如何使用 Maven “shade”插件将 Apache CXF 应用程序打包成一个整体 JAR答案

【问题标题】：How to package an Apache CXF application into a monolithic JAR with the Maven "shade" plugin如何使用 Maven “shade”插件将 Apache CXF 应用程序打包成一个整体 JAR
【发布时间】：2011-10-13 12:02:53
【问题描述】：

我正在编写一个基于控制台的 Java 应用程序，旨在由 cron 以批处理方式运行。批处理应用程序使用适用于 JAX-WS 的 Apache CXF 框架调用 SOAP Web 服务。

为了使部署更容易，并防止 CLASSPATH 问题，我想将应用程序（及其所有依赖项）捆绑到一个单一的 JAR 文件中......使用the "shade" plugin for Maven。

当我从 Eclipse 工作区运行它时，我的应用程序运行良好。但是，当我尝试执行带阴影的 JAR 文件时，我会得到一个堆栈跟踪，如下所示：

org.apache.cxf.service.factory.ServiceConstructionException: Could not resolve a binding for null 
            at org.apache.cxf.frontend.AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.createBindingInfo(AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.java:404) 
            at org.apache.cxf.frontend.AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.createEndpointInfo(AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.java:258) 
            at org.apache.cxf.frontend.AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.createEndpoint(AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.java:146) 
            at org.apache.cxf.frontend.ClientFactoryBean.create(ClientFactoryBean.java:52) 
            at org.apache.cxf.frontend.ClientProxyFactoryBean.create(ClientProxyFactoryBean.java:102) 
            at org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean.create(JaxWsProxyFactoryBean.java:115) 
            at com.example.gui.domain.Session.getService(Session.java:145) 
            at com.example.gui.domain.service.soap.AbstractServiceImpl.<init>(AbstractServiceImpl.java:23) 
            at com.example.gui.domain.service.soap.GetUserConsoleOrgsImpl.<init>(GetUserConsoleOrgsImpl.java:14) 
            at com.example.gui.domain.service.ServiceFactory.getGetUserConsoleOrgsService(ServiceFactory.java:443) 
            at com.example.gui.domain.AccessManager.getOrgs(AccessManager.java:62) 
            at com.example.gui.windows.ConsoleApplet.login (ConsoleApplet.java:1253) 
            at com.example.gui.windows.ConsoleApplet.init(ConsoleApplet.java:1227) 
            at sun.plugin2.applet.Plugin2Manager$AppletExecutionRunnable.run(Unknown Source) 
            at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) 
Caused by: org.apache.cxf.BusException: No binding factory for namespace http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/ registered. 
            at org.apache.cxf.binding.BindingFactoryManagerImpl.getBindingFactory(BindingFactoryManagerImpl.java:91) 
            at org.apache.cxf.frontend.AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.createBindingInfo(AbstractWSDLBasedEndpointFactory.java:394) 
            ... 14 more 
java.lang.NullPointerException 
            at com.example.gui.domain.service.soap.GetUserConsoleOrgsImpl.getUserConsoleOrgs(GetUserConsoleOrgsImpl.java:29) 
            at com.example.gui.domain.AccessManager.getOrgs(AccessManager.java:64) 
            at com.example.gui.windows.ConsoleApplet.login (ConsoleApplet.java:1253) 
            at com.example.gui.windows.ConsoleApplet.init(ConsoleApplet.java:1227) 
            at sun.plugin2.applet.Plugin2Manager$AppletExecutionRunnable.run(Unknown Source) 
            at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

事实上，如果您查看this discussion board message，我遇到的问题与此人完全相同。正如另一个人在该线程中指出的那样，我的问题可能与 Maven“阴影”插件有关。

Apache CXF 包含许多 JAR 文件依赖项，显然不止一个 JAR 依赖于它们的 META-INF 目录中的内容。 Maven“阴影”插件显然将所有这些META-INF 目录合并为一个，并覆盖必要的文件而不是将它们合并在一起。

