如何在 node.js 中移动文件？

Question

如何在 node.js 上移动文件（如 mv 命令外壳）？有什么方法吗？或者我应该读取文件，写入新文件并删除旧文件？

Answer 1

根据 seppo0010 的评论，我使用了重命名功能来做到这一点。

http://nodejs.org/docs/latest/api/fs.html#fs_fs_rename_oldpath_newpath_callback

fs.rename(oldPath, newPath, callback)

添加于：v0.0.2

oldPath <String> | <Buffer>
newPath <String> | <Buffer>
callback <Function>

异步重命名(2)。除了可能的例外，没有其他参数 给完成回调。

Answer 2

原生使用 nodejs

var fs = require('fs')

var oldPath = 'old/path/file.txt'
var newPath = 'new/path/file.txt'

fs.rename(oldPath, newPath, function (err) {
  if (err) throw err
  console.log('Successfully renamed - AKA moved!')
})

（注意：“如果您跨越分区或使用不支持移动文件的虚拟文件系统，这将不起作用。[...]” – Flavien Volken 2015 年 9 月 2 日 12:50 ")

Answer 3

本例取自：Node.js in Action

一个 move() 函数，如果可能的话，它会重命名或回退到复制

var fs = require('fs');

module.exports = function move(oldPath, newPath, callback) {

    fs.rename(oldPath, newPath, function (err) {
        if (err) {
            if (err.code === 'EXDEV') {
                copy();
            } else {
                callback(err);
            }
            return;
        }
        callback();
    });

    function copy() {
        var readStream = fs.createReadStream(oldPath);
        var writeStream = fs.createWriteStream(newPath);

        readStream.on('error', callback);
        writeStream.on('error', callback);

        readStream.on('close', function () {
            fs.unlink(oldPath, callback);
        });

        readStream.pipe(writeStream);
    }
}

Answer 4

使用mv 节点模块，该模块将首先尝试执行fs.rename，然后回退到复制然后取消链接。

Answer 5

util.pump 在节点 0.10 中已弃用并生成警告消息

 util.pump() is deprecated. Use readableStream.pipe() instead

所以使用流复制文件的解决方案是：

var source = fs.createReadStream('/path/to/source');
var dest = fs.createWriteStream('/path/to/dest');

source.pipe(dest);
source.on('end', function() { /* copied */ });
source.on('error', function(err) { /* error */ });

Answer 6

fs-extra 模块允许您使用它的move() 方法来执行此操作。我已经实现了它，如果您想将文件从一个目录完全移动到另一个目录，它会很好地工作 - 即。从源目录中删除文件。应该适用于大多数基本情况。

var fs = require('fs-extra')

fs.move('/tmp/somefile', '/tmp/does/not/exist/yet/somefile', function (err) {
 if (err) return console.error(err)
 console.log("success!")
})

Answer 7

对高于 8.0.0 的 Node 版本使用 Promise：

const {promisify} = require('util');
const fs = require('fs');
const {join} = require('path');
const mv = promisify(fs.rename);

const moveThem = async () => {
  // Move file ./bar/foo.js to ./baz/qux.js
  const original = join(__dirname, 'bar/foo.js');
  const target = join(__dirname, 'baz/qux.js'); 
  await mv(original, target);
}

moveThem();

Answer 8

使用重命名功能：

fs.rename(getFileName, __dirname + '/new_folder/' + getFileName); 

在哪里

getFilename = file.extension (old path)
__dirname + '/new_folder/' + getFileName

假设您希望保持文件名不变。

Answer 9

这是一个使用 util.pump 的示例，来自 >> How do I move file a to a different partition or device in Node.js?

var fs = require('fs'),
    util = require('util');

var is = fs.createReadStream('source_file')
var os = fs.createWriteStream('destination_file');

util.pump(is, os, function() {
    fs.unlinkSync('source_file');
});

Answer 10

正如answer above 中所述，只需我的 2 美分：copy() 方法不应该在没有轻微调整的情况下按原样用于复制文件：

function copy(callback) {
    var readStream = fs.createReadStream(oldPath);
    var writeStream = fs.createWriteStream(newPath);

    readStream.on('error', callback);
    writeStream.on('error', callback);

    // Do not callback() upon "close" event on the readStream
    // readStream.on('close', function () {
    // Do instead upon "close" on the writeStream
    writeStream.on('close', function () {
        callback();
    });

    readStream.pipe(writeStream);
}

包装在 Promise 中的复制函数：

function copy(oldPath, newPath) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    const readStream = fs.createReadStream(oldPath);
    const writeStream = fs.createWriteStream(newPath);

    readStream.on('error', err => reject(err));
    writeStream.on('error', err => reject(err));

    writeStream.on('close', function() {
      resolve();
    });

    readStream.pipe(writeStream);
  })

