您缺少关联科目和学生的表格（根据第 2 点）：
// student [student_id] takes subject [subject_id]
takes(student_id, subject_id)
请注意，每个基表都有一个关联的语句模板，用于关于业务情况的语句，由列名参数化——它的（特征）谓词。使谓词为真的行进入表中。请注意，表定义看起来像是谓词的简写。
// teacher [id] named [name] with email [email] teaches subject [subject_id]
teacher(id, name, email, subject_id)
// subject [id] named [name] is [description]
subject(id, name, description)
// student [id] named [name] lives at [location])
student(id, name, location)
// batch [id] at venue [venue] was taught by teacher [teacher_id] on date [date]
batch(id, venue, teacher_id, date)
// student-batch [id] reports student [student_id] being in batch [batch_id]
student-batch(id, student_id, batch_id)
// CHECK student [student_id] takes the subject that is taught by the teacher of batch [batch_id]
但是在分批分配教师时会出现问题，在每个批次中只教授一门特定的科目，而且一名教师不能教多个科目。
由于您似乎对此感到困惑，我将根据我们如何推理表、约束和查询设计来推导出它。表达您想要的约束的一种方法似乎是上面注释的 CHECK。
要在 SQL 中表达任何表、约束或查询，我们首先要确定其谓词。然后我们可以将谓词转换为简写。然后我们可以将速记转换为 SQL。
谓词：
student [student_id] takes the subject that is taught by the teacher of batch [batch_id]
使用基表谓词：
FOR SOME k.*, t.*, b.* (
student_id = k.student_id AND batch_id = b.bid
AND student [k.student_id] takes subject [k.subject_id]
AND teacher [t.id] named [t.name] with email [t.email] teaches subject [t.subject_id]
AND batch [b.id] at venue [b.venue] was taught by teacher [b.teacher_id] on date [b.date]
AND [k.subject_id] = [t.subject_id]
AND [t.id] = [b.teacher_id])
使用速记：
FOR SOME k.*, t.*, b.* (
student_id = k.student_id AND batch_id = b.bid
AND takes(k.student_id, k.subject_id)
AND teacher(t.id, t.name, t.email, t.subject_id)
AND batch(b.id, b.venue, b.teacher_id, date)
AND k.subject_id = t.subject_id
AND t.id = b.teacher_id)
在 FROM 中，每个（可能是隐式的）别名代表一个类似于给定基表名称和/或子查询的表，但其值和谓词中的每一列都重命名为 alias。column。
我们通过在 SQL 中连接谓词的表来获得满足两个谓词的 AND 的行。如果我们想要满足条件 AND 的行，那么我们在 SQL 中使用 ON 或 WHERE。
SELECT 子句返回行，其中点列的 FOR SOME 值返回的（不带点的）列等于满足 FROM 谓词的点列的函数。
SQL：用表替换语句，用 JOIN 或 ON 或 WHERE 替换语句，用 SELECT 替换外部 FOR SOME & THERE EXISTS：
SELECT t.student_id AS student_id, b.bid AS batch_id
FROM takes k JOIN teacher t JOIN batch b
WHERE k.subject_id = t.subject_id
AND t.id = b.teacher_id
AND student_id = t.student_id
AND batch_id = b.id
满足两个谓词 OR 的行表是它们表的 UNION。对于 AND NOT，我们使用 EXCEPT（又名 MINUS）（或 LEFT JOIN 习语）。在 SQL 中无法查询所有列的 FOR SOME 或 THERE EXISTS，但如果我们想知道是否存在满足谓词的行，那么我们可以在具有该谓词的子查询周围使用 EXISTS。
假设我们要约束一个基表，以便每一行都满足某些列的谓词。即，对于所有列，如果它们满足基本谓词，那么它们满足查询谓词。即 FOR ALL 列如果它们形成的行在基数中，那么它在查询中。因此，我们要求在 SQL 中不存在（从基本查询中选择列）。或者对于我们在 SQL 中需要 EXISTS(query) 的基础中的每一行。
在标准 SQL 中，您可以 CREATE ASSERTION CHECK(NOT EXISTS (SELECT student_id, batch_id FROM student-batch EXCEPT query)) 或在 CREATE TABLE student-batch 中您可以 CHECK(EXISTS(query))。不幸的是，MySQL 或大多数 DBMS 不支持这些。如果您在批次后插入学生批次，那么您可以要求触发该 EXISTS（查询）。或者您可以添加某些列和复合 FK（外键）约束。
并且需要获取特定日期的信息，比如批次的 id、教师姓名、学生姓名。
现在我们正在编写一个查询。我们想要以下行：
FOR k.*, t.*, b.*, s.*, sb.* (
batch = b.id AND teacher = t.name AND student = s.name
AND takes(k.student_id, k.subject_id)
AND teacher(t.id, t.name, t.email, t.subject_id)
AND batch(b.id, b.venue, b.teacher_id, b.date)
AND student(s.id, s.name, s.location)
AND student-batch(sb.id, sb.student_id, sb.batch_id)
AND k.subject_id = t.subject_id
AND t.id = b.teacher_id
AND s.id = k.student_id
AND sb.student_id = k.student_id
AND sb.batch_id = b.id
AND @date = b.date)
这看起来像是具有不同返回列和添加行的约束谓词。 SQL 是直接翻译的。我们添加与学生的联接以获取学生姓名。我们添加了一个与 student-batch 的连接，因为约束不处理它；使用约束查询的上下文检查student-batch (student_id, batch_id) 子行是否在其中。
SELECT b.id AS batch, t.name AS teacher, s.name AS student
FROM takes k JOIN teacher t JOIN batch b JOIN student s JOIN student-batch sb
WHERE ... AND @date = date
你可以试试 ON 版本：
SELECT b.id AS Batch, t.name AS Teacher, s.name AS Student
FROM takes k
JOIN teacher t ON k.subject_id = t.subject_id
JOIN batch b ON t.id = b.teacher_id
JOIN ...
WHERE @date = b.date