nav ul li {
  list-style: none;
  position: relative;
  padding: 0 2rem;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

Answer 2

您在nav ul li 上设置的padding 和right 样式将内容推送到父容器之外。使用media queries 添加一些响应式断点将解决您的问题，并让您更好地控制不同屏幕分辨率下的布局。 MDN 有一篇文章Beginner's guide to media queries 提供有关媒体查询的更多信息。

以下是在您的代码中使用媒体查询的示例。请注意每个断点如何指定一个 padding-right 值，您可能需要对其进行调整，以使您的内容符合预期。微调可以是一个过程。我使用来自Typical Device Breakpoints 的断点作为一个很好的起点。

* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  color: #fff;
}

header {
  background: url(http://www.moirmedia.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Backgroundlow.jpg) no-repeat center center/cover;
  background-position: inherit;
  height: 165vh;
  width: 100%;
}

nav {
  background: black;
  padding: 1.5rem 1rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  width: 100%;
}

nav h2 {
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  padding-right: 2rem;
}

nav ul {
  display: flex;
}

nav ul li {
  list-style: none;
  position: relative;
  padding: 0 0.5rem;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

nav ul li a {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.hero-text {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  flex-direction: column;
  height: 100%;
}

.hero-text h1 {
  font-size: 4rem;
  padding: 1rem;
}

.hero-text p {
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  text-align: justify;
}

/* Extra small devices (phones, 600px and down) */
@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {
  nav ul li {
    padding-right: 0.5rem;
  }
}

/* Small devices (portrait tablets and large phones, 600px and up) */
@media only screen and (min-width: 600px) {
  nav ul li {
    padding-right: 0.8rem;
  }
}

/* Medium devices (landscape tablets, 768px and up) */
@media only screen and (min-width: 768px) {
  nav ul li {
    padding-right: 1.8rem;
  }
}

/* Large devices (laptops/desktops, 992px and up) */
@media only screen and (min-width: 992px) {
  nav ul li {
    padding-right: 3rem;
  }
}

/* Extra large devices (large laptops and desktops, 1200px and up) */
@media only screen and (min-width: 1200px) {
  nav ul li {
    right: 5rem;
    padding-right: 4rem;
  }
}

<header>
  <nav>
    <h2 class="logo">Logo</h2>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">About</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">Portfolio</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">Services</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
    </ul>
  </nav>
  <div class="hero-text">
    <h1>Banner Text Heading</h1>
    <p>Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum <br> Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum <br> Lorem ipsum</p>
  </div>
</header>

这是一种替代方法，它使用flexbox 属性（例如justify-content）并将填充放在a 元素上以增加触摸目标的大小，从而提高您网站的可访问性。我建议使用此选项，因为它管理的代码更少，方法更现代，并且可以实现类似的结果。

* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  color: #fff;
}

header {
  background: url(http://www.moirmedia.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Backgroundlow.jpg) no-repeat center center/cover;
  background-position: inherit;
  height: 165vh;
  width: 100%;
}

nav {
  background: black;
  padding: 1.5rem 1rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  width: 100%;
}

nav h2 {
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  padding-right: 2rem;
}

nav ul {
  display: flex;
  flex: 1;
  justify-content: flex-end;
}

nav ul li {
  list-style: none;
  position: relative;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
}

nav ul li a {
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 1rem 0.5rem;
}

nav ul li a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.hero-text {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  flex-direction: column;
  height: 100%;
}

.hero-text h1 {
  font-size: 4rem;
  padding: 1rem;
}

.hero-text p {
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  text-align: justify;
}


/* Medium devices (landscape tablets, 768px and up) */

@media only screen and (min-width: 768px) {
  nav ul {
    justify-content: space-evenly;
  }
  nav ul li a {
    padding: 1rem;
  }
}

<header>
  <nav>
    <h2 class="logo">Logo</h2>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">About</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">Portfolio</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">Services</a></li>
      <li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
    </ul>
  </nav>
  <div class="hero-text">
    <h1>Banner Text Heading</h1>
    <p>Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum <br> Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum Lorem ipsum <br> Lorem ipsum</p>
  </div>
</header>

这两个选项仍然无法将您的所有nav 项目放在移动设备等小屏幕上的一行中。我建议您考虑替代navigation patterns，例如可折叠菜单，甚至只是将您的内容用flex-wrap: wrap; 包装为@Yudiz_Webdesign noted in their answer。