从 Hibernate 3 迁移到 4 会减慢启动速度

Question

我们正在尝试将我们的项目从休眠 3 迁移到休眠 4。一切正常，但问题在于启动。

我们不使用JPA，我们直接使用带有xml文件和映射文件的hibernate。

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>

        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.informix.jdbc.IfxDriver</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:informix-sqli://xxx:xxx/xxx:INFORMIXSERVER=xxx</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">xxx</property>
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">xxx</property>
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.InformixDialect</property>
        <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hibernate.show_sql">false</property>        


        <property name="generated.mappingFile">dev.xml</property>
   </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

generated.mappingFile 属性是自己的属性。启动时将加载文件 (dev.xml)。该文件如下所示：

        <mapping resource="de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/aart/Aart_DEV.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/abteilung/Abteilung_DEV.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/adr/Adr_DEV.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/adraesort/Adraesort_DEV.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/adrakte/Adrakte_DEV.hbm.xml" />
        ...
        <mapping resource="de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/zollanmtxt/Zollanmtxt_DEV.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/sstbasis/Sstbasis_DEV.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/sststruktur/Sststruktur_DEV.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/ssthandler/Ssthandler_DEV.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/sstproperty/Sstproperty_DEV.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/sstprophandler/Sstprophandler_DEV.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/sstneustart/Sstneustart_DEV.hbm.xml" />

我们减少了这篇文章中的映射数量。目前我们确实有超过 500 个映射。

使用 hibernate 3 需要 2 秒来加载所有映射。 hibernate 4 需要 2 多分钟。

这是来自 hibernate 3.2.GA 的日志文件：

     07:36:21,293 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Verwende Mapping-Collection Datei : /com/cargosoft/csedi/data/mappings_dev.xml
     07:36:21,347 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  com/cargosoft/csedi/data/aart/Aart_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:36:21,443 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  com/cargosoft/csedi/data/abteilung/Abteilung_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:36:21,458 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  com/cargosoft/csedi/data/adr/Adr_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:36:21,495 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  com/cargosoft/csedi/data/adraesort/Adraesort_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:36:21,523 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  com/cargosoft/csedi/data/adrakte/Adrakte_DEV.hbm.xml
     ...
     07:36:23,475 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  com/cargosoft/csedi/data/zollanmtxt/Zollanmtxt_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:36:23,477 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  com/cargosoft/csedi/data/sstbasis/Sstbasis_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:36:23,479 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  com/cargosoft/csedi/data/sststruktur/Sststruktur_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:36:23,481 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  com/cargosoft/csedi/data/ssthandler/Ssthandler_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:36:23,482 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  com/cargosoft/csedi/data/sstproperty/Sstproperty_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:36:23,484 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  com/cargosoft/csedi/data/sstprophandler/Sstprophandler_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:36:23,486 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  com/cargosoft/csedi/data/sstneustart/Sstneustart_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:36:23,488 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Create new SessionFactory for: jdbc:informix-sqli://...

使用休眠 4.3.8-Final：

     07:38:04,749 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Verwende Mapping-Collection Datei : /de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/mappings_dev.xml
     07:38:04,824 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/aart/Aart_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:38:05,249 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/abteilung/Abteilung_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:38:05,527 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/adr/Adr_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:38:05,792 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/adraesort/Adraesort_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:38:06,077 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/adrakte/Adrakte_DEV.hbm.xml
     ...
     07:40:14,119 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/zollanmtxt/Zollanmtxt_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:40:14,499 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/sstbasis/Sstbasis_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:40:14,746 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/sststruktur/Sststruktur_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:40:14,972 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/ssthandler/Ssthandler_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:40:15,211 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/sstproperty/Sstproperty_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:40:15,434 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/sstprophandler/Sstprophandler_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:40:15,657 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/sstneustart/Sstneustart_DEV.hbm.xml
     07:40:15,878 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Create new SessionFactory for: jdbc:informix-sqli://...

