由于缺少 bean，Webserver 无法启动答案

【问题标题】：Webserver fails to start due to missing bean由于缺少 bean，Webserver 无法启动
【发布时间】：2014-03-14 20:15:44
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试启动一个简单的 spring 应用程序

我这里有 main.java 文件：

    package main;

import javafx.application.Application;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;


@ComponentScan
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

这是我拥有的库：

这里是 pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>blog</groupId>
    <artifactId>blog</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

最后的错误是这个：

      .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::  (v1.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT)

[2014-02-15 11:14:25.385] - 6116 INFO [main] --- main.Main: Starting Main on Vlad-PC with PID 6116 (C:\Users\Vlad\IdeaProjects\blog\target\classes started by Vlad)
[2014-02-15 11:14:25.473] - 6116 INFO [main] --- org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext: Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@2ca76650: startup date [Sat Feb 15 11:14:25 GMT 2014]; root of context hierarchy
[2014-02-15 11:14:25.579] - 6116 INFO [main] --- org.springframework.boot.logging.ClasspathLoggingApplicationListener: Application failed to start with classpath: [file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/charsets.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/deploy.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/javaws.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/jce.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/jfr.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/jfxrt.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/jsse.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/management-agent.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/plugin.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/resources.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/rt.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/ext/access-bridge-64.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/ext/dnsns.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/ext/jaccess.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/ext/localedata.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/ext/sunec.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/ext/sunjce_provider.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/ext/sunmscapi.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_51/jre/lib/ext/zipfs.jar, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/IdeaProjects/blog/target/classes/, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/IdeaProjects/blog/lib/com.springsource.org.apache.tomcat.api-7.0.12.jar, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/IdeaProjects/blog/lib/javax.servlet-3.0.0.v201103241009.jar, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-web/4.0.0.RELEASE/spring-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/.m2/repository/aopalliance/aopalliance/1.0/aopalliance-1.0.jar, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-aop/4.0.0.RELEASE/spring-aop-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-beans/4.0.0.RELEASE/spring-beans-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-core/4.0.0.RELEASE/spring-core-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/.m2/repository/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.1.1/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-context/4.0.0.RELEASE/spring-context-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-expression/4.0.0.RELEASE/spring-expression-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-autoconfigure/1.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT.jar, file:/C:/Users/Vlad/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot/1.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/spring-boot-1.0.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT.jar, file:/C:/Program%20Files%20(x86)/JetBrains/IntelliJ%20IDEA%20Community%20Edition%2013.0.2/lib/idea_rt.jar]
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start embedded container; nested exception is org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start EmbeddedWebApplicationContext due to missing EmbeddedServletContainerFactory bean.
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.onRefresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:136)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:476)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:120)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:616)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:306)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:877)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:866)
    at main.Main.main(Main.java:14)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:120)
Caused by: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start EmbeddedWebApplicationContext due to missing EmbeddedServletContainerFactory bean.
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:186)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.createEmbeddedServletContainer(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:159)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.onRefresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:133)
    ... 12 more

据我所知，我缺少一颗豆子？然而，看起来我确实有罐装春豆。

【问题讨论】：

标签： java spring spring-boot

【解决方案1】：

Spring boot 尝试启动 Web 服务器，但在类路径中没有找到任何内容。尝试添加这个依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<version>I Dont know</version
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

顺便说一句，你的 pom 看起来不像典型的 spring boot pom！与http://projects.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/README.html比较

【讨论】：

另一个顺便说一句：您的Main 类没有在应用程序中使用（我认为您可能错误地将Application.class 放在main 方法中）。
@DaveSyer 天哪。请告诉我文件名不能是 Application.java
你为什么会这样想？你的SpringApplication 中有Application.class 就是全部。
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf") 我遇到了不包括这个依赖的问题

【解决方案2】：

因版本而异。

org.springframework -> 请更正到更高版本。 :)

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.3.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
   <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>4.1.5.RELEASE</version>
   </dependency>
</dependencies>

比如一个org.springframework.boot 1.2.3.RELEASE，当org.springframework 4.1.4.RELEASE低于版本时总是报错。

在超过org.springframework 4.1.5.RELEASE的情况下，我工作没有错误。

http://projects.spring.io/spring-boot/

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

我现在遇到了同样的错误，我通过在我的 build.gradle 文件中包含相同版本的 Spring 包来解决它：

buildscript {
    ext {
        springBootVersion = '1.1.6.RELEASE'
    }

compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat'
compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security'
compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator'
compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-aop'
compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb'

例如，如果您更改了其中一个包并添加了版本号以覆盖静态值 1.1.6.RELEASE，则会显示错误：

buildscript {
    ext {
        springBootVersion = '1.1.6.RELEASE'
    }

compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat'
compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security'
compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator'
compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-aop'
compile 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb:1.2.5.RELEASE'

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

你需要添加注解：

@SpringBootApplication
public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

【讨论】：

【解决方案5】：

我可能会迟到，但我可能会省去几个小时寻找解决方案的痛苦。我在设置 spring-boot 项目时遇到了同样的问题。

我的 build.gradle 中有这个

compile group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-
web', version: '1.5.9.RELEASE'
//compile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-context', 
version: '5.0.2.RELEASE'// <--- Source of my problems
compile group: 'org.springframework.security.oauth', name: 'spring-
security-oauth2', version: '2.2.1.RELEASE'
compile group: 'com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype', name: 'jackson-
datatype-jsr310', version: '2.9.3'
testCompile group: 'com.h2database', name: 'h2', version: '1.4.196'
compile group: 'mysql', name: 'mysql-connector-java', version: '6.0.6'
compile group: 'org.hibernate', name: 'hibernate-core', version: 
'5.2.12.Final'
compile group: 'commons-io', name: 'commons-io', version: '2.6'
compile group: 'com.google.guava', name: 'guava', version: '23.6-jre'
compile group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-starter-
data-jpa', version: '1.5.9.RELEASE'

testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
testCompile group: 'org.springframework.boot', name: 'spring-boot-
starter-test', version: '1.5.9.RELEASE'

这是一个 spring-boot 项目，所以它会为你做很多配置

也就是说，如果它是一个 Spring 项目，您不需要一些必须放置的许多依赖项。 boot-starter 依赖就足够了。

【讨论】：