如何在 Python 中将数字转换为符号（数学）答案

【问题标题】：How to Convert Number into Signs (Math) in Python如何在 Python 中将数字转换为符号（数学）
【发布时间】：2019-07-26 16:14:00
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试使用两个随机数（1、10）进行数学测验，并随机选择总和、差或乘积。我使用z = random.randint(1, 3) 来生成总和、差异或乘积，但我想使用这些数字转换为“x”、“/”或“+”等符号来显示输出来询问问题，因为我是 Python 语言的新手，并且我正在尝试学习如何将数字转换为符号。

我的代码在这里：

import random

def askNum():
  while(1):
    try:
      userInput = int(input("Enter a number: "))
      break
    except ValueError:
      print("Incorrect Input!")

  return userInput

def askQuestion():
  x = random.randint(1, 10)
  y = random.randint(1, 10)
  z = random.randint(1, 3)

  print(" 1 = product \n 2 = sum \n 3 = difference")
  print("What is " + str(x)+" " + str(z)+" " + str(y)+"?")

  u = askNum()
  if z == 1 and u==x*y:
    return 1  #product
  elif z == 2 and u==x+y:
    return 1 #sum
  elif z == 3 and u==x/y:
    return 1 #difference
  else:
    return 0
amount = 10
correct = 0
for i in range(amount):
  correct += askQuestion()

print("You got %d correct out of %d" % (correct, amount))

现实输出：

dm15125@isu:/u1/work/Python/math> python3 mathquiz.py
 1 = product
 2 = sum
 3 = difference
What is 4 2 6?
Enter a number: 10
 1 = product
 2 = sum
 3 = difference
What is 7 2 6?
Enter a number: 13
 1 = product
 2 = sum
 3 = difference
What is 3 2 3?
Enter a number: 6
 1 = product
 2 = sum
 3 = difference
What is 8 3 4?
Enter a number: 2
 1 = product
 2 = sum
 3 = difference
What is 8 3 10?
Enter a number: 0.8
Incorrect Input!
Enter a number: .8
Incorrect Input!
Enter a number: 0
 1 = product
 2 = sum
 3 = difference
What is 2 2 6?
Enter a number: 8
 1 = product
 2 = sum
 3 = difference
What is 6 3 4?
Enter a number: 1.5
Incorrect Input!
Enter a number: 2
 1 = product
 2 = sum
 3 = difference
What is 7 1 10?
Enter a number: 70
 1 = product
 2 = sum
 3 = difference
What is 9 2 5?
Enter a number: 14
 1 = product
 2 = sum
 3 = difference
What is 5 1 10?
Enter a number: 50
You got 8 correct out of 10

预期输出：

dm15125@isu:/u1/work/Python/math> python3 mathquiz.py
What is 4 + 6?
Enter a number: 10
What is 7 + 6?
Enter a number: 13
What is 3 + 3?
Enter a number: 6
What is 8 / 4?
Enter a number: 2
What is 8 / 10?
Enter a number: 0.8
Incorrect Input!
Enter a number: .8
Incorrect Input!
Enter a number: 0
What is 2 + 6?
Enter a number: 8
What is 6 / 4?
Enter a number: 1.5
Incorrect Input!
Enter a number: 2
What is 7 * 10?
Enter a number: 70
What is 9 + 5?
Enter a number: 14
What is 5 * 10?
Enter a number: 50
You got 8 correct out of 10

【问题讨论】：

标签： python python-3.x math random converters

【解决方案1】：

在这部分代码中：

print(" 1 = product \n 2 = sum \n 3 = difference")
print("What is " + str(x)+" " + str(z)+" " + str(y)+"?")

代替str(z)，定义一个类似ops = ['*', '+', '-'] 的列表并使用ops[z - 1]。 - 1 是因为您的 z 从 1 开始，但数组索引从零开始。所以你的功能会变成：

def askQuestion():
    ops = ['*', '+', '-']
    x = random.randint(1, 10)
    y = random.randint(1, 10)
    z = random.randint(1, 3)

    print(" 1 = product \n 2 = sum \n 3 = difference")
    print("What is " + str(x) + " " + ops[z - 1] + " " + str(y) + "?")

    u = askNum()
    if z == 1 and u==x*y:
        return 1  #product
    elif z == 2 and u==x+y:
        return 1 #sum
    elif z == 3 and u==x/y:
        return 1 #difference
    else:
        return 0

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

您可以在 askQuestion 函数中使用“if”语句来选择要打印的符号。

或者可以使用这样的列表：

symbols_list = ['*','+','-']

symbols_list[z-1]

然后使用“z”值对其进行索引（记住第一个位置是用0而不是1来索引的）。

或者使用以“z”为关键字的字典来检索适当的符号：

symbols_dict = {1:'*', 2:'+',3:'-'}

symbols_dict[z]

如您所见，有很多选择，只需选择您更喜欢的一个即可。

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

您可以使用字典来执行此操作：

operators = {
   1: "+",
   2: "-",
   3: "/",
   4: "*"
}
operators = operator[z] // where z is the random integer for gettig the operator.

在你的打印语句中

print("What is " + str(x)+" " + str(operator)+" " + str(y)+"?")

【讨论】：