如何在 Spock 中创建通用 CRUD 控制器测试

Question

是否可以在 Spock 中为 Spring 控制器创建通用单元测试？我在 Spring Boot 中有一个抽象控制器，它由一些特定的控制器扩展。结果是每个控制器都有相同的 CRUD 实现。所以，现在我想为这些控制器创建类似的单元测试，但我不能在 Spock 测试中使用构造函数。我得到错误

CrudControllerTest.groovy
Error:(16, 5) Groovyc: Constructors are not allowed; instead, define a 'setup()' or 'setupSpec()' method
IngredientControllerTest.groovy
Error:(7, 5) Groovyc: Constructors are not allowed; instead, define a 'setup()' or 'setupSpec()' method

以下代码

abstract class CrudControllerTest<T, R extends JpaRepository<T, Long>, C extends CrudController<T,R>> extends Specification {
    private String endpoint
    private def repository
    private def controller
    private MockMvc mockMvc
 
    CrudControllerTest(def endpoint, R repository, C controller) {
        this.endpoint = endpoint
        this.repository = repository
        this.controller = controller
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controller).build()
    }
 
    def "Should get 404 when product does not exists"() {
        given:
        repository.findById(1) >> Optional.empty()
        when:
        def response = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(endpoint + '/1')).andReturn().response
        then:
        response.status == HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value()
    }
}
 
class IngredientControllerTest extends CrudControllerTest<Ingredient, IngredientRepository, IngredientController> {
    
    IngredientControllerTest() {
        def repository = Mock(IngredientRepository)
        super("/ingredients", repository, new IngredientController(Mock(repository)))
    }
}

这里还有其他方法可以在 Spock 中实现通用单元测试吗？

Answer 1

Specifications 不能使用构造函数，而是可以使用模板方法模式。使用单独的方法：

abstract class CrudControllerTest extends Specification {
    private String endpoint
    private def repository
    private def controller
    private MockMvc mockMvc
 
    def setup() {
        endpoint = createEndpoint()
        repository = createRepository()
        controller = createController()
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controller).build()
    }
    
    abstract createEndpoint()
    abstract createRepository()
    abstract createController()
 
    def "Should get 404 when product does not exists"() {
        given:
        repository.findById(1) >> Optional.empty()
        when:
        def response = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(endpoint + '/1')).andReturn().response
        then:
        response.status == HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value()
    }
}
 
class IngredientControllerTest extends CrudControllerTest<Ingredient, IngredientRepository, IngredientController> {
    
    def createEndpoint() {
        "/ingredients"
    }
    def createRepository {
        Mock(IngredientRepository)
    }
    def createController() {
        new IngredientController(repository)
    }
}

或者使用返回所有内容的方法，这会更好一些，因为您的某些值需要引用另一个值：

abstract class CrudControllerTest extends Specification {
    private String endpoint
    private def repository
    private def controller
    private MockMvc mockMvc
 
    def setup() {
        (endpoint, repository, controller) = createSut()
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controller).build()
    }
    
    abstract createSut()
 
    def "Should get 404 when product does not exists"() {
        given:
        repository.findById(1) >> Optional.empty()
        when:
        def response = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(endpoint + '/1')).andReturn().response
        then:
        response.status == HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value()
    }
}
 
class IngredientControllerTest extends CrudControllerTest<Ingredient, IngredientRepository, IngredientController> {
    
    def createSut() {
        def repo = Mock(IngredientRepository)
        ["/ingredients", repo, new IngredientController(repository)]
    }
}