但是，请记住，如果目标文件夹不存在，文件系统可能会崩溃。

Answer 11

我会将所有涉及的功能（即rename、copy、unlink）彼此分开，以获得灵活性并承诺一切，当然：

const renameFile = (path, newPath) => 
  new Promise((res, rej) => {
    fs.rename(path, newPath, (err, data) =>
      err
        ? rej(err)
        : res(data));
  });

const copyFile = (path, newPath, flags) =>
  new Promise((res, rej) => {
    const readStream = fs.createReadStream(path),
      writeStream = fs.createWriteStream(newPath, {flags});

    readStream.on("error", rej);
    writeStream.on("error", rej);
    writeStream.on("finish", res);
    readStream.pipe(writeStream);
  });

const unlinkFile = path => 
  new Promise((res, rej) => {
    fs.unlink(path, (err, data) =>
      err
        ? rej(err)
        : res(data));
  });

const moveFile = (path, newPath, flags) =>
  renameFile(path, newPath)
    .catch(e => {
      if (e.code !== "EXDEV")
        throw new e;

      else
        return copyFile(path, newPath, flags)
          .then(() => unlinkFile(path));
    });

moveFile 只是一个便利函数，我们可以单独应用这些函数，例如，当我们需要更细粒度的异常处理时。

Answer 12

Shelljs 是一个非常方便的解决方案。

命令： mv([options ,] 源, 目的地)

可用选项：

-f: 强制（默认行为）

-n：防止覆盖

const shell = require('shelljs');
const status = shell.mv('README.md', '/home/my-dir');
if(status.stderr)  console.log(status.stderr);
else console.log('File moved!');

Answer 13

这是teoman shipahi's answer 的重新散列，名称稍微不那么含糊，并遵循在尝试调用它之前定义代码的设计原则。 （虽然节点允许您做其他事情，但本末倒置并不是一个好习惯。）

function rename_or_copy_and_delete (oldPath, newPath, callback) {

    function copy_and_delete () {
        var readStream = fs.createReadStream(oldPath);
        var writeStream = fs.createWriteStream(newPath);

        readStream.on('error', callback);
        writeStream.on('error', callback);
        readStream.on('close', 
              function () {
                fs.unlink(oldPath, callback);
              }
        );

        readStream.pipe(writeStream);
    }

    fs.rename(oldPath, newPath, 
        function (err) {
          if (err) {
              if (err.code === 'EXDEV') {
                  copy_and_delete();
              } else {
                  callback(err);
              }
              return;// << both cases (err/copy_and_delete)
          }
          callback();
        }
    );
}

Answer 14

借助以下 URL，您可以将文件当前源复制或移动到目标源

https://coursesweb.net/nodejs/move-copy-file

/*********Moves the $file to $dir2 Start *********/
var moveFile = (file, dir2)=>{
  //include the fs, path modules
  var fs = require('fs');
  var path = require('path');

  //gets file name and adds it to dir2
  var f = path.basename(file);
  var dest = path.resolve(dir2, f);

  fs.rename(file, dest, (err)=>{
    if(err) throw err;
    else console.log('Successfully moved');
  });
};

//move file1.htm from 'test/' to 'test/dir_1/'
moveFile('./test/file1.htm', './test/dir_1/');
/*********Moves the $file to $dir2 END *********/

/*********copy the $file to $dir2 Start *********/
var copyFile = (file, dir2)=>{
  //include the fs, path modules
  var fs = require('fs');
  var path = require('path');

  //gets file name and adds it to dir2
  var f = path.basename(file);
  var source = fs.createReadStream(file);
  var dest = fs.createWriteStream(path.resolve(dir2, f));

  source.pipe(dest);
  source.on('end', function() { console.log('Succesfully copied'); });
  source.on('error', function(err) { console.log(err); });
};

//example, copy file1.htm from 'test/dir_1/' to 'test/'
copyFile('./test/dir_1/file1.htm', './test/');
/*********copy the $file to $dir2 END *********/

Answer 15

如果您尝试移动或重命名 node.js 源文件，请尝试此https://github.com/viruschidai/node-mv。它将更新所有其他文件中对该文件的引用。

Answer 16

Node.js v10.0.0+

const fs = require('fs')
const { promisify } = require('util')
const pipeline = promisify(require('stream').pipeline)

await pipeline(
  fs.createReadStream('source/file/path'),
  fs.createWriteStream('destination/file/path')
).catch(err => {
  // error handling
})
fs.unlink('source/file/path')