在 MacOS Catalina 10.15.5 上使用公钥的 SSH 身份验证失败

Question

今天将我的 Macbook 升级到 MacOS Catalina 10.15.5 后，所有 SSH 身份验证突然无法使用公钥并一直要求输入密码。这发生在 git 操作（fetch、pullpush 等）和普通的 ssh 命令（如ssh -T user@host）上。

这里是运行ssh -T git@github.com时的日志：

The authenticity of host 'github.com (13.229.188.59)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:<removed>.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'github.com,13.229.188.59' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
git@github.com's password:

以及运行时的日志ssh -vv git@github.com:

OpenSSH_8.1p1, LibreSSL 2.7.3
debug1: Reading configuration data /Users/ethanify/.ssh/config
debug1: /Users/ethanify/.ssh/config line 1: Applying options for *
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 47: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to github.com port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /Users/ethanify/.ssh/id_rsa type 0
debug1: identity file /Users/ethanify/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.1
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.8
debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.8 pat OpenSSH_5* compat 0x0c000002
debug1: Authenticating to github.com:22 as 'git'
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,ext-info-c
debug2: host key algorithms: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-ed25519,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa
debug2: ciphers ctos: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: ciphers stoc: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com
debug2: MACs ctos: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
debug2: compression stoc: none,zlib@openssh.com,zlib
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1
debug2: host key algorithms: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug2: ciphers ctos: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se
debug2: ciphers stoc: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,rijndael-cbc@lysator.liu.se
debug2: MACs ctos: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: MACs stoc: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,umac-64@openssh.com,hmac-ripemd160,hmac-ripemd160@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96
debug2: compression ctos: none,zlib@openssh.com
debug2: compression stoc: none,zlib@openssh.com
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug1: kex: algorithm: ecdh-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: aes128-ctr MAC: umac-64@openssh.com compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: aes128-ctr MAC: umac-64@openssh.com compression: none
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:Gwbn26Gf3nYoWOlYU+zedfN1+/xarK1IGY8Q0hRKn5I
debug1: Host 'github.com' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /Users/ethanify/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: rekey out after 4294967296 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: rekey in after 4294967296 blocks
debug1: Will attempt key: /Users/ethanify/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:gjCBKBqeUDLkQTwHEZ8/Nfg+MgQqJfZSKHBvJziCtAw agent
debug1: Will attempt key: /Users/ethanify/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:r/tGt0RaElw9VBSO5dtXxtH0TvsAkY63MlQe/xnZGlk explicit
debug2: pubkey_prepare: done
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering public key: /Users/ethanify/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:<removed> agent
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive
debug1: Offering public key: /Users/ethanify/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:<removed> explicit
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive
debug2: userauth_kbdint
debug2: we sent a keyboard-interactive packet, wait for reply
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug1: Next authentication method: password
git@github.com's password:

~/.ssh/config的内容：

Host *
  AddKeysToAgent yes
  UseKeychain yes
  IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa

到目前为止我已经尝试过（但不起作用）的事情：

• 删除旧的 SSH 密钥并使用 the official instructions from Github 创建新密钥
• chmoding ~/.ssh 文件夹内容：

  $ ls -l ~/.ssh
  -rw-r--r-- 1 ethanify staff   75 config
  -r-------- 1 ethanify staff 3.4K id_rsa
  -r--r--r-- 1 ethanify staff  748 id_rsa.pub
  -rw-r--r-- 1 ethanify staff  537 known_hosts
  

• 生成新的 ED25519 密钥：

  $ ssh-keygen -o -a 100 -t ed25519 -f ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 -C "my email"
  

系统信息：

• 操作系统：macOS Catalina 10.15.5 19F101 x86_64
• 主持人：MacBookPro11,5
• 内核：19.5.0
• ssh 版本：OpenSSH_8.1p1, LibreSSL 2.7.3

现在我该如何摆脱它？

Answer 1

GitHub 的官方说明使用的是 rsa 密钥，而不是 ed25519。

尝试创建一个，无需密码。
或者至少，check in the Keychain Access.app 为该密钥记录的密码是正确的。

话虽如此，这是真的there was a but with SSH recently

问题在于，在 Apple 的 macOS 10.15.4 更新中，released on March 24 尝试使用服务器名称而不是 IP 地址打开到大于 8192 的端口的 SSH 连接不再有效 - 对于某些用户来说最少。

但这不应该是你的情况（并且是reported fixed with 10.15.5）。