SQL Server 记录失败的查询

Question

我正在尝试实现系统范围的日志记录，它将在我们的数据库中记录所有失败的存储过程执行，并且我正在查看扩展事件。

我做了一些研究，使用以下代码似乎很容易捕获失败的语句：

--Create an extended event session
CREATE EVENT SESSION what_queries_are_failing ON SERVER
ADD EVENT sqlserver.error_reported (
    ACTION (sqlserver.sql_text
        , sqlserver.tsql_stack
        , sqlserver.database_id
        , sqlserver.username
        )
    WHERE ([severity] > 10)
    )
ADD TARGET package0.asynchronous_file_target (
    SET filename = 'C:\XEventSessions\what_queries_are_failing.xel'
    , metadatafile = 'C:\XEventSessions\what_queries_are_failing.xem'
    , max_file_size = 5
    , max_rollover_files = 5
    )
    WITH (MAX_DISPATCH_LATENCY = 5 SECONDS)
GO

-- Start the session
ALTER EVENT SESSION what_queries_are_failing ON SERVER STATE = START
GO

;WITH events_cte
AS (
    SELECT DATEADD(mi, DATEDIFF(mi, GETUTCDATE(), CURRENT_TIMESTAMP), xevents.event_data.value('(event/@timestamp)[1]', 'datetime2')) AS [err_timestamp]
        , xevents.event_data.value('(event/data[@name="severity"]/value)[1]', 'bigint') AS [err_severity]
        , xevents.event_data.value('(event/data[@name="error_number"]/value)[1]', 'bigint') AS [err_number]
        , xevents.event_data.value('(event/data[@name="message"]/value)[1]', 'nvarchar(512)') AS [err_message]
        , xevents.event_data.value('(event/action[@name="sql_text"]/value)[1]', 'nvarchar(max)') AS [sql_text]
        , xevents.event_data
    FROM sys.fn_xe_file_target_read_file('S:\XEventSessions\what_queries_are_failing*.xel', 'S:\XEventSessions\what_queries_are_failing*.xem', NULL, NULL)
    CROSS APPLY (
        SELECT CAST(event_data AS XML) AS event_data
        ) AS xevents
    )
SELECT *
FROM events_cte
ORDER BY err_timestamp;

但是我想立即将失败的语句存储到一个表中，我们称之为Logs.Errors，但我找不到方法，并且上面的方法必须作为预定的工作。

现在，我们的程序如下所示：

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[MyProcedure]
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON;
    BEGIN TRY
        SELECT 1;
    END TRY
    BEGIN CATCH
        EXECUTE Logs.PrintError;
        EXECUTE Logs.LogError;
    END CATCH
END

Logs.LogError 过程使用 DBCC INPUTBUFFER(); 但它不捕获参数，只是捕获执行的确切过程。这就是我能从中得到的一切：

+----------------------------+-----------+-----------+------------------------------+
|        ErrorMessage        | EventType | Parameter |          Statement           |
+----------------------------+-----------+-----------+------------------------------+
| Incorrect syntax near '.'. | RPC Event |         0 | DbName.dbo.FailedProcedure;1 |
+----------------------------+-----------+-----------+------------------------------+

如果可能的话，我正在寻找一种方法，通过强制 DBCC INPUTBUFFER() 捕获整个语句或 XE 将记录直接插入某个表来使 DBCC INPUTBUFFER() 工作。

任何问题 - 让我知道。

Answer 1

我发现 XEvents 非常适合在事件发生时监控它们。但是，它们没有提供“处理”观察到的事件的机制。为了填补这个空白，我使用了Event Notifications。我经常将它们描述为异步 DDL 触发器。我会让你决定 tl;dr 的定义是否准确。

如果您想尝试一下事件通知，可以从以下脚本开始（抱歉，它真的很长）。如果您有任何问题/问题，请告诉我。我会尽量回复。

--Create these objects within a database that has service broker enabled.
USE DbaData
GO

--Drop objects first before trying to create them (in specific sequence).
IF EXISTS (
    SELECT *
    FROM sys.services
    WHERE name = 'svcUserErrorReportedNotification'
)
    DROP SERVICE svcUserErrorReportedNotification;
GO

