如何输出连接到它的大写长度的字符串

Question

在我试图创建的这个程序中，我有一个方法来获取一个字符串来计算大写字母的数量。在程序结束时，我想显示与其字符串关联的最小数量和与其字符串关联的最大数量，这是我遇到问题的地方。有没有办法以某种方式将这些连接或关联在一起？到目前为止，这是我的代码：

import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Please input a string:");
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
        String s1 = input.nextLine();
        String s2 = input.nextLine();
        String s3 = input.nextLine();
        int i1 = sumLetter(s1);
        int i2 = sumLetter(s2);
        int i3 = sumLetter(s3);


        int[] array = new int[3];
        array[0] = i1;
        array[1] = i2;
        array[2] = i3;
        Arrays.sort(array);

        System.out.println(s1 + " has a maximum number of uppercase: "+ array[2]);
        System.out.println(s3 + " has a maximum number of uppercase: "+ array[0]);


    }
    public static int sumLetter(String m) {
        int count = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < m.length();i++) {
            if(Character.isUpperCase(m.charAt(i)))
                count++;
        }
        return count;
    }

    }

Answer 1

您可以使用正则表达式来处理这个问题，如下所示：

public static void main(String[] args) {
  String str = "This string has FIVE uppercase characters within itself.";
  System.out.println(str.replaceAll("[^\\p{javaUpperCase}]","").length());
}

输出：

5

这大致相当于以下内容：

public static void main(String[] args) {
  String str = "This string has FIVE uppercase characters within itself.";
  int uppercases = 0;
  for(char c : str.toCharArray()) {
    uppercases += Character.isUpperCase(c) ? 1 : 0;
  }
  System.out.println(uppercases);
}

输出：

5

现在，假设您在某个方法中具有此功能（您已经这样做了）：

public static int sumLetter(String m) { ... }

您希望将字符串与大写长度相关联。制作一个简单的数据类：

final class StringWithUppercaseSize {
  public final String string;
  public final int uppercaseLength;

  public StringWithUppercaseSize(String string, int uppercaseLength) {
    this.string = string;
    this.uppercaseLength = uppercaseLength;
  }

  public int getUppercaseLength() {
    return this.uppercaseLength;
  }
}

现在，您创建一个包含这些对象的数组：

Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String s1 = input.nextLine();
String s2 = input.nextLine();
String s3 = input.nextLine();
int i1 = sumLetter(s1);
int i2 = sumLetter(s2);
int i3 = sumLetter(s3);
StringWithUppercaseSize[] sizes = { new StringWithUppercaseSize(s1, i1), new StringWithUppercaseSize(s2, i2), new StringWithUppercaseSize(s3, i3) };

按大写大小对数组进行排序：

Arrays.sort(sizes, Comparator.comparing(StringWithUppercaseSize::getUppercaseLength));

输出最小/最大大写字符串/长度：

System.out.println(sizes[0].string + " has a minimum number of uppercase: "+ sizes[0].uppercaseLength);
System.out.println(sizes[2].string + " has a maximum number of uppercase: "+ sizes[2].uppercaseLength);

输入：

Abc
abc
aBC

输出：

abc has a minimum number of uppercase: 0
aBC has a maximum number of uppercase: 2

这是我的完整测试代码：

Main.java

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Please input a string:");
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
        String s1 = input.nextLine();
        String s2 = input.nextLine();
        String s3 = input.nextLine();
        int i1 = sumLetter(s1);
        int i2 = sumLetter(s2);
        int i3 = sumLetter(s3);
        StringWithUppercaseSize[] sizes = { new StringWithUppercaseSize(s1, i1), new StringWithUppercaseSize(s2, i2), new StringWithUppercaseSize(s3, i3) };
        Arrays.sort(sizes, Comparator.comparing(StringWithUppercaseSize::getUppercaseLength));
        System.out.println(sizes[0].string + " has a minimum number of uppercase: "+ sizes[0].uppercaseLength);
        System.out.println(sizes[2].string + " has a maximum number of uppercase: "+ sizes[2].uppercaseLength);
    }
    public static int sumLetter(String m) {
        int count = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < m.length();i++) {
            if(Character.isUpperCase(m.charAt(i)))
                count++;
        }
        return count;
    }
}

StringWithUppercaseSize.java

final class StringWithUppercaseSize {
  public final String string;
  public final int uppercaseLength;

  public StringWithUppercaseSize(String string, int uppercaseLength) {
    this.string = string;
    this.uppercaseLength = uppercaseLength;
  }

  public int getUppercaseLength() {
    return this.uppercaseLength;
  }
}

最后，请注意，不要在您打算保留和维护的代码中执行此操作。有很多方法可以使事情更具可读性和可维护性。例如，您可以为数据类编写实际的 getter/setter。您可以将公共数据成员设为私有以保留信息隐藏。您可以将用户输入附加到列表中，然后使用诸如 for-each 循环之类的东西来创建另一个大写大小的列表。您可以使用 for-each 循环遍历这两个列表，以创建 StringWithUppercaseSizes 的列表。您可能可以使用带有 Collectors.maxBy 的 Stream 来查找最大元素而不是排序等。