Spring没有在测试中调用@Bean方法

Question

我有一个存储库MyRepository，它是一个@Repository。这个存储库由我的一个休息控制器使用。我要测试的是我的休息控制器的授权是否正常工作，因此我的测试使用@WithUserDetails。我想通过关注this tutorial 来模拟对MyRepository 的调用。当我运行我的测试时，我得到一个异常说：

org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.MissingMethodInvocationException: 
when() requires an argument which has to be 'a method call on a mock'.
For example:
    when(mock.getArticles()).thenReturn(articles);

Also, this error might show up because:
1. you stub either of: final/private/equals()/hashCode() methods.
   Those methods *cannot* be stubbed/verified.
   Mocking methods declared on non-public parent classes is not supported.
2. inside when() you don't call method on mock but on some other object.

通过一些调试，我发现我的MockConfig#myRepository 方法没有被调用。

src/main/java/com.example

我的仓库

@Repository
interface MyRepository extends CrudRepository<MyEntity, Long> {}

src/test/java/com.example

模拟配置

@Profile("test")
@Configuration
public class MockConfig
{
    @Bean
    @Primary
    public MyRepository myRepository()
    {
        return Mockito.mock(MyRepository.class);
    }
}

我的测试类

@ActiveProfiles("test")
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT, classes = Application.class)
@TestExecutionListeners({
    DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class
})
class MyTestClass
{
    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mvc;

    @Autowired
    private MyRepository myRepository;

    @Test
    @WithUserDetails("some_user")
    public void testWithCorrectPermissions()
    {
        long entityId = 1;

        MyEntity mockReturnValue = new MyEntity();
        Mockito.when(myRepository.findOne(entityId)).thenReturn(mockReturnValue);
        Mockito.when(myRepository.save(mockReturnValue)).thenReturn(mockReturnValue);

        this.mockMvc.perform(post("my/api/path")).andExpect(status().isOk());
    }
}

Answer 1

尝试How to exclude a @Repository from component scan when using Spring Data Rest中提出的解决方案

将以下注释添加到您的测试类

@EnableJpaRepositories(excludeFilters = {@ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ASSIGNABLE_TYPE, classes = {MyRepository.class})})
class MyTestClass
(...)

Answer 2

如果你想为你的测试类模拟依赖项（例如存储库），我建议你使用 MockitoJUnitRunner.class 因为 SpringRunner.class 将初始化 Spring 应用程序内容，这将导致测试更慢而且更多所需的依赖项取决于您的项目配置。

所以，对于你的 MyTestClass

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class MyTestClass{
    @Mock
    private MyRepository myRepository;

    private MyTest myTest;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
       myTest = new MyTest(myRepository);
    }

    @Test
    public void test(){
        ...
        when(myRepository.get(anyInt()).thenReturn(new MyEntity());
        ...
    }

有一些参考here。

如果您坚持使用当前实现进行测试，则可能是 MyRepository 被 Spring Data 扫描并且 bean 被它初始化。您可能希望按照 user2456718 的建议禁用组件扫描。