Spring java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/persistence/EntityManagerFactory

Question

我使用的是 Tomcat 7.0.67，Spring 4.2.0。我不使用 Spring-JPA、Hibernate 或 JPA，但是当我尝试启动我的 Spring 应用程序时，它失败并出现以下错误，提示找不到 javax/persistence/EntityManagerFactory 类：

23:39:43.836 ERROR org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader[] - Context initialization failed
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/persistence/EntityManagerFactory
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1975) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
    at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.getDeclaredMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:606) ~[spring-core-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:518) ~[spring-core-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils.doWithMethods(ReflectionUtils.java:504) ~[spring-core-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.determineCandidateConstructors(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:241) ~[spring-beans-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1069) ~[spring-beans-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1042) ~[spring-beans-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:510) ~[spring-beans-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482) ~[spring-beans-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:305) ~[spring-beans-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230) ~[spring-beans-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:301) ~[spring-beans-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:196) ~[spring-beans-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:772) ~[spring-beans-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:834) ~[spring-context-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:537) ~[spring-context-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:446) ~[spring-web-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:328) ~[spring-web-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:107) [spring-web-4.2.0.RELEASE.jar:4.2.0.RELEASE]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:5077) [catalina.jar:7.0.67]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5591) [catalina.jar:7.0.67]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150) [catalina.jar:7.0.67]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1574) [catalina.jar:7.0.67]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1564) [catalina.jar:7.0.67]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266) [na:1.8.0_66]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) [na:1.8.0_66]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) [na:1.8.0_66]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [na:1.8.0_66]
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424) ~[na:1.8.0_66]
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357) ~[na:1.8.0_66]

我尝试将以下内容添加到我的 pom.xml 以包含持久性 jar，但它没有任何区别。

<dependency> 
    <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId> 
    <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId> 
    <version>1.0.2</version> 
</dependency> 

这是mvn dependency:tree的输出：https://gist.github.com/eytanbiala/492d9af46f8990917e45

Answer 1

请手动复制您的 hibernate-jpa jar 文件 tomcat lib 文件夹。