添加映射文件的方法如下：

 for (Node node : nodes) {
      Element element = (Element) node;
      String resource = element.attributeValue("resource");
      logger.info("Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  " + resource);
      configuration.addResource(resource);
 }

addResource 上的时间不足。

我们还尝试将映射元素直接移动到 hibernate.cfg.xml 文件中，但启动时间相同。

我们相信 hibernate 正在验证 hibernate 3 没有验证的东西。

有人想解决这个问题吗？我们不能等待每次测试运行 2 分钟。

非常感谢您的问候， 豪克

更新

我将日志级别更改为“DEBUG”，现在是这样的：

我改到 loglevel 来调试，现在就出来了：

  11:29:22,781 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/aart/Aart_DEV.hbm.xml
  11:29:22,782 INFO  [Configuration                 ] | HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/aart/Aart_DEV.hbm.xml
  11:29:22,804 DEBUG [DTDEntityResolver             ] | Trying to resolve system-id [http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd]
  11:29:23,149 INFO  [HibernateManager              ] | Adding this resource to hibernate now          :  de/cargosoft/edi/cargoservice/entities/abteilung/Abteilung_DEV.hbm.xml
  ...

因此，DTDEntityResolver 似乎每个实体大约需要 200 毫秒 - 400 毫秒。总共有 500 个实体。

所以问题是，如何禁用它？

Answer 1

您需要从以下位置更改所有 HBM 配置文件的 DTD：

http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd

到：

http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd

这是DTDEntityResolver 尝试定位 DTO 的方式：

public class DTDEntityResolver implements EntityResolver, Serializable {

    private static final String HIBERNATE_NAMESPACE = "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/";
    private static final String OLD_HIBERNATE_NAMESPACE = "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/";
    private static final String USER_NAMESPACE = "classpath://";

    public InputSource resolveEntity(String publicId, String systemId) {
        InputSource source = null; // returning null triggers default behavior
        if ( systemId != null ) {
            LOG.debugf( "Trying to resolve system-id [%s]", systemId );
            if ( systemId.startsWith( HIBERNATE_NAMESPACE ) ) {
                LOG.debug( "Recognized hibernate namespace; attempting to resolve on classpath under org/hibernate/" );
                source = resolveOnClassPath( publicId, systemId, HIBERNATE_NAMESPACE );
            }
            else if ( systemId.startsWith( OLD_HIBERNATE_NAMESPACE ) ) {
                LOG.recognizedObsoleteHibernateNamespace( OLD_HIBERNATE_NAMESPACE, HIBERNATE_NAMESPACE );
                LOG.debug( "Attempting to resolve on classpath under org/hibernate/" );
                source = resolveOnClassPath( publicId, systemId, OLD_HIBERNATE_NAMESPACE );
            }
            else if ( systemId.startsWith( USER_NAMESPACE ) ) {
                LOG.debug( "Recognized local namespace; attempting to resolve on classpath" );
                String path = systemId.substring( USER_NAMESPACE.length() );
                InputStream stream = resolveInLocalNamespace( path );
                if ( stream == null ) {
                    LOG.debugf( "Unable to locate [%s] on classpath", systemId );
                }
                else {
                    LOG.debugf( "Located [%s] in classpath", systemId );
                    source = new InputSource( stream );
                    source.setPublicId( publicId );
                    source.setSystemId( systemId );
                }
            }
        }
        return source;
    }

   ...

}

Hibernate 无法在 hibernate-core-4.3.8.Final.jar 中找到 hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd 配置文件，因此它会递归地遍历您的所有类路径，并且由于您有一个庞大的项目，这就解释了为什么它启动如此缓慢。

Answer 2

我曾经在解析 XML 文件时使用了一个技巧来跳过 DTD 验证，使用下面的代码。您的情况更复杂，因为您需要将其插入 Hibernate 配置解析器。但它可能会让你开始。

private boolean skipDtd = true; // TODO make configurable

private EntityResolver dummyDtdResolver = new EntityResolver()
{
    @Override
    public InputSource resolveEntity(String publicId, String systemId) throws SAXException, IOException
    {
        if (skipDtd && systemId.toLowerCase().endsWith(".dtd"))
            return new InputSource(new StringReader(""));
        return null;
    }
};

几种使用方法：

1. 来自 DocumentBuilder

   DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
   DocumentBuilder parser = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
   parser.setEntityResolver(dummyDtdResolver);
   ...
   parser.parse(new File(xmlName));        
   

2. 来自 XmlReader

   SAXParserFactory saxParserFactory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
   saxParserFactory.setNamespaceAware(true);
   XMLReader xmlReader = saxParserFactory.newSAXParser().getXMLReader();
   xmlReader.setEntityResolver(dummyDtdResolver);
   ...
   new SAXSource(xmlReader, inputSource);