首先,将您的项目设置设置为使用 UTF-8 编码而不是 windows-1251。直到标准库变得非常好(不是很快),如果你想正确处理 io,你基本上不能依赖它。要从 Windows 上的文件中读取输入流,您需要编写自己的自定义输入流缓冲区,该缓冲区使用 2 字节宽的字符打开文件或依赖此类例程的某些第三方实现。这是一些不完整的(但对于您的示例来说已经足够了)实现:
// assuming that usual Windows SDK macros such as _UNICODE, WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN are defined above
#include <Windows.h>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <system_error>
#include <memory>
#include <utility>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdio>
static_assert(2 == sizeof(wchar_t), "wchar_t size must be 2 bytes");
using namespace ::std;
class MyStreamBuf final: public streambuf
{
#pragma region Fields
private: ::HANDLE const m_file_handle;
private: char m_buffer; // typically buffer should be much bigger
#pragma endregion
public: explicit
MyStreamBuf(wchar_t const * psz_file_path)
: m_file_handle(::CreateFileW(psz_file_path, FILE_GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, nullptr, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL))
, m_buffer{}
{
if(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == m_file_handle)
{
auto const error_code{::GetLastError()};
throw(system_error(static_cast< int >(error_code), system_category(), "::CreateFileW call failed"));
}
}
public:
~MyStreamBuf(void)
{
auto const closed{::CloseHandle(m_file_handle)};
if(FALSE == closed)
{
auto const error_code{::GetLastError()};
//throw(::std::system_error(static_cast< int >(error_code), system_category(), "::CloseHandle call failed"));
// throwing in destructor is kinda wrong
// but if CloseHandle returned false then our program is in inconsistent state
// and must be terminated anyway
(void) error_code; // not used
abort();
}
}
private: auto
underflow(void) -> int_type override
{
::DWORD bytes_count_to_read{1};
::DWORD read_bytes_count{};
{
auto const succeeded{::ReadFile(m_file_handle, addressof(m_buffer), bytes_count_to_read, addressof(read_bytes_count), nullptr)};
if(FALSE == succeeded)
{
auto const error_code{::GetLastError()};
setg(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
throw(system_error(static_cast< int >(error_code), system_category(), "::ReadFile call failed"));
}
}
if(0 == read_bytes_count)
{
setg(nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
return(EOF);
}
setg(addressof(m_buffer), addressof(m_buffer), addressof(m_buffer) + 1);
return(m_buffer);
}
};
string
MyReadFile(wchar_t const * psz_file_path)
{
istream in(new MyStreamBuf(psz_file_path)); // note that we create normal stream
string new_line;
string file_content;
while(in.good())
{
getline(in, new_line);
file_content += new_line;
}
return(::std::move(file_content));
}
int
main(void)
{
string content = MyReadFile(L"C:\\test\\документ.txt"); // note that path is a wide string
cout << content << endl;
return 0;
}