在 IntelliJ IDEA 2018.1 中运行 JUnit 5 测试时出错

【问题标题】：Errors while running JUnit 5 tests in IntelliJ IDEA 2018.1在 IntelliJ IDEA 2018.1 中运行 JUnit 5 测试时出错
【发布时间】：2018-12-01 01:17:04
【问题描述】：

我是 IDEA 和 Gradle 生态系统的新手，所以如果有任何基本问题，请原谅我。

IntelliJ officially announced 支持 JUnit 5 已经快 2 年了。出于某种原因，IDEA 仍然讨厌 JUnit 5。如果按照官方说明添加 JUnit 支持，IDEA 默认使用 JUnit 4.12。

无论如何，在阅读之后，我认为我已经在 build.gradle 中正确设置了依赖项：

dependencies {
    testCompile("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher:1.2.0")
    testCompile("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:5.2.0")
    testCompile("org.junit.vintage:junit-vintage-engine:5.2.0")
}

我的类路径中有所有这些。另外，我发现自己要在我的类路径中手动添加 opentest4j-1.1.0.jar。

我按照these instructions 为 JUnit 创建了一个新的运行配置。测试确实运行成功，但是随着测试运行器的输出，我得到很多异常，如下所示。我做错了吗？

"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-10.0.1\bin\java.exe" -ea -Didea.test.cyclic.buffer.size=1048576 "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2018.1.5\lib\idea_rt.jar=57664:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2018.1.5\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2018.1.5\lib\idea_rt.jar;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2018.1.5\plugins\junit\lib\junit-rt.jar;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2018.1.5\plugins\junit\lib\junit5-rt.jar;C:\Users\anurag.x.bhandari\IdeaProjects\HackerRankCodingInterview\out\test\Solutions;C:\Users\anurag.x.bhandari\IdeaProjects\HackerRankCodingInterview\out\production\Solutions;C:\Users\anurag.x.bhandari\.gradle\caches\modules-2\files-2.1\org.junit.jupiter\junit-jupiter-api\5.2.0\9cd901df48d88d8e605a6ccb2c3f140c92db6bf2\junit-jupiter-api-5.2.0.jar;C:\Users\anurag.x.bhandari\IdeaProjects\HackerRankCodingInterview\libs\opentest4j-1.1.0.jar;C:\Users\anurag.x.bhandari\.gradle\caches\modules-2\files-2.1\org.junit.platform\junit-platform-launcher\1.2.0\ea230ba8c0b71943d4dd2bb215ca29041c89966e\junit-platform-launcher-1.2.0.jar;C:\Users\anurag.x.bhandari\.gradle\caches\modules-2\files-2.1\org.junit.jupiter\junit-jupiter-engine\5.2.0\de87318ccd3dfa1a98ebfef792d362776f1914de\junit-jupiter-engine-5.2.0.jar;C:\Users\anurag.x.bhandari\.gradle\caches\modules-2\files-2.1\org.junit.platform\junit-platform-commons\1.2.0\dbce1d822d3dc6c61703b340cd79018518685451\junit-platform-commons-1.2.0.jar;C:\Users\anurag.x.bhandari\.gradle\caches\modules-2\files-2.1\org.junit.vintage\junit-vintage-engine\5.2.0\ff11a5d0674df5e2264e50fe3f8a3485a4399ccb\junit-vintage-engine-5.2.0.jar;C:\Users\anurag.x.bhandari\.gradle\caches\modules-2\files-2.1\org.junit.platform\junit-platform-engine\1.2.0\35fa3529ce843ada1a10b0909ccb4a8148ee638d\junit-platform-engine-1.2.0.jar" com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter -ideVersion5 -junit5 @w@C:\Users\anurag.x.bhandari\AppData\Local\Temp\idea_working_dirs_junit.tmp @C:\Users\anurag.x.bhandari\AppData\Local\Temp\idea_junit.tmp -socket57663
Jun 21, 2018 9:26:48 PM org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher handleThrowable
WARNING: TestEngine with ID 'junit-vintage' failed to discover tests
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/junit/runners/model/RunnerBuilder
    at org.junit.vintage.engine.discovery.VintageDiscoverer.<init>(VintageDiscoverer.java:35)
    at org.junit.vintage.engine.VintageTestEngine.discover(VintageTestEngine.java:61)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.discoverEngineRoot(DefaultLauncher.java:130)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.discoverRoot(DefaultLauncher.java:117)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.discover(DefaultLauncher.java:82)
    at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:52)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:582)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:190)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:499)
    ... 9 more

Jun 21, 2018 9:26:49 PM org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher handleThrowable
WARNING: TestEngine with ID 'junit-vintage' failed to discover tests
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/junit/runners/model/RunnerBuilder
    at org.junit.vintage.engine.discovery.VintageDiscoverer.<init>(VintageDiscoverer.java:35)
    at org.junit.vintage.engine.VintageTestEngine.discover(VintageTestEngine.java:61)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.discoverEngineRoot(DefaultLauncher.java:130)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.discoverRoot(DefaultLauncher.java:117)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:90)
    at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:74)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:582)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:190)
    at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:499)
    ... 9 more



