SQL Server Express 2008、联接和超时已过期错误消息

Question

我有一个执行相当多的连接的存储过程。查询虽然运行得非常快，大约 3 秒。我只是无法弄清楚每隔一段时间就会弹出以下错误。我将使用此查询的文档缓存一分钟，这样它就不会一遍又一遍地运行。我正在使用 Entity Framework 5，我的存储过程正在使用 CTE 进行分页。有什么线索或见解吗？

 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException (0x80131904): Timeout expired.  The timeout period elapsed prior to completion of the operation or the server is not responding. ---> System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception (0x80004005): The wait operation timed out
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TryRun(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean& dataReady)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader.TryConsumeMetaData()
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader.get_MetaData()
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.FinishExecuteReader(SqlDataReader ds, RunBehavior runBehavior, String resetOptionsString)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReaderTds(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, Boolean async, Int32 timeout, Task& task, Boolean asyncWrite)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReader(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, String method, TaskCompletionSource`1 completion, Int32 timeout, Task& task, Boolean asyncWrite)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReader(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, String method)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior behavior, String method)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.ExecuteDbDataReader(CommandBehavior behavior)
   at System.Data.Common.DbCommand.ExecuteReader()
   at System.Data.Objects.ObjectContext.ExecuteStoreQueryInternal[TElement](String commandText, String entitySetName, MergeOption mergeOption, Object[] parameters)
   at System.Data.Objects.ObjectContext.ExecuteStoreQuery[TElement](String commandText, Object[] parameters)
   at System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.ExecuteSqlQuery[TElement](String sql, Object[] parameters)
   at System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.ExecuteSqlQueryAsIEnumerable[TElement](String sql, Object[] parameters)
   at System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.ExecuteSqlQuery(Type elementType, String sql, Object[] parameters)
   at System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalSqlNonSetQuery.GetEnumerator()
   at System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalSqlQuery`1.GetEnumerator()
   at System.Collections.Generic.List`1..ctor(IEnumerable`1 collection)
   at System.Linq.Enumerable.ToList[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
   at Tournaments.Data.Repositories.Games.GamesRepository.GetGamesPaged(IGamesCriteria criteria)

实体框架方法

 public PagedResult<GameComplex> GetGamesPaged(IGamesCriteria criteria)
        {
            var results = DataContext.Database.SqlQuery<GameComplex>("EXEC [Schema].[Database] @Page, @PageSize, @SortOrder, @SortDirection, @EventId, @DivisionId, @DivisionTeamId, @Date, @SearchToken, @MemberId",
                new SqlParameter("Page", criteria.Page),
                new SqlParameter("PageSize", criteria.PageSize),
                new SqlParameter("SortOrder", GetDataValue(criteria.SortOrder)), 
                new SqlParameter("SortDirection", GetDataValue(criteria.SortDirection)),
                new SqlParameter("EventId", GetDataValue(criteria.EventId)),
                new SqlParameter("DivisionTeamId", GetDataValue(criteria.DivisionTeamId)), 
                new SqlParameter("DivisionId", GetDataValue(criteria.DivisionId)), 
                new SqlParameter("Date", GetDataValue(criteria.Date)),
                new SqlParameter("SearchToken", GetDataValue(criteria.SearchToken)),
                new SqlParameter("MemberId", GetDataValue(criteria.MemberId))).ToList();

            return new PagedResult<GameComplex>
                       {
                           Page = criteria.Page,
                           PageSize = criteria.PageSize,
                           Total = results.Any(q => q != null) ? results.FirstOrDefault().Total : 0,
                           Results = results
                       };
        }

SQL Server 存储过程参数签名

ALTER PROCEDURE [Schema].[Database]
    @Page INT = 1,
    @PageSize INT = 10,
    @SortOrder NVARCHAR(100) = 'Id',
    @SortDirection VARCHAR(4) = 'ASC',
    @EventId INT = NULL,
    @DivisionId INT = NULL,
    @DivisionTeamId INT = NULL,
    @Date DATETIME = NULL,
    @SearchToken NVARCHAR(100) = NULL,
    @MemberId INT = NULL
AS

Answer 1

您可能需要调整命令超时。

见：

Set Command Timeout in entity framework 4.3

或

How to set CommandTimeout for DbContext?

编辑

命令超时：

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.data.sqlclient.sqlcommand.commandtimeout.aspx

连接超时：

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.data.sqlclient.sqlconnection.connectiontimeout.aspx

编辑：

另一个可能的问题是“参数嗅探”。

http://blogs.msdn.com/b/queryoptteam/archive/2006/03/31/565991.aspx

所以尝试其中一种参数嗅探解决方法：

ALTER PROCEDURE [Schema].[Database]
    @Page INT = 1,
    @PageSize INT = 10,
    @SortOrder NVARCHAR(100) = 'Id',
    @SortDirection VARCHAR(4) = 'ASC',
    @EventId INT = NULL,
    @DivisionId INT = NULL,
    @DivisionTeamId INT = NULL,
    @Date DATETIME = NULL,
    @SearchToken NVARCHAR(100) = NULL,
    @MemberId INT = NULL
AS

Declare @PageCopyOf int
Select @PageCopyOf = @Page


Declare @PageSizeCopyOf int
Select @PageSizeCopyOf = @PageSize

Declare @SortOrderCopyOf NVARCHAR(100)
Select @SortOrderCopyOf = @SortOrder

Declare @SortDirectionCopyOf VARCHAR(4) 
Select @SortDirectionCopyOf = @SortDirection

Declare @EventIdCopyOf int
Select @EventIdCopyOf = @EventId

Declare @DivisionIdCopyOf int
Select @DivisionIdCopyOf = @DivisionId 


Declare @DivisionTeamIdCopyOf int
Select @DivisionTeamIdCopyOf = @DivisionTeamId

Declare @DateCopyOf DATETIME
Select @DateCopyOf = @Date

Declare @SearchTokenCopyOf  NVARCHAR(100)
Select @SearchTokenCopyOf = @SearchToken

Declare @MemberIdCopyOf int
Select @MemberIdCopyOf = @MemberId

然后它下面的所有内容都使用/消耗@XXXXXCopyOf 变量而不是原始变量（名称）。

值得一试。

Answer 2

只是猜测，但查询仅在缓存时运行速度很快（3 秒）。否则，它需要更长的时间并超过您的服务器超时设置。由于 System.Data.SqlClient 正在引发异常，因此默认超时可能只有 15 秒。

MSDN: "The default value is 15 seconds"

或者，尝试 SQLCommand 对象的 CommandTimeout 属性，默认为 30 秒。

CommandTimeout