该讨论线程中的某个人提供了指向this Maven POM file 的链接，表明有配置选项和转换器可用于使“阴影”插件正确合并这些 CXF 依赖项。我将这些设置插入到我自己的 POM 中，如下所示：

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>1.4</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>shade</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
                <transformers>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                        <mainClass>com.example.MainClass</mainClass>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ApacheNoticeResourceTransformer">
                        <projectName>Apache CXF</projectName>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/services/com.sun.tools.xjc.Plugin</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/cxf/cxf.extension</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/extensions.xml</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/cxf/extensions.xml</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.txt</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.xml</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/wsdl.plugin.xml</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/tools.service.validator.xml</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer implementation="org.apache.cxf.maven.PluginTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/tools-plugin.xml</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer
                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                        <resource>META-INF/cxf/java2wsbeans.xml</resource>
                    </transformer>
                    <transformer implementation="org.apache.cxf.maven.CXFAllTransformer" />
                </transformers>
            </configuration>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

但是，对于这些设置的作用，我找不到任何真正的解释......并且在启用调试输出的情况下运行 Maven 时出现以下错误：

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 1:14.357s
[INFO] Finished at: Tue Jul 26 11:10:43 EDT 2011
[INFO] Final Memory: 18M/59M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-shade-plugin:1.4:shade (default) on project salestax-poster: Unable to parse configuration of mojo org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-shade-plugin:1.4:shade: ClassNotFoundException: Class name which was explicitly given in configuration using 'implementation' attribute: 'org.apache.cxf.maven.PluginTransformer' cannot be loaded -> [Help 1]
org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-shade-plugin:1.4:shade (default) on project salestax-poster: Unable to parse configuration of mojo org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-shade-plugin:1.4:shade: ClassNotFoundException: Class name which was explicitly given in configuration using 'implementation' attribute: 'org.apache.cxf.maven.PluginTransformer' cannot be loaded
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:221)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:84)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:59)
...

似乎在抱怨找不到org.apache.cxf.maven.PluginTransformer 类，该类似乎存在于cxf-buildtools 包中。但是，当我将该包添加到 POM 的依赖项时，我在构建过程中遇到另一个错误：

