Spring Boot 集成测试（SpringRunner 错误）答案

【问题标题】：Spring Boot Integration Test (SpringRunner error)Spring Boot 集成测试（SpringRunner 错误）
【发布时间】：2019-07-30 14:40:57
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试创建一个集成测试，它将测试与数据库的连接以及返回的数据。但是，我遇到了以下错误，这让我感到困惑并且不确定下一步该做什么。尽管我在 Stack Overflow 上读到表明 pom.xml 文件中存在版本冲突，但我无法确定哪些依赖项发生冲突或者是否遗漏了某些内容。任何帮助都会非常有帮助！

谢谢！

错误：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not load TestContextBootstrapper [null]. Specify @BootstrapWith's 'value' attribute or make the default bootstrapper class available.

    at org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils.resolveTestContextBootstrapper(BootstrapUtils.java:143)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:105)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTestContextManager(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:152)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:143)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner.<init>(SpringRunner.java:49)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:104)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86)
    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)
    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
    at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:33)
    at org.junit.internal.requests.FilterRequest.getRunner(FilterRequest.java:36)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:49)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotatedElementUtils.findAllMergedAnnotations(Ljava/lang/reflect/AnnotatedElement;Ljava/lang/Class;)Ljava/util/Set;
    at org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils.resolveExplicitTestContextBootstrapper(BootstrapUtils.java:150)
    at org.springframework.test.context.BootstrapUtils.resolveTestContextBootstrapper(BootstrapUtils.java:126)
    ... 19 more

Pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <java.version>1.7</java.version>
    </properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Logging -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
                    <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--<dependency>-->
            <!--<groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId>-->
            <!--<artifactId>spring-session</artifactId>-->
        <!--</dependency>-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--<dependency>--> <!-- provides each validation for arrays of primitives -->
            <!--<groupId>cz.jirutka.validator</groupId>
            <artifactId>validator-collection</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.0</version>
        </dependency>-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--dependency>
            <groupId>postgresql</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <version>9.1-901.jdbc4</version>
        </dependency-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <version>42.1.4.jre7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring-boot tests -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
            <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.15.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
                    <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
    <testResources>
        <testResource>
            <directory>src/test/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.json</include>
            </includes>
        </testResource>
    </testResources>

    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                    <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
                    <version>1.2.0.RELEASE</version>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

集成测试文件：如果我注释掉 @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 然后它执行并打印该行。但是，该行需要访问 JUnit4 功能。

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(
    webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT,
    classes = webServiceApplication.class)
public class ReportControllerTest {

    @Test
    public void testRun() {
        System.out.println("You are in here...");
    }
}

【问题讨论】：

您可以打印依赖关系树并查看冲突的依赖关系，例如：mvn dependency:tree
似乎没有什么异常。我不确定 maven 是否会指出存在冲突的地方

标签： spring-boot integration-testing

【解决方案1】：

在我看来，您似乎混合了 Spring Boot 依赖版本。我对maven不熟悉，但是spring-boot-starter-parent不是用自己的版本初始化依赖管理吗？

你声明

<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

这是版本1.3.3，而您在版本1.5.10 中明确包含spring-boot-starter-test 和spring-boot-test（您不需要额外添加）。

Spring Boot 1.4 或 1.5 引入了完全重写的测试支持，这使得找不到 TestContextBootstrapper 似乎是合理的。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

你为什么不使用测试依赖删除：

似乎 spring-test 依赖是问题所在。将第一个依赖替换为第二个：

删除：

 <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
     <version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

添加：

<dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
     <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  </dependency>

同时检查这个 pom 文件：https://github.com/ibrahimkarayel/todo-boot/blob/master/pom.xml

【讨论】：

我已经在 pom.xml 文件中有第二个。我试图删除您列出的第一个依赖项，但它无法解析 SpringRunner 类
你还需要添加 JUnit 依赖。正如我上面更新的那样