【问题标题】:python, paramiko, ssh exception ssh session not activepython,paramiko,ssh 异常 ssh 会话未激活
【发布时间】:2015-10-07 06:02:05
【问题描述】:

我正在编写一个 python 脚本,该脚本会连接到我们网络中的每个交换机,并发出一个 copy running-config TFTP 命令,以备份交换机的运行配置。我在 Windows 上并使用 Python 2.7 中的 paramiko 库。

脚本本身非常简单,它所做的只是创建一个名为“Backups”的目录(如果尚不存在)和另一个名为今天日期的目录,然后将该目录用于 TFTP。它会启动 TFTP 服务器。然后它只是通过 ssh 发出复制命令。

我试图克服的这个问题是在 connectSwitch() 期间。特别是在第二个 ssh.exec_command('x.x.x.x') 上。如果您不知道交换机,则复制 running-config tftp 是发送的第一个命令,交换机要求主机,然后发送第二个命令,其中包含主机 IP。第三个命令是您希望文件所在的目录。

import paramiko
import getpass
import os
import time
from datetime import date

paramiko.util.log_to_file("filename.log")

d = date.today()
filename = d.strftime("%Y.%m.%d")

UUser = "first.last"
print UUser
UPass = getpass.getpass('Enter your Password: ')

def writeFile(text, Host):#Writes to the Switches backup File
    fl = open(Host+".txt", 'w')
    fl.write(text)

def openIPs():#Opens the "IPs" file
    fi = open('IPs.txt', 'r')
    content = fi.readlines()
    fi.close()
    print len(content)
    makeDirBackUp()     #Creates "Backup" Dir
    makeDir()           #Creates a Directory based and named on todays date
    for item in content:
        response = os.system("ping -n 1 " +item)
        if response == 0:
            print  item + "PING STATUS: SUCCESS"
            print "BACKING UP CONFIG..."
            connectSwitch(UUser, UPass, item.strip('\n'))   #SSH connection to Switch
        else:
        print item + "PING STATUS: FAIL"

def makeDir():#Creates a Directory based and named on todays date
    if not os.path.exists(filename):
        os.makedirs(filename)
    os.chdir(filename)

def makeDirBackUp():#Creates "Backup" Dir
    if not os.path.exists("Backups"):
        os.makedirs("Backups")
    os.chdir("Backups")

def connectSwitch(UUser, UPass, Host):#SSH connection to Switch
    ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
    ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
    ssh.connect(Host, port=22, username=UUser, password=UPass)
    print "Command #1"
    sendtoCRT = 'copy running-config tftp'

    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(sendtoCRT)
    print "Command #1 sent"
    print sendtoCRT
    time.sleep(1)
    print "readlines for Command #1"


    print "Command #2"
    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('10.10.10.10')
    time.sleep(1)
    print "Command #2 Sent"

    print "Command #3"
    stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('Backups/'+filename+'/'+Host)
    time.sleep(1)
    print "Command #3 Sent"



def startTFTP():
    sendToOS="tftpd32.exe"
    exe1 = os.system(sendToOS)
    sendToOS='\n'
    exe = os.system(sendToOS)
    exe = os.system(sendToOS)

startTFTP()
openIPs()

我的错误发生在下面的 connectSwitch() 中。

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\first.last\Documents\Backups\paramikoConnect.py", line 98, in <module> openIPs()
  File "C:\Users\first.last\Documents\Backups\paramikoConnect.py", line 32, in openIPs connectSwitch(UUser, UPass, item.strip('\n'))   #SSH connection to Switch
  File "C:\Users\first.last\Documents\Backups\paramikoConnect.py", line 68, in connectSwitch stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('138.86.51.189')
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\paramiko-1.15.2-py2.7.egg\paramiko\client.py", line 341, in exec_command chan = self._transport.open_session()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\paramiko-1.15.2-py2.7.egg\paramiko\transport.py", line 615, in open_session max_packet_size=max_packet_size)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\paramiko-1.15.2-py2.7.egg\paramiko\transport.py", line 696, in open_channel raise SSHException('SSH session not active')
paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: SSH session not active

任何人对此都有任何想法。我在 paramiko 中找不到太多关于错误文档的信息,所以如果有人知道在哪里可以找到它,请滞后。 net/paramiko/docs/ 好像前段时间下线了。

但即使使用https://web.archive.org/web/20140425222451/http://www.lag.net/paramiko/docs/,这里似乎也没什么。

非常感谢你们!

编辑:将第一个“sendtoCRT”更改为不再包含 :\,因为在三个步骤中执行命令时不需要它。然而,这似乎也改变了我的错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\first.last\Documents\Backups\paramikoConnect.py", line 98,in <module> openIPs()
  File "C:\Users\first.last\Documents\Backups\paramikoConnect.py", line 32, in openIPs connectSwitch(UUser, UPass, item.strip('\n'))   #SSH connection to Switch
  File "C:\Users\first.last\Documents\Backups\paramikoConnect.py", line 68, in connectSwitch stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('138.86.51.189')
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\paramiko-1.15.2-py2.7.egg\paramiko\client.py", line 341, in exec_command chan = self._transport.open_session()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\paramiko-1.15.2-py2.7.egg\paramiko\transport.py", line 615, in open_session max_packet_size=max_packet_size)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\paramiko-1.15.2-py2.7.egg\paramiko\transport.py", line 740, in open_channel raise e
paramiko.ssh_exception.ChannelException: (4, 'Resource shortage')

我还发现了更多文档。

http://docs.paramiko.org/en/1.15/api/ssh_exception.html

【问题讨论】:

    标签: python-2.7 networking ssh paramiko


    【解决方案1】:

    好的,伙计们,我不明白为什么会出现这些错误。但我确实找到了解决办法。创建 SSHClient 后,使用 connect,您可以 Invoke_Shell,它会打开一个通道,您通过它发送内容后它不会关闭,这很棒。下面是我更新的 connectSwitch 代码,它利用了这项工作。

    def connectSwitch(UUser, UPass, Host):#SSH connection to Switch
        ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
        ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
        ssh.connect(Host, port=22, username=UUser, password=UPass)
        print "\n\nNewInvoke Shell\n"
    
        chan = ssh.invoke_shell()
        resp = chan.recv(9999)
        print resp
    
        print chan.send_ready()
        chan.send('copy running-config tftp\n')
        time.sleep(3)
        resp = chan.recv(9999)
        print resp
    
        chan.send('138.86.51.189\n')
        time.sleep(3)
        resp = chan.recv(9999)
        print resp
    
    
        chan.send('Backups/'+filename+'/'+Host+'\n')
        time.sleep(3)
        resp = chan.recv(9999)
        print resp
        print"\nEnd invoke Shell\n\n"
    

    【讨论】:

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