无法使用 Node.js mqtt 库连接到 Eclipse Mosquitto 代理

Question

我在 172.17.0.2:1883 上的本地 docker 容器上运行 Eclipse Mosquitto

我可以使用 MQTT.fx 客户端发布/订阅，但现在尝试从节点连接到代理但无法连接。

主题是“传感器”

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                                            NAMES
e747c86b6ec1        eclipse-mosquitto   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   5 hours ago         Up 5 hours          0.0.0.0:1883->1883/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9001->9001/tcp   adoring_varahamihira

当我检查 IP 地址时

docker inspect -f '{{range .NetworkSettings.Networks}}{{.IPAddress}}{{end}}' e747c86b6ec1
172.17.0.2

我正在尝试使用以下节点服务器连接到我的 MQTT 代理，但“连接”事件似乎从未发生过。

// Note: I have an express server running but didn't include 
const mqtt = require("mqtt")

var MQTT_TOPIC = "sensors";
var MQTT_ADDR = "mqtt://172.17.0.2";
var MQTT_PORT = 1883;

var client = mqtt.connect(MQTT_ADDR, {
  port: MQTT_PORT,
  clientId: 'bgtestnodejs232323',
  protocolId: 'MQIsdp',
  protocolVersion: 3,
  connectTimeout: 1000,
  debug: true
});

client.on('connect', function () {
  console.log("connected!")
});

client.on('error', function (err) {
  console.log(err)``
  client.end()
})

当我跑步时：

console.log(util.inspect(client))

输出是：

MqttClient {
  options:
   { protocol: 'mqtt',
     slashes: true,
     auth: null,
     host: '172.17.0.2',
     port: 1883,
     hostname: '172.17.0.2',
     hash: null,
     search: null,
     query: [Object: null prototype] {},
     pathname: null,
     path: null,
     href: 'mqtt://172.17.0.2',
     clientId: 'bgtestnodejs232323',
     protocolId: 'MQIsdp',
     protocolVersion: 3,
     connectTimeout: 1000,
     debug: true,
     defaultProtocol: 'mqtt',
     keepalive: 60,
     reschedulePings: true,
     reconnectPeriod: 1000,
     clean: true,
     resubscribe: true,
     customHandleAcks: [Function] },
  streamBuilder: [Function: wrapper],
  outgoingStore: Store { options: { clean: true }, _inflights: Map {} },
  incomingStore: Store { options: { clean: true }, _inflights: Map {} },
  queueQoSZero: true,
  _resubscribeTopics: {},
  messageIdToTopic: {},
  pingTimer: null,
  connected: false,
  disconnecting: false,
  queue: [],
  connackTimer:
   Timeout {
     _called: false,
     _idleTimeout: 1000,
     _idlePrev: [TimersList],
     _idleNext: [TimersList],
     _idleStart: 478,
     _onTimeout: [Function],
     _timerArgs: undefined,
     _repeat: null,
     _destroyed: false,
     [Symbol(unrefed)]: false,
     [Symbol(asyncId)]: 9,
     [Symbol(triggerId)]: 1 },
  reconnectTimer: null,
  _storeProcessing: false,
  _packetIdsDuringStoreProcessing: {},
  nextId: 26898,
  outgoing: {},
  _firstConnection: true,
  _events:
   [Object: null prototype] {
     close: [ [Function], [Function], [Function] ],
     connect: [Function] },
  _eventsCount: 2,
  _maxListeners: undefined,
  stream:
   Socket {
     connecting: true,
     _hadError: false,
     _handle:
      TCP {
        reading: false,
        onread: [Function: onStreamRead],
        onconnection: null,
        [Symbol(owner)]: [Circular] },
     _parent: null,
     _host: null,
     _readableState:
      ReadableState {
        objectMode: false,
        highWaterMark: 16384,
        buffer: BufferList { head: null, tail: null, length: 0 },
        length: 0,
        pipes: [Writable],
        pipesCount: 1,
        flowing: true,
        ended: false,
        endEmitted: false,
        reading: false,
        sync: true,
        needReadable: false,
        emittedReadable: false,
        readableListening: false,
        resumeScheduled: true,
        paused: false,
        emitClose: false,
        destroyed: false,
        defaultEncoding: 'utf8',
        awaitDrain: 0,
        readingMore: false,
        decoder: null,
        encoding: null },
     readable: false,
     _events:
      [Object: null prototype] {
        end: [Array],
        data: [Function: ondata],
        error: [Function: nop],
        close: [Function] },
     _eventsCount: 4,
     _maxListeners: 1000,
     _writableState:
      WritableState {
        objectMode: false,
        highWaterMark: 16384,
        finalCalled: false,
        needDrain: false,
        ending: false,
        ended: false,
        finished: false,
        destroyed: false,
        decodeStrings: false,
        defaultEncoding: 'utf8',
        length: 34,
        writing: false,
        corked: 1,
        sync: true,
        bufferProcessing: false,
        onwrite: [Function: bound onwrite],
        writecb: null,
        writelen: 0,
        bufferedRequest: [Object],
        lastBufferedRequest: [Object],
        pendingcb: 9,
        prefinished: false,
        errorEmitted: false,
        emitClose: false,
        bufferedRequestCount: 9,
        corkedRequestsFree: [Object] },
     writable: true,
     allowHalfOpen: false,
     _sockname: null,
     _pendingData: null,
     _pendingEncoding: '',
     server: null,
     _server: null,
     [Symbol(asyncId)]: 5,
     [Symbol(lastWriteQueueSize)]: 0,
     [Symbol(timeout)]: null,
     [Symbol(kBytesRead)]: 0,
     [Symbol(kBytesWritten)]: 0 } }

我一直在尝试这个答案中的建议：Why is MQTT not connecting with NodeJS?

感谢您的帮助！

Answer 1

由 Docker 引擎分发给 Docker 容器的 IP 地址范围 172.17.0.0/16 是供私人使用的 RFC1918 集的一部分。

对于 Docker，它们用于内部“桥接”网络，并且只能从其他 docker 容器或托管 Docker 引擎的机器访问。

您的 mosquitto 容器信息的 0.0.0.0:1883->1883/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9001->9001/tcp 输出显示这些端口已暴露并映射到主机 IP 地址。如果您将 172.17.0.2 更改为托管 Docker 引擎的机器的 IP 地址，您应该能够连接。

Answer 2

• 9001 端口是 websocket 监听器
• 端口 1883 是本机 MQTT 侦听器

您正在为您的代理 URL 使用 mqtt:// 架构，该架构指示本机 MQTT 协议，但您正在强制使用端口 9001。

如果您想使用 WebSockets，那么您应该将架构更改为 ws://

如果您想使用原生 MQTT，则需要将端口更改为 1883