注解@GeneratedValue 导致 InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException答案

【问题标题】：Annotation @GeneratedValue caused InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException注解@GeneratedValue 导致 InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException
【发布时间】：2019-03-08 07:10:04
【问题描述】：

我有两个以多对多关系连接的类：

Book.java

@Entity
@Table(name = "book")
public class Book {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "book_id")
    private Long id;
    @Column(nullable = false)
    private String title;
    private String description;
    @Column(name = "release_date")
    @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
    private Date releaseDate;
    @JoinColumn(name = "cover_image")
    @OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.MERGE)
    private UploadFile coverImage;
    @OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.MERGE)
    private UploadFile content;
    @ManyToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinTable(name = "book_category", joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "book_id", referencedColumnName = "id")},
        inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "category_id", referencedColumnName = "id")})
    private Set<Category> categories;
}

Category.java

@Entity
@Table(name = "category")
public class Category {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "category_id")
    private Long id;
    @Column(name = "category_name")
    private String name;
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "categories", fetch = FetchType.LAZY) // I also tried an option with adding cascade = CascadeType.ALL
    private List<Book> books;
}

当我想将书籍添加到数据库时，我收到以下异常：

org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: detached entity passed to persist: com.github.model.Category; nested exception is org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: com.github.model.Category

有趣的是，从 Category 类中删除 @GeneratedValue 注释会使一切都尽可能正常工作。要添加书籍，我扩展了 JpaRepository：

public interface Repository extends JpaRepository<Book, Long>{
}

然后

Repository repository;
repository.save(book);

我在使用 h2 数据库时也应该很重要。查看所有代码可以访问我的github：https://github.com/mmaciula/Library/tree/master/src/main/java/com/github

编辑

在我添加了@Column 注释后，InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException 的问题就解决了。但是，映射集合的问题出现了。这是我收到的堆栈跟踪：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.AnnotationException: Unable to map collection com.github.model.Book.categories
Caused by: org.hibernate.AnnotationException: Unable to map collection com.github.model.Book.categories
Caused by: org.hibernate.cfg.RecoverableException: Unable to find column with logical name: id in org.hibernate.mapping.Table(book) and its related supertables and secondary tables
Caused by: org.hibernate.MappingException: Unable to find column with logical name: id in org.hibernate.mapping.Table(book) and its related supertables and secondary tables

编辑 2

当我将 @JoinTable 中的 referencedColumnName 从 id 更改为 book_id 时，我收到了如下所示的 DataIntegrityViolationException：

org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException: could not execute statement; SQL [n/a]; constraint ["FKAM8LLDERP40MVBBWCEQPU6L2S: PUBLIC.BOOK_CATEGORY FOREIGN KEY(CATEGORY_ID) REFERENCES PUBLIC.CATEGORY(CATEGORY_ID) (1)"; SQL statement:
insert into book_category (book_id, category_id) values (?, ?) [23506-196]]; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.ConstraintViolationException: could not execute statement

【问题讨论】：

似乎您只需要添加 CascadeType.ALL 作为该关系的级联类型。这应该使它工作 @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "categories", fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascadeType=CascadeType.ALL)
@GSUgambit 我尝试添加CascadeType.ALL，但仍然出现异常。
也许您应该将级联类型添加到类别侧。您的问题的根源是该类别没有持久化，因此它无法将书保存到“分离”[未保存/由休眠管理]类别。通常 casecade 类型可以解决这个问题。抱歉，我有点困，但也许将其添加到其他课程会对您有所帮助。否则，您应该在尝试保留该书之前保留该类别，尽管我认为您不必这样做。
在将级联类型添加到类别端后，我遇到了另一个异常：org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException: could not execute statement; SQL [n/a]; constraint ["FKAM8LLDERP40MVBBWCEQPU6L2S: PUBLIC.BOOK_CATEGORY FOREIGN KEY(CATEGORY_ID) REFERENCES PUBLIC.CATEGORY(ID) (2)"; SQL statement: insert into book_category (book_id, category_id) values (?, ?) [23506-196]]; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.ConstraintViolationException: could not execute statement
我看到您在表中引用了列，但发布的代码没有 ID 所需的注释。将 AT 更改为注释（它认为我试图标记人）在书中你应该 ATColumn(name = "book_id") ATId ATGeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long id;并在类别 ATColumn(name = "category_id") ATId ATGeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long id;

标签： java spring-boot jpa

【解决方案1】：

可能的解决方案1：删除(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)

可能的解决方案2：在@ManyToMany(mappedBy = "categories", fetch = FetchType.LAZY,cascade = CascadeType.ALL)中添加(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)

请参考：https://stackoverflow.com/a/45781533/6572971

【讨论】：

我尝试了两种解决方案，但没有一个适合我。