将 myfeature.feature 作为黄瓜 JVM 测试运行时出现 JUNIT 错误 > potes.cucumberjvm.test.RunCucumberTest > 初始化错误

Question

测试数据：-

1)Java java 版本 "1.8.0_121" Java(TM) SE 运行时环境 (build 1.8.0_121-b13) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.121-b13, 混合模式)

2) Eclipse Eclipse IDE for Java Developers 版本：Neon.2 Release (4.6.2) Build id：20161208-0600

3)操作系统 Microsoft Windows 10 家庭版 - 64 位

myFeature.feature

Feature: This is my dummy feature file

Scenario: This is my first dummy scenario
Given This is my first dummy given step
When This is my second dummy given step
Then This is my third dummy given step

steps.java

package com.cucumber.mavenCucumberPrototype;

import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;
import cucumber.api.java.en.Then;
import cucumber.api.java.en.When;

public class steps
{
@Given("^This is my first dummy given step$")
public void This_is_my_first_dummy_given_step() throws Throwable
{
    System.out.println("Executed the first given step");
}
@When("^This is my second dummy given step$")
public void This_is_my_second_dummy_given_step() throws Throwable
{
    System.out.println("Executed the first when step");
}
@Then("^This is my third dummy given step$")
public void This_is_my_third_dummy_given_step() throws Throwable
{
    System.out.println("Executed the first then step");
}
}

RunnerTest.java

package com.cucumber.mavenCucumberPrototype;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;
import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(
    features = "classpath:features"
            )

public class RunnerTest
{

}

POM.XML

http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 4.0.0

<groupId>com.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>mavenCucumberPrototype</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>

<name>mavenCucumberPrototype</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-picocontainer</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.5</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
    <pluginManagement>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

    </pluginManagement>
</build>

Stack Trace :-

java.lang.TypeNotPresentException: Type cucumber.junit.Cucumber not present
at sun.reflect.annotation.TypeNotPresentExceptionProxy.generateException(TypeNotPresentExceptionProxy.java:46)
at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationInvocationHandler.invoke(AnnotationInvocationHandler.java:84)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy2.value(Unknown Source)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:33)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createUnfilteredTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:84)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:70)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.loadTests(JUnit4TestLoader.java:43)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:444)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: cucumber.junit.Cucumber
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:348)
at sun.reflect.generics.factory.CoreReflectionFactory.makeNamedType(CoreReflectionFactory.java:114)
at sun.reflect.generics.visitor.Reifier.visitClassTypeSignature(Reifier.java:125)
at sun.reflect.generics.tree.ClassTypeSignature.accept(ClassTypeSignature.java:49)
at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser.parseSig(AnnotationParser.java:439)
at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser.parseClassValue(AnnotationParser.java:420)
at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser.parseMemberValue(AnnotationParser.java:349)
at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser.parseAnnotation2(AnnotationParser.java:286)
at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations2(AnnotationParser.java:120)
at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations(AnnotationParser.java:72)
at java.lang.Class.createAnnotationData(Class.java:3521)
at java.lang.Class.annotationData(Class.java:3510)
at java.lang.Class.getAnnotation(Class.java:3415)
at org.junit.internal.builders.IgnoredBuilder.runnerForClass(IgnoredBuilder.java:10)
... 11 more

命令行输出：-

C:\Users\Pragati Chaturvedi\workspace\mavenCucumberPrototype>mvn clean 
install
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building mavenCucumberPrototype 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ 
mavenCucumberPrototype ---
[INFO] Deleting C:\Users\Pragati 
Chaturvedi\workspace\mavenCucumberPrototype\target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ 
mavenCucumberPrototype ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\Pragati 
Chaturvedi\workspace\mavenCucumberPrototype\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ 
mavenCucumberPrototype ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
 [INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ mavenCucumberPrototype ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
    [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Users\Pragati 
   Chaturvedi\workspace\mavenCucumberPrototype\src\test\resources
   [INFO]
    [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ 
   mavenCucumberPrototype ---
  [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
  [INFO] Compiling 2 source files to C:\Users\Pragati 
  Chaturvedi\workspace\mavenCucumberPrototype\target\test-classes
  [INFO]
  [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ 
  mavenCucumberPrototype ---
  [INFO] Surefire report directory: C:\Users\Pragati 
  Chaturvedi\workspace\mavenCucumberPrototype\target\surefire-reports