Jul 26, 2011 10:44:02 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
INFO: Refreshing org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationContext@3aa42c31: display name [org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationContext@3aa42c31]; startup date [Tue Jul 26 10:44:02 EDT 2011]; root of context hierarchy
Jul 26, 2011 10:44:02 AM org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationContext getConfigResources
INFO: No cxf.xml configuration file detected, relying on defaults.
Jul 26, 2011 10:44:02 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext obtainFreshBeanFactory
INFO: Bean factory for application context [org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationContext@3aa42c31]: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@47fe1e26
Jul 26, 2011 10:44:02 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons
INFO: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@47fe1e26: defining beans [cxf,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationListener,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusWiringBeanFactoryPostProcessor,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.Jsr250BeanPostProcessor,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusExtensionPostProcessor,org.apache.cxf.resource.ResourceManager,org.apache.cxf.configuration.Configurer,org.apache.cxf.binding.BindingFactoryManager,org.apache.cxf.transport.DestinationFactoryManager,org.apache.cxf.transport.ConduitInitiatorManager,org.apache.cxf.wsdl.WSDLManager,org.apache.cxf.phase.PhaseManager,org.apache.cxf.workqueue.WorkQueueManager,org.apache.cxf.buslifecycle.BusLifeCycleManager,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServerRegistry,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServerLifeCycleManager,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ClientLifeCycleManager,org.apache.cxf.transports.http.QueryHandlerRegistry,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.EndpointResolverRegistry,org.apache.cxf.headers.HeaderManager,org.apache.cxf.catalog.OASISCatalogManager,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServiceContractResolverRegistry]; root of factory hierarchy
[DEBUG] 
java.lang.AbstractMethodError: org.apache.xerces.dom.ElementNSImpl.setUserData(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;Lorg/w3c/dom/UserDataHandler;)Ljava/lang/Object;
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.startElement(Stax2DOM.java:173)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.getDocument(Stax2DOM.java:135)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.getDocument(Stax2DOM.java:95)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.getDocument(Stax2DOM.java:76)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.WSDL11Validator.getWSDLDoc(WSDL11Validator.java:91)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.WSDL11Validator.isValid(WSDL11Validator.java:111)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.frontend.jaxws.wsdl11.JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.validate(JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.java:201)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.frontend.jaxws.wsdl11.JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.validate(JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.java:61)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.WSDLToJavaContainer.execute(WSDLToJavaContainer.java:132)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.WSDLToJavaContainer.execute(WSDLToJavaContainer.java:238)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.common.toolspec.ToolRunner.runTool(ToolRunner.java:83)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.WSDLToJava.run(WSDLToJava.java:103)
    at org.apache.cxf.maven_plugin.WSDL2JavaMojo.processWsdl(WSDL2JavaMojo.java:360)
    at org.apache.cxf.maven_plugin.WSDL2JavaMojo.execute(WSDL2JavaMojo.java:257)
    at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:101)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:209)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:84)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:59)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.singleThreadedBuild(LifecycleStarter.java:183)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:161)
    at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:319)
    at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:156)
    at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:537)
    at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:196)
    at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:141)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:290)
    at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:230)
    at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:409)
    at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:352)
Jul 26, 2011 10:44:03 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext doClose
INFO: Closing org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationContext@3aa42c31: display name [org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationContext@3aa42c31]; startup date [Tue Jul 26 10:44:02 EDT 2011]; root of context hierarchy
Jul 26, 2011 10:44:03 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry destroySingletons
INFO: Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@47fe1e26: defining beans [cxf,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusApplicationListener,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusWiringBeanFactoryPostProcessor,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.Jsr250BeanPostProcessor,org.apache.cxf.bus.spring.BusExtensionPostProcessor,org.apache.cxf.resource.ResourceManager,org.apache.cxf.configuration.Configurer,org.apache.cxf.binding.BindingFactoryManager,org.apache.cxf.transport.DestinationFactoryManager,org.apache.cxf.transport.ConduitInitiatorManager,org.apache.cxf.wsdl.WSDLManager,org.apache.cxf.phase.PhaseManager,org.apache.cxf.workqueue.WorkQueueManager,org.apache.cxf.buslifecycle.BusLifeCycleManager,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServerRegistry,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServerLifeCycleManager,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ClientLifeCycleManager,org.apache.cxf.transports.http.QueryHandlerRegistry,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.EndpointResolverRegistry,org.apache.cxf.headers.HeaderManager,org.apache.cxf.catalog.OASISCatalogManager,org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServiceContractResolverRegistry]; root of factory hierarchy
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 8.152s
[INFO] Finished at: Tue Jul 26 10:44:03 EDT 2011
[INFO] Final Memory: 10M/59M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.cxf:cxf-codegen-plugin:2.2:wsdl2java (generate-sources) on project salestax-poster: org.apache.xerces.dom.ElementNSImpl.setUserData(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;Lorg/w3c/dom/UserDataHandler;)Ljava/lang/Object; -> [Help 1]
org.apache.maven.lifecycle.LifecycleExecutionException: Failed to execute goal org.apache.cxf:cxf-codegen-plugin:2.2:wsdl2java (generate-sources) on project salestax-poster: org.apache.xerces.dom.ElementNSImpl.setUserData(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;Lorg/w3c/dom/UserDataHandler;)Ljava/lang/Object;
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:217)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:84)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:59)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.singleThreadedBuild(LifecycleStarter.java:183)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:161)
    at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:319)
    at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:156)
    at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:537)
    at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:196)
    at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:141)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:290)
    at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:230)
    at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:409)
    at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:352)
Caused by: org.apache.maven.plugin.MojoExecutionException: org.apache.xerces.dom.ElementNSImpl.setUserData(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;Lorg/w3c/dom/UserDataHandler;)Ljava/lang/Object;
    at org.apache.cxf.maven_plugin.WSDL2JavaMojo.processWsdl(WSDL2JavaMojo.java:363)
    at org.apache.cxf.maven_plugin.WSDL2JavaMojo.execute(WSDL2JavaMojo.java:257)
    at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:101)
    at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:209)
    ... 19 more
Caused by: java.lang.AbstractMethodError: org.apache.xerces.dom.ElementNSImpl.setUserData(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/Object;Lorg/w3c/dom/UserDataHandler;)Ljava/lang/Object;
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.startElement(Stax2DOM.java:173)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.getDocument(Stax2DOM.java:135)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.getDocument(Stax2DOM.java:95)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.Stax2DOM.getDocument(Stax2DOM.java:76)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.WSDL11Validator.getWSDLDoc(WSDL11Validator.java:91)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.validator.internal.WSDL11Validator.isValid(WSDL11Validator.java:111)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.frontend.jaxws.wsdl11.JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.validate(JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.java:201)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.frontend.jaxws.wsdl11.JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.validate(JAXWSDefinitionBuilder.java:61)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.WSDLToJavaContainer.execute(WSDLToJavaContainer.java:132)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.WSDLToJavaContainer.execute(WSDLToJavaContainer.java:238)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.common.toolspec.ToolRunner.runTool(ToolRunner.java:83)
    at org.apache.cxf.tools.wsdlto.WSDLToJava.run(WSDLToJava.java:103)
    at org.apache.cxf.maven_plugin.WSDL2JavaMojo.processWsdl(WSDL2JavaMojo.java:360)
    ... 22 more

