如何修改 .split 函数以应用于不同的字母数字输入？

Question

我有以下两种输入：

## Case 1 (a)
# Input #1(a)
>qrst
ABC 10 9 7
>qqqq
ACC 2 5 3

# Case 1 (b) --> Simplified form of Case 1(a)
# Input #1()
>qrst
A 10
>qqqq
A 2

# After reading in the file and making it a list I store the above in l
l = ['ABC 10 9 7', 'ACC 2 5 3'] # Case 1(a)
l = ['A 10', 'A 2'] # Case 1(b)

 #In the following code I split the alpha-numeric elements above and
 #create separate lists where I store the alphabets alone (in list "sequences") and 
 #numeric alone (in list "qualities")

ll = len(l)
all_inputs = [] 
for i in range(0,ll):
    sq = l[i]
    sequence = sq.split(" ")[0] ## Stores only the alphabets
    qualities = sq.split(" ")[1:] ## Stores only the numeric
    qualities = filter(None, qualities)
    for sub in sequence:
        if sub == "-":
            idx = list(sequence).index(sub)
            qualities.insert(idx,"0")  
    all_inputs.append((sequence, qualities))
    print 

   #Case1(a) Output reads currently reads as
   A   #print sequence
   ['2']  #print qualities

我遇到另一种类型的输入文件如下：

## Case 2
 #  Input #2
 >qrst
A    #No space after A

10
>qqqq
A    #No space after A

2

Here 
l = ['A10', 'A2']

I use the same code as above

#Case2 Output reads currently reads as
A2 #print sequences
[] #print qualities

我需要#Case 2 也有输出 #print 序列 ['2'] #打印质量

如何修改上面的代码，使其可以同时容纳 ['ABC 10 9 7', 'ACC 2 5 3'] 或 ['A 10','A 2'] 或 ['A10',' A2'] 类型的输入文件/'l'？ 我需要案例 2 具有与案例 1(b) 相同的输出，以便稍后可以应用相同的代码行。但请记住，它必须是案例 1 和案例 2 的通用代码。

Answer 1

正则表达式将是一个很好的方法，您正在寻找一个字母([A-Z])，后跟一个可选空格?，后跟一个或多个数字(\d+)：

>>> import re
>>> re.match('([A-Z]) ?(\d+)', 'A10').groups()
('A', '10')
>>> re.match('([A-Z]) ?(\d+)', 'A 10').groups()
('A', '10')

Answer 2

这行得通吗：

import re

input_seq = "A10 B   20 C30 D1 Z   67"
input_raw = re.split(r'([A-Z]) *(\d+)' , input_seq)
input_clean = [x for x in input_raw if x and not x.isspace()]
print zip(input_clean[::2], input_clean[1::2])

给予：

[('A', '10'), ('B', '20'), ('C', '30'), ('D', '1'), ('Z', '67')]

如果你改变最后一个表达式：

print [ "{} {}".format(*x) for x in zip(input_clean[::2], input_clean[1::2]) ]

你得到：

['A 10', 'B 20', 'C 30', 'D 1', 'Z 67']

或者，您可以尝试规范化输入：

input_seq = "A10 B   20 C30 D1 Z   67"
print re.sub(r'([A-Z]) *(\d+)', r'\1 \2', input_seq)

这将打印：

A 10 B 20 C 30 D 1 Z 67

如果您只想修改输入列表：

l = ['A10', 'A2']
l = [ re.sub(r'([A-Z]) *(\d+)', r'\1 \2', x) for x in l]
print l

打印出来：

['A 10', 'A 2']