在Java中通过IP连接到服务器时出现ConnectException

Question

我用java编写了一个简单的客户端-服务器程序。当我创建一个像
Socket socket = new Socket("localhost",7000);

这样的套接字时

我能够连接到服务器并将数据（任何控制台输入）传输到服务器，但是当我在 Socket 中传递 localhost Ip(127.0.0.1) 时，就像

 Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",7000);

我收到以下错误错误：

java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect

为什么我会得到这个。

这是我的服务器端代码

public class SocketServer {

    /**
     * @param args the command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {

      new SocketServer();

        // TODO code application logic here
    }

  public   SocketServer(){

       try {
            ServerSocket sSocket = new ServerSocket(7000);
            System.out.println("Server started at: " + new Date());


//Wait for a client to connect
            Socket socket = sSocket.accept();

            //Create the streams
            PrintWriter output = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
            BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));

            //Tell the client that he/she has connected
            output.println("You have connected at: " + new Date());

            //Loop that runs server functions
            while(true) {
                //This will wait until a line of text has been sent
                String chatInput = input.readLine();
                System.out.println(chatInput);
            }
        } catch(IOException exception) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + exception);
        }


    }

这是我的客户端代码

public class ClientSocket {

    /**
     * @param args the command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException {
        // TODO code application logic here

        new ClientSocket();
    }
  public ClientSocket() throws UnknownHostException
    {
    //We set up the scanner to receive user input
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        try {
           //Socket socket = new Socket("localHost",7000);//works Fine
            Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",7000);//Gives error
            PrintWriter output = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
            BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));

            //This will wait for the server to send the string to the client saying a connection
            //has been made.
            String inputString = input.readLine();
            System.out.println(inputString);
            //Again, here is the code that will run the client, this will continue looking for 
            //input from the user then it will send that info to the server.
            while(true) {
                //Here we look for input from the user
                String userInput = scanner.nextLine();
                //Now we write it to the server
                output.println(userInput);
            }
        } catch (IOException exception) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + exception);
        }
    }

}

这是我的 /etc/hosts 文件

# Copyright (c) 1993-2009 Microsoft Corp.
#
# This is a sample HOSTS file used by Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows.
#
# This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to host names. Each
# entry should be kept on an individual line. The IP address should
# be placed in the first column followed by the corresponding host name.
# The IP address and the host name should be separated by at least one
# space.
#
# Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on individual
# lines or following the machine name denoted by a '#' symbol.
#
# For example:
#
#      102.54.94.97     rhino.acme.com          # source server
#       38.25.63.10     x.acme.com              # x client host

# localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself.
#   127.0.0.1       localhost
#   ::1             localhost
127.0.0.1       localhost
127.0.0.1       localhost 

Answer 1

您在客户端中使用了错误的构造函数来创建 Socket。

这段代码：

Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 7000);

正在尝试将名称 "127.0.0.1" 解析为 DNS 名称。这个构造函数在内部这样做：

InetAddress.getByName(hostname);

如果你想连接到一个 IP 地址，你必须使用这个构造函数：

InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByAddress(new byte[]{127,0,0,1});
Socket socket = new Socket(address, 7000)

Answer 2

我遇到了类似的问题。在您的代码中进行以下更改

在客户端

InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
Socket socket = new Socket(addr,7000);

在服务器端

ServerSocket sSocket = new ServerSocket();
sSocket.bind(new InetSocketAddress("0.0.0.0", 7000));

@Stefan 也答对了，绑定到0.0.0.0 将允许它监听所有接口

Answer 3

创建Socket 时，会将其绑定到某个地址。在您的情况下，您将其绑定到localhost，这与127.0.0.1 相同，但地址不同（而localhost 应始终解析为127.0.0.1）。您的应用程序看到连接尝试，但它也看到它不应该侦听该地址，因此它拒绝连接。

尝试将您的服务器套接字绑定到127.0.0.1 甚至0.0.0.0（使用0.0.0.0，您是在告诉它监听所有传入连接（127.0.0.1、localhost 和您的 LAN IP 地址/主机名） )。

Here's some more information about this.

看到你的服务器和客户端后，你可以在服务器端尝试以下操作：

ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket();
serverSocket.bind(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 7000));