   -------------------------------------------------------
  T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running com.cucumber.mavenCucumberPrototype.RunnerTest
No features found at [classpath:features]

 0 Scenarios
 0 Steps
 0m0.000s
 Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.331 sec
 Results :
  Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
 [INFO]
 [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ mavenCucumberPrototype 
  ---
 [WARNING] JAR will be empty - no content was marked for inclusion!
 [INFO] Building jar: C:\Users\Pragati 
 Chaturvedi\workspace\mavenCucumberPrototype\target\mavenCucumberPrototype-
 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
 [INFO]
 [INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.4:install (default-install) @ 
 mavenCucumberPrototype ---
 [INFO] Installing C:\Users\Pragati 
 Chaturvedi\workspace\mavenCucumberPrototype\target\mavenCucumberPrototype-
 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar to C:\Users\Pragati 
 Chaturvedi\.m2\repository\com\cucumber\mavenCucumberPrototype\0.0.1-
 SNAPSHOT\mavenCucumberPrototype-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar
 [INFO] Installing C:\Users\Pragati 
 Chaturvedi\workspace\mavenCucumberPrototype\pom.xml to C:\Users\Pragati 
 Chaturvedi\.m2\repository\com\cucumber\mavenCucumberPrototype\0.0.1-
  SNAPSHOT\mavenCucumberPrototype-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.pom
  [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
  [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
  [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   [INFO] Total time: 3.794 s
    [INFO] Finished at: 2017-04-12T01:36:58-04:00
   [INFO] Final Memory: 17M/194M
     [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MissingProjectException`C:\使用 rs\PragatiChaturvedi\workspace\mavenCucumberPrototype\src\test\java\com\cu cumber\mavenCucumberPrototype>javac RunnerTest.java RunnerTest.java:5：错误：包 cucumber.api 不存在 导入 cucumber.api.CucumberOptions； ^ RunnerTest.java:6：错误：包 cucumber.api.junit 不存在 进口黄瓜.api.junit.黄瓜； ^ RunnerTest.java:9：错误：找不到符号 @黄瓜选项（ ^ 符号：类 CucumberOptions RunnerTest.java:8：错误：找不到符号 @RunWith(Cucumber.class) ^ 符号：黄瓜类 4 个错误 C:\Users\PragatiChaturvedi\workspace\mavenCucumberPrototype\src\test\java\com\ ucumber\mavenCucumberPrototype>javac steps.java steps.java:3：错误：包 cucumber.api.java.en 不存在 进口黄瓜.api.java.en.Given； ^ steps.java:4：错误：包 cucumber.api.java.en 不存在 导入黄瓜.api.java.en.然后； ^ steps.java:5：错误：包 cucumber.api.java.en 不存在 导入 cucumber.api.java.en.When； ^ steps.java:9：错误：找不到符号 @Given("^This is my first dummy given step$") ^ 符号：给定的类 地点：课堂台阶 steps.java:14：错误：找不到符号 @When("^This is my second dummy given step$") ^ 符号：类当 地点：课堂台阶 steps.java:19：错误：找不到符号 @Then("^这是我给定步骤$的第三个假人") ^ 符号：类然后 地点：课堂台阶 6 个错误

Answer 1

我在我的 POM.XML 中尝试过，它的工作原理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>groupId</groupId>
    <artifactId>CucumberBasic</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

Answer 2

这是一个 maven 项目，javac 不是编译/构建项目的方法。

如果我错了，请纠正我，但我会假设你不知道 maven。这些是一些关于 maven 的教程。

• https://www.tutorialspoint.com/maven/
• http://tutorials.jenkov.com/maven/maven-tutorial.html

尝试从 C:\Users\PragatiChaturvedi\workspace\mavenCucumberPrototype 运行 mvn clean install 并查看测试是否正在执行。