【问题标题】:Canvas image: center wide image and hide overflow画布图像:中心宽图像并隐藏溢出
【发布时间】:2017-12-16 13:22:36
【问题描述】:
我有一个非常宽的图像,超出了大部分的查看宽度,必须使用<canvas> 标记进行渲染。我如何隐藏溢出并将图像居中?
换句话说,我正在寻找等同于background-position: center 的画布。
理想情况下,这将以响应式的方式完成 - 因此,如果调整查看窗口的大小,图像将保持居中。
这是一个例子:
window.onload = function() {
var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
var img = document.getElementById("image");
ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0);
};
.container {
width: 100%;
max-width: 1200px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
canvas {
overflow: hidden;
}
.canvasContainer {
width: 100%;
overflow-x: hidden;
}
img {
display: none;
}
<div class="container">
<div class="canvasContainer">
<img id="image" src="http://via.placeholder.com/2400x800?text=center" />
<canvas id="canvas" width="2400" height="800" />
</div>
</div>
注意:占位符中有文字Center,但目前不可见
【问题讨论】:
标签:
html
css
canvas
responsive
centering
【解决方案1】:
此代码应该可以满足您的需求。
图像宽度应设置为 canvas.width 以避免图像溢出画布。
图像高度现在相对于图像宽度,因此比率保持不变。
我已经包含了一个事件监听器,它会将你的画布/图像调整为窗口的大小。
function init() {
var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas");
var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
var img = document.getElementById("image");
var canHeight = window.innerWidth / 4;
canvas.width = window.innerWidth;
canvas.height = canHeight;
var width = canvas.width;
ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, width, canHeight);
}
init();
window.addEventListener('resize', function() {
canvas.width = window.innerWidth;
canvas.height = window.innerHeight;
init();
});
【解决方案2】:
对于画布,您只需在想要的位置绘制图像。它不会添加滚动条。该示例加载图像并将其在画布上居中。您可以单击以查看缩放到适合的图像(查看所有图像)、填充(查看全高或全宽,以最适合填充画布的为准),然后再次单击以全分辨率居中查看。
const image = new Image();
image.src = "http://via.placeholder.com/2400x800";
image.onload = showImage;
addEventListener("resize",showImageFit)
function drawText(text){
const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
ctx.font = "28px arial";
ctx.textAlign = "center";
ctx.fillText(text,canvas.width / 2, 28);
}
function showImage(){
canvas.width = innerWidth - 8;
canvas.height = innerHeight - 8;
const x = (canvas.width / 2 - image.naturalWidth / 2) | 0;
const y = (canvas.height / 2 - image.naturalHeight / 2) | 0;
canvas.getContext("2d").drawImage(image,x,y);
drawText("Click to scale image to fit");
canvas.onclick = showImageFit;
}
function showImageFit(){
canvas.width = innerWidth - 8;
canvas.height = innerHeight - 8;
const scale = Math.min( canvas.width /image.naturalWidth , canvas.height / image.naturalHeight );
const x = (canvas.width / 2 - (image.naturalWidth / 2) * scale) | 0;
const y = (canvas.height / 2 - (image.naturalHeight / 2) * scale) | 0;
canvas.getContext("2d").drawImage(image,x,y,image.naturalWidth * scale, image.naturalHeight * scale);
drawText("Click to scale image to fill");
canvas.onclick = showImageFill;
}
function showImageFill(){
canvas.width = innerWidth - 8;
canvas.height = innerHeight - 8;
const scale = Math.max( canvas.width /image.naturalWidth , canvas.height / image.naturalHeight );
const x = (canvas.width / 2 - (image.naturalWidth / 2) * scale) | 0;
const y = (canvas.height / 2 - (image.naturalHeight / 2) * scale) | 0;
canvas.getContext("2d").drawImage(image,x,y,image.naturalWidth * scale, image.naturalHeight * scale);
drawText("Click to see image at full resolution and centered");
canvas.onclick = showImage;
}
canvas {
border : 2px solid black;
}
body {
margin : 0px;
}
<canvas id="canvas"></canvas>
【解决方案3】:
感谢您的反馈 - 建议的解决方案可以解决画布问题。
我找到了另一种解决方案,即像对待任何其他超大元素一样对待画布并使用 CSS。
+-------------------------------------------+
| page container |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| canvas |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| |
+-------------------------------------------+
从这里获取的解决方案(和插图):
center oversized image in div
margin-left: 50%;
transform: translateX(-50%);