Spring Boot 应用程序无法初始化类 org.apache.logging.log4j.util.PropertiesUtil

Question

我正在尝试按照"Building a RESTful Web Service" 使用spring boot、gradle 和tomcat 来实现hello world web 应用程序，但一直无法运行让它运行至今。

代码与网站上提供的代码几乎相同，我浪费了数小时调试它，以为提供的代码中存在错误，但我仍然无法找出问题所在。

我正在使用面向 Web 开发人员的 Eclipse Java EE IDE，版本：Neon.3 Release (4.6.3)，内部版本 ID：20170314-1500

知道可能是什么问题吗？

build.gradle

buildscript {
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:2.0.2.RELEASE")
    }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'idea'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
apply plugin: 'io.spring.dependency-management'

bootJar {
    baseName = 'gs-rest-service'
    version =  '0.1.0'
}

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

sourceCompatibility = 1.8
targetCompatibility = 1.8

dependencies {
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")
    testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}

Greeting.java

package App;

public class Greeting {

    private final long id;
    private final String content;

    public Greeting(long id, String content) {
        this.id = id;
        this.content = content;
    }

    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }
}

GreetingController.java

package App;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class GreetingController {

    private static final String template = "Hello, %s!";
    private final AtomicLong counter = new AtomicLong();

    @RequestMapping("/greeting")
    public Greeting greeting(@RequestParam(value="name", defaultValue="World") String name) {
        return new Greeting(counter.incrementAndGet(),
                            String.format(template, name));
    }
}

Application.java

package App;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.getProperties().put("server.port", 8486);
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

堆栈跟踪

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.logging.log4j.util.PropertiesUtil
    at org.apache.logging.log4j.status.StatusLogger.<clinit>(StatusLogger.java:71)
    at org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.<clinit>(LogManager.java:60)
    at org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory$Log4jLog.<clinit>(LogFactory.java:199)
    at org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory$Log4jDelegate.createLog(LogFactory.java:166)
    at org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory.getLog(LogFactory.java:109)
    at org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory.getLog(LogFactory.java:99)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.<clinit>(SpringApplication.java:198)
    at App.Application.main(Application.java:9)

Answer 1

使用授权管理器时，此消息也可能是catalina.policy 或security.policy (-Djava.security.policy) 中缺少授权（或文件）的结果。

例如添加：

grant codeBase "file:${catalina.base}/webapps/${APPLICATION_NAME}/-" {
    permission java.security.AllPermission;
};

Answer 2

显然使用System.getProperties().put("server.port", 8486); 设置端口号NoClassDefFoundError 异常。

但是，在资源文件夹中创建 @Nitishkumar Singh 提到的 application.properties 文件以指定要使用的端口号解决了该问题。

Answer 3

添加这个依赖：

compile group: 'org.apache.logging.log4j', name: 'log4j-core', version: '2.11.0'

然后再试一次。

Answer 4

无法初始化类 org.apache.logging.log4j.util.PropertiesUtil。 我遇到了和你一样的问题。始终使用 Jenkins 自动部署到 Tomcat。可能有些 jar 不排除依赖 'org.apache.logging.log4j'。但是 springboot 2.0.1.RELEASE 默认使用 logback。在 org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer 上：

public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        this.logger = LogFactory.getLog(this.getClass());
        WebApplicationContext rootAppContext = this.createRootApplicationContext(servletContext);
        if (rootAppContext != null) {
            servletContext.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(rootAppContext) {
                public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
                }
            });
        } else {
            this.logger.debug("No ContextLoaderListener registered, as createRootApplicationContext() did not return an application context");
        }

    }

     public static Log getLog(String name) {
        switch(logApi) {
        case LOG4J:
            return LogFactory.Log4jDelegate.createLog(name);
        case SLF4J_LAL:
            return LogFactory.Slf4jDelegate.createLocationAwareLog(name);
        case SLF4J:
            return LogFactory.Slf4jDelegate.createLog(name);
        default:
            return LogFactory.JavaUtilDelegate.createLog(name);
        }
    }