【发布时间】：2025-11-24 16:35:01
【问题描述】：
以下是 C++/CLI 应用程序的 VS2019 项目文件。目标是将其从 .Net Framework 升级到 .Net Standard 2.0。
在我开始处理整个 log4net 参考之前，它一直在编译和链接 find 与 .Net Core 5.0。换句话说，.Net Core 5.0 并没有尝试将 log4net 接口传递到这个库中，一切都很好。一旦传入，就会出现错误。旧的 log4net 参考已从该项目中撤出，并替换为 .Net Standard 2.0 的参考。现在出现这个错误：
warning MSB3268: The primary reference "log4net" could not be resolved because it has an indirect dependency on the framework assembly "netstandard, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=cc7b13ffcd2ddd51" which could not be resolved in the currently targeted framework. ".NETFramework,Version=v4.0". To resolve this problem, either remove the reference "log4net" or retarget your application to a framework version which contains "netstandard, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=cc7b13ffcd2ddd51".
AFile.h(3): error C2871: 'log4net': a namespace with this name does not exist
我根本没有在项目文件中看到任何对 .Net Framework 或 .Net Standard 的引用。我该如何解决这个问题？
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project DefaultTargets="Build" ToolsVersion="14.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
<ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
<ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32">
<Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
<Platform>Win32</Platform>
</ProjectConfiguration>
<ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32">
<Configuration>Release</Configuration>
<Platform>Win32</Platform>
</ProjectConfiguration>
</ItemGroup>
<PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
<ProjectGuid>{9FAC29B5-62B2-4323-9469-921B467C8433}</ProjectGuid>
<TargetFrameworkVersion>v4.6.2</TargetFrameworkVersion>
<RootNamespace>theCppCliLibraryName</RootNamespace>
<Keyword>ManagedCProj</Keyword>
<WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>8.1</WindowsTargetPlatformVersion>
</PropertyGroup>
<Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />
<PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
<ConfigurationType>DynamicLibrary</ConfigurationType>
<PlatformToolset>v140_xp</PlatformToolset>
<CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
<CLRSupport>true</CLRSupport>
<WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
<ConfigurationType>DynamicLibrary</ConfigurationType>
<PlatformToolset>v140_xp</PlatformToolset>
<CharacterSet>Unicode</CharacterSet>
<CLRSupport>true</CLRSupport>
</PropertyGroup>
<Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props" />
<ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings">
</ImportGroup>
<ImportGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="PropertySheets">
<Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
</ImportGroup>
<ImportGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="PropertySheets">
<Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
</ImportGroup>
<PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
<PropertyGroup>
<_ProjectFileVersion>14.0.25431.1</_ProjectFileVersion>
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
<OutDir>$(SolutionDir)$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
<IntDir>$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
<LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
<LinkKeyFile>theCppCliLibraryName.snk</LinkKeyFile>
</PropertyGroup>
<PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
<OutDir>$(SolutionDir)$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
<IntDir>$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
<LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
<LinkKeyFile>theCppCliLibraryName.snk</LinkKeyFile>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
<ClCompile>
<Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
<AdditionalIncludeDirectories>../../include;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
<PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
<RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreadedDebugDLL</RuntimeLibrary>
<PrecompiledHeader>Use</PrecompiledHeader>
<WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
<DebugInformationFormat>ProgramDatabase</DebugInformationFormat>
</ClCompile>
<Link>
<AdditionalDependencies>LicenseLib2015MDd.lib</AdditionalDependencies>
<AdditionalLibraryDirectories>../../lib;%(AdditionalLibraryDirectories)</AdditionalLibraryDirectories>
<GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
<AssemblyDebug>true</AssemblyDebug>
<RandomizedBaseAddress>false</RandomizedBaseAddress>
<DataExecutionPrevention />
<TargetMachine>MachineX86</TargetMachine>
<Profile>true</Profile>
<SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
</Link>
</ItemDefinitionGroup>
<ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
<ClCompile>
<AdditionalIncludeDirectories>../../include;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
<PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;NDEBUG;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
<RuntimeLibrary>MultiThreadedDLL</RuntimeLibrary>
<PrecompiledHeader>Use</PrecompiledHeader>
<WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
<DebugInformationFormat>ProgramDatabase</DebugInformationFormat>
</ClCompile>
<Link>
<AdditionalDependencies>LicenseLib2015MD.lib</AdditionalDependencies>
<AdditionalLibraryDirectories>../../lib;%(AdditionalLibraryDirectories)</AdditionalLibraryDirectories>
<GenerateDebugInformation>false</GenerateDebugInformation>
<RandomizedBaseAddress>false</RandomizedBaseAddress>
<DataExecutionPrevention />
<TargetMachine>MachineX86</TargetMachine>
<SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
<ShowProgress>LinkVerbose</ShowProgress>
</Link>
</ItemDefinitionGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Reference Include="log4net">
<HintPath>..\3rdPartyLibraries\log4net-2.0.8\bin\net\4.5\release\log4net.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System">
<CopyLocalSatelliteAssemblies>true</CopyLocalSatelliteAssemblies>
<ReferenceOutputAssembly>true</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Data">
<CopyLocalSatelliteAssemblies>true</CopyLocalSatelliteAssemblies>
<ReferenceOutputAssembly>true</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Drawing">
<CopyLocalSatelliteAssemblies>true</CopyLocalSatelliteAssemblies>
<ReferenceOutputAssembly>true</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Windows.Forms">
<CopyLocalSatelliteAssemblies>true</CopyLocalSatelliteAssemblies>
<ReferenceOutputAssembly>true</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System.Xml">
<CopyLocalSatelliteAssemblies>true</CopyLocalSatelliteAssemblies>
<ReferenceOutputAssembly>true</ReferenceOutputAssembly>
</Reference>
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<ClCompile Include="AFile.cpp" />
<ClCompile Include="BFile.cpp" />
<ClCompile Include="Stdafx.cpp">
<PrecompiledHeader Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">Create</PrecompiledHeader>
<PrecompiledHeader Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">Create</PrecompiledHeader>
</ClCompile>
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<ClInclude Include="AFile.h" />
<ClInclude Include="BFile.h">
<FileType>CppForm</FileType>
</ClInclude>
<ClInclude Include="resource.h" />
<ClInclude Include="Stdafx.h" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<ResourceCompile Include="app.rc" />
</ItemGroup>
<Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
<ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
</ImportGroup>
<ProjectExtensions>
<VisualStudio>
<UserProperties Spices_ObfuscationOptions="{Anonymizer=High}{AntiILDASM=CompleteImproved}{Members=Full}" />
</VisualStudio>
</ProjectExtensions>
</Project>
【问题讨论】：
-
TargetFrameworkVersion 至少应为 4.7.2。 140_xp 的 PlatformToolset 没有意义，这在 XP 上不起作用。您需要详细的构建跟踪来弄清楚为什么它认为您的目标是 4.0，请注意 mscorlib.dll 的来源。
标签： visual-studio-2019 c++-cli .net-standard