Expected :<1> 
Actual   :<5>
 <Click to see difference>



org.opentest4j.MultipleFailuresError: Multiple Failures (1 failure)
    array contents differ at index [0], expected: <1> but was: <5>

    at org.junit.jupiter.api.AssertAll.assertAll(AssertAll.java:79)
    at org.junit.jupiter.api.AssertAll.assertAll(AssertAll.java:45)
    at org.junit.jupiter.api.AssertAll.assertAll(AssertAll.java:39)
    at org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertAll(Assertions.java:1060)
    at com.anuragbhandari.hackerrank.CorrectnessTests.checkLeftRotationOutput(ArrayLeftRotationTests.java:22)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564)
    at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:513)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$6(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:170)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:40)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:166)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:113)
    at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:58)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor$NodeExecutor.lambda$executeRecursively$3(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:113)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SingleTestExecutor.executeSafely(SingleTestExecutor.java:66)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor$NodeExecutor.executeRecursively(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:108)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor$NodeExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:79)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor$NodeExecutor.lambda$executeRecursively$2(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:121)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.accept(ForEachOps.java:183)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:177)
    at java.base/java.util.Iterator.forEachRemaining(Iterator.java:133)
    at java.base/java.util.Spliterators$IteratorSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterators.java:1801)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:484)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:150)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:173)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:497)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor$NodeExecutor.lambda$executeRecursively$3(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:121)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SingleTestExecutor.executeSafely(SingleTestExecutor.java:66)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor$NodeExecutor.executeRecursively(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:108)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor$NodeExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:79)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor$NodeExecutor.lambda$executeRecursively$2(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:121)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.accept(ForEachOps.java:183)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:177)
    at java.base/java.util.Iterator.forEachRemaining(Iterator.java:133)
    at java.base/java.util.Spliterators$IteratorSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Spliterators.java:1801)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:484)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:474)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:150)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ForEachOps$ForEachOp$OfRef.evaluateSequential(ForEachOps.java:173)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
    at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:497)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor$NodeExecutor.lambda$executeRecursively$3(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:121)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SingleTestExecutor.executeSafely(SingleTestExecutor.java:66)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor$NodeExecutor.executeRecursively(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:108)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor$NodeExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:79)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:55)
    at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:43)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:170)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:154)
    at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:90)
    at com.intellij.junit5.JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit5IdeaTestRunner.java:74)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)


Process finished with exit code -1

我的测试如下所示：

package com.anuragbhandari.hackerrank;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertAll;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

@Nested
@DisplayName("given a valid array of integers and a rotation count")
class CorrectnessTests {
    @Test
    @DisplayName("perform the given number of left rotations and return the correct output")
    void checkLeftRotationOutput() {
        int[] arrayOne = new int[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
        int arrayOneRotations = 4;
        int[] arrayOneRotated = new int[] {5, 1, 2, 3, 4};
        int[] arrayTwo = new int[] {41, 73, 89, 7, 10, 1, 59, 58, 84, 77, 77, 97, 58, 1, 86, 58, 26, 10, 86, 51};
        int arrayTwoRotations = 10;
        int[] arrayTwoRotated = new int[] {77, 97, 58, 1, 86, 58, 26, 10, 86, 51, 41, 73, 89, 7, 10, 1, 59, 58, 84, 77};
        assertAll(() -> assertArrayEquals(arrayOneRotated, ArrayLeftRotation.rotLeft(arrayOne, arrayOneRotations)),
                  () -> assertArrayEquals(arrayTwoRotated, ArrayLeftRotation.rotLeft(arrayTwo, arrayTwoRotations)));
    }
}

【问题讨论】：

    标签： java intellij-idea junit


    【解决方案1】：

    原来我的类路径中有一个“额外”库 - org.junit.vintage:junit-vintage-engine。从类路径中删除它修复了错误。

    【讨论】：

      【解决方案2】：

      即使我的测试成功运行，我在运行测试时也遇到了同样的异常。就我而言，我试图在同一个项目中同时运行 JUnit4 和 JUnit5 测试。 This post对我帮助很大。

      起初，我复制了相同的配置，但是当我尝试运行时 mvn install，跳过了 JUnit 5 测试。将 surefire.version 更改为 2.22.0 修复了它。我删除了 junit-platform-surefire-provider 依赖项，因为它不再需要（请参阅 this answer）。虽然在我的情况下，需要 junit-jupiter-engine 否则 mvn install 不起作用。

      现在，我可以成功运行我的测试，并且不会出现警告。希望对其他人有所帮助。

      【讨论】：

      • 第一个链接失效
      【解决方案3】：

      在 Gradle 中指定 JUnit 引擎可以解决问题：

      test {
    useJUnitPlatform {
        includeEngines 'junit-jupiter'
    }
}

      【讨论】：

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