内存缓慢攀升，直到 GPU 崩溃

Question

我正在使用着色器显示粒子云网格。每次用户单击云时，该云就会消失，而新的云会取而代之。奇怪的是，每次新云替换旧云时，GPU 中的内存使用量都会攀升 - 无论新云是更大还是更小（并且缓冲区大小始终保持不变 - 未使用的点只是简单地显示在屏幕外没有颜色）。少于 10 次点击后，GPU 会耗尽并崩溃。

这是我的物理着色器，其中更新了新位置 - 我通过更新 tOffsets 纹理中的某些值来传递新云的新位置值。之后是我的两个（垂直和碎片）视觉效果着色器。你能看到我的效率问题吗？或者这可能是垃圾收集问题？ - 提前致谢！

物理着色器（仅限片段）：

// Physics shader: This shader handles the calculations to move the various points. The position values are rendered out to at texture that is passed to the next pair of shaders that add the sprites and opacity.

// the tPositions sampler is added to this shader by Three.js's GPUCompute script
uniform sampler2D tOffsets; 
uniform sampler2D tGridPositionsAndSeeds;
uniform sampler2D tSelectionFactors;
uniform float uPerMotifBufferDimension;
uniform float uTime;
uniform float uXOffW;

...noise functions omitted for brevity...

void main() {

        vec2 uv = gl_FragCoord.xy / resolution.xy;

        vec4 offsets = texture2D( tOffsets, uv ).xyzw;
        float alphaMass = offsets.z;
        float cellIndex = offsets.w;


        if (cellIndex >= 0.0) { // this point will be rendered on screen

            float damping = 0.98;

            float texelSize = 1.0 / uPerMotifBufferDimension;
            vec2 perMotifUV = vec2( mod(cellIndex, uPerMotifBufferDimension)*texelSize, floor(cellIndex / uPerMotifBufferDimension)*texelSize );
            perMotifUV += vec2(0.5*texelSize);

            vec4 selectionFactors = texture2D( tSelectionFactors, perMotifUV ).xyzw;
            float swapState = selectionFactors.x;
            vec4 gridPosition = texture2D( tGridPositionsAndSeeds, perMotifUV ).xyzw;
            vec2 noiseSeed = gridPosition.zw;
            vec4 nowPos;
            vec2 velocity;

            nowPos = texture2D( tPositions, uv ).xyzw;
            velocity = vec2(nowPos.z, nowPos.w);

            if ( swapState == 0.0 ) { // if no new position values are ready to be swapped in for this point
                nowPos = texture2D( tPositions, uv ).xyzw;
                velocity = vec2(nowPos.z, nowPos.w);
            } else { // if swapState == 1, this means new position values are ready to be swapped in for this point
                nowPos = vec4( -(uTime) + offsets.x, offsets.y, 0.0, 0.0 );
                velocity = vec2(0.0, 0.0);
            }

            ...physics calculations omitted for brevity...

            vec2 newPosition = vec2(nowPos.x - velocity.x, nowPos.y - velocity.y);

            // Write new position out to a texture for processing in the visual effects shader
            gl_FragColor = vec4(newPosition.x, newPosition.y, velocity.x, velocity.y);

        } else { // this point will not be rendered on screen
            // Write new position out off screen (all -1 cellIndexes have off-screen offset values)
            gl_FragColor = vec4( offsets.x, offsets.y, 0.0, 0.0);
        }

从物理着色器中，tPositions 纹理与点的新运动被渲染出来并传递给视觉效果着色器：

视觉效果着色器（垂直）：

uniform sampler2D tPositions; // passed in from the Physics Shader
uniform sampler2D tSelectionFactors;
uniform float uPerMotifBufferDimension;
uniform sampler2D uTextureSheet;
uniform float uPointSize;
uniform float uTextureCoordSizeX;
uniform float uTextureCoordSizeY;

attribute float aTextureIndex;
attribute float aAlpha;
attribute float aCellIndex;

varying float vCellIndex;
varying vec2 vTextureCoords;
varying vec2 vTextureSize;
varying float vAlpha;
varying vec3 vColor;

...omitted noise functions for brevity...

void main() {

        vec4 tmpPos = texture2D( tPositions, position.xy );
        vec2 pos = tmpPos.xy;
        vec2 vel = tmpPos.zw;

        vCellIndex = aCellIndex;

        if (vCellIndex >= 0.0) { // this point will be rendered onscreen

            float texelSize = 1.0 / uPerMotifBufferDimension;
            vec2 perMotifUV = vec2( mod(aCellIndex, uPerMotifBufferDimension)*texelSize, floor(aCellIndex / uPerMotifBufferDimension)*texelSize );
            perMotifUV += vec2(0.5*texelSize);

            vec4 selectionFactors = texture2D( tSelectionFactors, perMotifUV ).xyzw;
            float aSelectedMotif = selectionFactors.x;
            float aColor = selectionFactors.y;
            float fadeFactor = selectionFactors.z;

            vTextureCoords = vec2( aTextureIndex * uTextureCoordSizeX, 0 );
            vTextureSize = vec2( uTextureCoordSizeX, uTextureCoordSizeY );

            vAlpha = aAlpha * fadeFactor;

            vColor = vec3( 1.0, aColor, 1.0 );

            gl_PointSize = uPointSize;

        } else { // this point will not be rendered onscreen
            vAlpha = 0.0;
            vColor = vec3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
            gl_PointSize = 0.0;
        }
        gl_Position = projectionMatrix * modelViewMatrix * vec4( pos.x, pos.y, position.z, 1.0 );
    }

视觉效果着色器（片段）：

uniform sampler2D tPositions;
    uniform sampler2D uTextureSheet;

    varying float vCellIndex;
    varying vec2 vTextureCoords;
    varying vec2 vTextureSize;
    varying float vAlpha;
    varying vec3 vColor;

    void main() {
        gl_FragColor = vec4( vColor, vAlpha );

        if (vCellIndex >= 0.0) { // this point will be rendered onscreen, so add the texture
            vec2 realTexCoord = vTextureCoords + ( gl_PointCoord * vTextureSize );
            gl_FragColor = gl_FragColor * texture2D( uTextureSheet, realTexCoord );
        }
    }

Answer 1

感谢上面@Blindman67 的评论，我解决了这个问题。它与着色器无关。在 Javascript (Three.js) 中，我需要在添加更新的纹理之前通知 GPU 删除旧纹理。

每次我更新纹理（我的大部分是 DataTextures）时，我都需要在创建和更新新纹理之前对现有纹理调用 dispose()，如下所示：

var textureHandle; // holds a reference to the current texture uniform value

textureHandle.dispose(); // ** deallocates GPU memory **
textureHandle = new THREE.DataTexture( textureData, dimension, dimension, THREE.RGBAFormat, THREE.FloatType );
textureHandle.needsUpdate = true;
uniforms.textureHandle.value = textureHandle;