IF EXISTS (
    SELECT *
    FROM sys.service_queues
    WHERE name = 'queUserErrorReportedNotification'
)
    DROP QUEUE queUserErrorReportedNotification;
GO

IF EXISTS (
    SELECT * 
    FROM sys.server_event_notifications 
    WHERE name = 'enUserErrorReportedEvents'
)
    DROP EVENT NOTIFICATION enUserErrorReportedEvents
    ON SERVER
GO

--Create a queue just for user error events.
CREATE QUEUE queUserErrorReportedNotification
GO

--Create a service just for user error events.
CREATE SERVICE svcUserErrorReportedNotification
ON QUEUE queUserErrorReportedNotification ([http://schemas.microsoft.com/SQL/Notifications/PostEventNotification])
GO

-- Create the event notification for user error events on the service.
CREATE EVENT NOTIFICATION enUserErrorReportedEvents
ON SERVER
WITH FAN_IN
FOR USER_ERROR_MESSAGE
TO SERVICE 'svcUserErrorReportedNotification', 'current database';
GO

IF EXISTS (
    SELECT *
    FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES r
    WHERE r.ROUTINE_SCHEMA = 'dbo' AND r.ROUTINE_NAME = 'ReceiveUserErrorReportedEvent'
)
    DROP PROCEDURE dbo.ReceiveUserErrorReportedEvent 
GO

CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.ReceiveUserErrorReportedEvent
/*****************************************************************************
* Name     : dbo.ReceiveUserErrorReportedEvent
* Purpose  : Runs when there is a USER_ERROR_MESSAGE event.
* Inputs   : None
* Outputs  : None
* Returns  : Nothing
******************************************************************************
* Change History
*   11/28/2016  DMason  Created
******************************************************************************/
AS
BEGIN
    SET NOCOUNT ON
    DECLARE @MsgBody XML

    WHILE (1 = 1)
    BEGIN
        BEGIN TRANSACTION

        -- Receive the next available message FROM the queue
        WAITFOR (
            RECEIVE TOP(1) -- just handle one message at a time
                @MsgBody = CAST(message_body AS XML)
                FROM queUserErrorReportedNotification
        ), TIMEOUT 1000  -- if the queue is empty for one second, give UPDATE and go away
        -- If we didn't get anything, bail out
        IF (@@ROWCOUNT = 0)
        BEGIN
            ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
            BREAK
        END 
        ELSE
        BEGIN
            --Grab some relevant items from the message body XML (it is EVENTDATA(), btw)
            DECLARE @Login SYSNAME;
            DECLARE @ErrMsgText VARCHAR(MAX);
            DECLARE @ApplicationName VARCHAR(MAX);
            DECLARE @Severity INT;
            DECLARE @ErrorNumber INT;
            DECLARE @DBName SYSNAME;

            SET @Login = @MsgBody.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/LoginName)[1]', 'VARCHAR(128)' );
            SET @ErrMsgText = @MsgBody.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/TextData)[1]', 'VARCHAR(MAX)' );
            SET @ApplicationName = @MsgBody.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/ApplicationName)[1]', 'VARCHAR(MAX)' );
            SET @Severity = @MsgBody.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/Severity)[1]', 'INT' );
            SET @ErrorNumber = @MsgBody.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/Error)[1]', 'INT' );
            SET @DBName = @MsgBody.value('(/EVENT_INSTANCE/DatabaseName)[1]', 'VARCHAR(128)' );

            --Do stuff here.
            --Log to a table, etc.

            /*
                Commit the transaction.  At any point before this, we 
                could roll back -- the received message would be back 
                on the queue AND the response wouldn't be sent.
            */
            COMMIT TRANSACTION
        END
    END
END
GO

ALTER QUEUE dbo.queUserErrorReportedNotification 
WITH 
STATUS = ON, 
ACTIVATION ( 
    PROCEDURE_NAME = dbo.ReceiveUserErrorReportedEvent, 
    STATUS = ON, 
    MAX_QUEUE_READERS = 1, 
    EXECUTE AS OWNER) 
GO