有没有人在 Maven 着色 JAR 的上下文中使用过 Apache CXF，并且可以提供一些关于如何使其正常工作的指导？

【问题讨论】：

就我而言，我只需要添加：<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer"> <resource>META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.txt</resource> </transformer>

标签： java maven-2 maven cxf

【解决方案1】：

就我而言，我只需要添加：

<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
     <resource>META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.txt</resource>
</transformer>

如果你看一下这个带有和不带transformer标签的文件，会有很大的不同（只有一行与~50行），特别是几行：

org.apache.cxf.binding.soap.SoapBindingFactory::true
org.apache.cxf.binding.soap.SoapTransportFactory::true

缺少我认为是导致问题的原因。

【讨论】：

这里也一样。绝对建议在上面更详细的解决方案之前尝试这个！
如果找不到 bus-extensions.xml，请使用更新版本的 cxf 库。此外，如果您使用 sbt 而不是 maven，请查看 sbt-assembly 插件的合并策略。这条线应该可以完成工作：case PathList("META-INF", "cxf", "bus-extensions.txt") => MergeStrategy.concat
我这样做了，但是it still doesn't work
这帮助我使用 gradle 和 shadowjar 插件解决了同样的问题 - 谢谢！ stackoverflow.com/questions/45005287/…

【解决方案2】：

解决方法是在插件元素中添加 cxf-buildtools 的依赖。

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>1.4</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>shade</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <transformers>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                <mainClass>## you name class name ##</mainClass>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/services/com.sun.tools.xjc.Plugin</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/cxf/cxf.extension</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/extensions.xml</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/cxf/extensions.xml</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.txt</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.xml</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/wsdl.plugin.xml</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/tools.service.validator.xml</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.cxf.maven.PluginTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/tools-plugin.xml</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer">
                                <resource>META-INF/cxf/java2wsbeans.xml</resource>
                            </transformer>
                            <transformer implementation="org.apache.cxf.maven.CXFAllTransformer" />
                        </transformers>
                        <shadedArtifactAttached>true</shadedArtifactAttached>
                        <shadedClassifierName>executable</shadedClassifierName>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
                    <artifactId>cxf-buildtools</artifactId>
                    <version>2.2.12</version>
                    <type>jar</type>
                    <scope>compile</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </plugin>

