在数组中搜索 char

Question

我正在创建一个 java 程序，并坚持在数组中搜索字符的概念。

代码用于创建一个刽子手游戏，其中一部分将显示部分完成的刽子手、一个字母表和一组空格（“_”），以表示需要猜测的单词的长度。每次猜后，我需要从字母表中取出猜出的字母（这是我现在正在做的部分），如果猜对了，用那个字母替换单词中的空白，或者如果它是错误的猜猜，完成另一个刽子手。

我之前只创建了代码来搜索数组中的数字，而不是字符。我一直在浏览我的书和互联网，但找不到解决方案。

没有人知道这样做的方法或我可以在哪里找到方法吗？

抱歉，我已经发布了一个关于此作业的问题，但几天后就要到期了，我正在苦苦挣扎。

到目前为止，这是我的代码（我正在努力解决的部分位于最底部）：

public static void main(String[] args)
{
    String[] words =
    {
        "javascript", "declaration", "object", "program", "failing"
    };
    //generate random word from list
    Random rnd = new Random();

    String rndWord = words[rnd.nextInt(words.length)];

    //gets length of generated word
    char[] displayArray = new char[rndWord.length()];
    //displays "_" for number of chars in word
    for (int i = 0; i < rndWord.length(); i++)
    {
        displayArray[i] = '_';
    }

    char[] alphabet =
    {
        'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j',
        +'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w',
        +'x', 'y', 'z'
    };
    String hangman
            = "Let's Play Hangman!!" + "\n"
            + "-------------" + "\n"
            + "|" + "\n"
            + "|" + "\n"
            + "|" + "\n"
            + "|" + "\n"
            + "|" + "\n"
            + "|" + "\n"
            + "|" + "\n"
            + "|" + "\n"
            + "\n" + Arrays.toString(displayArray) + "\n"
            + "       ";

    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, hangman + " "
            + Arrays.toString(alphabet) + " ");
}

//get letter
public static char guess()
{
    String guessStr = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter a letter to guess: ");

    // check if have at least one letter
    if (guessStr.length() > 0)
    {

    }
    char guessChar = guessStr.charAt(0);
    return guessChar;
}

//remove guess from alphabet
private char[] getCharArray(char[] array)
{
   //this is the part I'm not sure about
}

Answer 1

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class MatchingWordsInStream {
 Map < String, Integer > map;
 String input;
 char arr[];
 int valueArr[];
 StringBuffer stringArr[];
 int space = 1;
 public MatchingWordsInStream(String input) {
  this.input = input;
 }
 public void initialiseCharArray() {
  arr = new char[input.length()];
  for (int i = 0; i < input.length(); i++) {
   arr[i] = input.charAt(i);
   if (arr[i] == ' ') space++;
  }
 }
 public void rCharCalculate() {
  stringArr = new StringBuffer[space];
  valueArr = new int[space];
  stringArr[0] = new StringBuffer();
  int index = 1;
  for (int i = 0; i < input.length(); i++) { //this loop make string array char
   ch = arr[i];
   if (ch == ' ') {
    stringArr[index] = new StringBuffer();
    ++index;
   } else {
    stringArr[index - 1] = stringArr[index - 1].append(arr[i]);
   }
  }
  for (int k = 0; k < stringArr.length; k++) {
   StringBuffer s = stringArr[k];
   for (int j = 0; j < stringArr.length; j++) {
    if (s.toString().equals(stringArr[j].toString())) {
     valueArr[k] += 1;
    }
   }
  }
 }
 public void result() {
  map = new HashMap < String, Integer > ();
  for (int i = 0; i < stringArr.length; i++) {
   map.put(stringArr[i].toString(), valueArr[i]);
  }
  System.out.println(map);
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  MatchingWordsInStream obj = new MatchingWordsInStream("$INDIAN$ wangi bk. wangi bk. 1010 0101 0101 hi hi ii ii ii ii");
  obj.initialiseCharArray();
  //make string to char array
  obj.rCharCalculate();
  obj.result();
  //just for display
 }
}
}

---

Answer 2

您可以使用contains() 方法在列表中查找字符。通过char c = guessStr.toLowerCase().toCharArray()[0]; 从玩家输入的guessStr 获取字符。并通过if (guessedCharList.contains(new Character(c))) 在列表中搜索。 List 只能存储对象，所以我们必须将char 原始类型通过new Character(c) 转换为对象Character。

下面的代码会帮助你！但是你应该对其进行优化。

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

public class HangMan {

    private static List<Character> guessedCharList = new ArrayList<Character>();
    private static List<Character> validCharList = new ArrayList<Character>();
    private static String rndWord = null;

    private static int numberOfWrongGuess = 0;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] words = { "javascript", "declaration", "object", "program",
                "failing" };
        // generate random word from list
        Random rnd = new Random();

        rndWord = words[rnd.nextInt(words.length)];
        System.out.println(rndWord);
        // gets length of generated word
        char[] displayArray = new char[rndWord.length()];
        // displays "_" for number of chars in word

        for (int i = 0; i < rndWord.length(); i++) {
            displayArray[i] = '_';
        }
        char[] alphabet = { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j',
                +'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v',
                'w', +'x', 'y', 'z' };

        String hangman = null;
        boolean finished = false;
        do {

            hangman = "Let's Play Hangman!!" + "\n" + "-------------" + "\n"
                    + "|" + "\n" + "|" + "\n" + "|" + "\n" + "|" + "\n" + "|"
                    + "\n" + "|" + "\n" + "|" + "\n" + "|" + "\n" + "\n"
                    + Arrays.toString(displayArray) + "\n" + "       ";

            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,
                    hangman + " " + Arrays.toString(alphabet) + " ");
            guess();

            for (int i = 0; i < rndWord.length(); i++) {

                if (validCharList.contains(rndWord.charAt(i)))
                    displayArray[i] = rndWord.charAt(i);
                else
                    displayArray[i] = '_';
            }

            for (char c : displayArray) {
                if (c == '_') {
                    finished = false;
                    break;
                } else
                    finished = true;
            }

            if (numberOfWrongGuess >= 5) { // 5 wrong guess: "he was hanged."
                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Man was hanged!");
                finished = true;
            }
        } while (!finished);

        hangman = "Let's Play Hangman!!" + "\n" + "-------------" + "\n" + "|"
                + "\n" + "|" + "\n" + "|" + "\n" + "|" + "\n" + "|" + "\n"
                + "|" + "\n" + "|" + "\n" + "|" + "\n" + "\n"
                + Arrays.toString(displayArray) + "\n" + "       ";
        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,
                hangman + " " + Arrays.toString(alphabet) + " ");
    }

    // get letter
    public static String guess() {
        String guessStr = "";

        while (guessStr == null || guessStr.trim().isEmpty()
                || guessStr.length() > 1) {
            guessStr = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("Enter a letter to guess: ");
        }

        char c = guessStr.toLowerCase().toCharArray()[0];

        if (guessedCharList.contains(new Character(c))) {
            JOptionPane
                    .showMessageDialog(null, "You already give that answer!");
            guess();
        }

        guessedCharList.add(new Character(c));

        if (rndWord.contains(c + "")) {
            validCharList.add(new Character(c));
            return c + "";
        } else {
            numberOfWrongGuess++;
            return "";
        }
    }
}

Answer 3

问题是数组在初始化后无法更改大小。一些解决方案是：

您可以使用列表（例如 java.utils.ArrayList）。这样您就可以动态搜索和删除条目。

另一种可能性是使用其他不使用的字符，例如“-”。替换字符而不是删除条目。这样你在访问数组时必须检查。