【讨论】：

我这样做了，但是it still doesn't work

【解决方案3】：

我或多或少地解决了这个问题。

Maven“shade”插件带有“transformers”的概念，它使您能够将冲突的文件合并到一个单一的 JAR 中，而不是让一个覆盖另一个。有不同类型的变压器......最常见的是：

org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer -- 只是将一个文本文件附加到另一个文本文件的末尾
org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.XmlAppendingTransformer -- 将 XML 附加在一起，同时保持格式正常

在我上面的 POM sn-p 中，我从讨论板线程中提供的示例中获取了一个变压器列表。它包括两个不属于默认“shade”插件的转换器：

org.apache.cxf.maven.PluginTransformer
org.apache.cxf.maven.CXFAllTransformer

显然，这两个是 CXF 特定的附加组件，不附带“阴影”插件，但必须由 CXF JAR 单独提供。

我的“解决方案”不完整，因为我无法弄清楚如何使这些依赖项到位。它们似乎是cxf-buildtools Maven 依赖包的一部分......但正如上面的问题文档，无论我如何尝试将该依赖项插入到我的 POM 中，我都遇到了问题。

但是，实际上，我的解决方案是从“阴影”插件配置中完全删除这两个转换器。没有它们，我的阴影 JAR 应用程序工作得很好。也许这两个特定的转换器在特殊的边缘情况下发挥作用，但对于普通的 CXF 服务调用，您似乎可以省略它们。

【讨论】：

您需要将 cxf buildtools jar 添加为 maven 中的“扩展”或作为 shade 插件的依赖项。

【解决方案4】：

我是这样解决的：

基本上每个 cxf 库都提供一个 META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.txt 文件，打包程序的默认行为是替换该文件，导致它不完整。通过将着色器配置为追加而不是替换 cxf 内容将正常运行。

将此添加到您的 pom 的插件部分中的构建部分：

  <plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>1.4</version>
    <configuration>
      <createDependencyReducedPom>true</createDependencyReducedPom>
    </configuration>
    <executions>
      <execution>
        <phase>package</phase>
        <goals>
          <goal>shade</goal>
        </goals>
        <configuration>
          <transformers>
            <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
              <resource>META-INF/cxf/bus-extensions.txt</resource>
            </transformer>
          </transformers>
          <filters>
            <filter>
              <artifact>*:*</artifact>
              <excludes>
                <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
              </excludes>
            </filter>
          </filters>
        </configuration>
      </execution>
    </executions>
  </plugin>

【讨论】：

【解决方案5】：

仅作记录，如果您使用带有 cxf 和 shade 插件的 camel，请不要忘记“转换”文件 META-INF/services/org/apache/camel/TypeConverterTypeConverter。（损失 3 小时）

<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
  <resource>META-INF/services/org/apache/camel/TypeConverter</resource>
</transformer>

【讨论】：

【解决方案6】：

除了前面的回复，只是说为了使用项目中包含的依赖对应的对象JAXBContext（我的例子是jaxb-impl-2.2.11.jar），也需要像

一样串联META-INF/services/javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext

case PathList("META-INF","services","javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext", xs @ _*) => MergeStrategy.concat

在 SBT 中，或在 Maven 中的等价物。

否则，使用的 JAXBContext 将是 JVM 的，在我的示例中，我得到了这个

创建 JAXBContext "jar:file:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_45.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar!/com/sun/xml/internal/bind/v2/runtime /JAXBContextImpl.class Build-Id: 1.8.0_45

【讨论】：

【解决方案7】：

对于任何尝试使用 gradle 的影子插件来解决此问题的人。

import com.github.jengelman.gradle.plugins.shadow.transformers.ServiceFileTransformer
shadowJar {
    // Make sure the cxf service files are handled correctly so that the SOAP services work.
    // Ref https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45005287/serviceconstructionexception-when-creating-a-cxf-web-service-client-scalajava
    transform(ServiceFileTransformer) {
        path = 'META-INF/cxf'
        include 'bus-extensions.txt'
    }
}

https://github.com/johnrengelman/shadow/issues/309#issuecomment-314339063

【讨论】：