Oracle sql - 将一个表中的 sql 行值作为列值计数添加到另一个表中

Question

我的架构中有以下表和值

CREATE TABLE products
(product_id NUMBER(5) NOT NULL,
 product_name VARCHAR2(10) NOT NULL,
 CONSTRAINT product_pk PRIMARY KEY (product_id)
);

CREATE TABLE packages
(package_id NUMBER(5) NOT NULL,
 package_name VARCHAR2(10) NOT NULL,
 CONSTRAINT package_pk PRIMARY KEY (package_id)
);

CREATE TABLE product_packages
(product_id NUMBER(5) NOT NULL,
 package_id NUMBER(5) NOT NULL,
 CONSTRAINT product_fk FOREIGN KEY (product_id) REFERENCES products(product_id),
 CONSTRAINT package_fk FOREIGN KEY (package_id) REFERENCES packages(package_id)
);

CREATE TABLE customers
(customer_id NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
 customer_name VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,
 CONSTRAINT customer_pk PRIMARY KEY (customer_id)
);

CREATE TABLE orders
(order_id NUMBER(5) NOT NULL,
 customer_id NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
 product_id NUMBER(5) NOT NULL,
 quantity NUMBER(5) NOT NULL,
 CONSTRAINT ord_customer_fk FOREIGN KEY (customer_id) REFERENCES customers(customer_id),
 CONSTRAINT ord_product_fk FOREIGN KEY (product_id) REFERENCES products(product_id)
);


INSERT  INTO products (product_id, product_name) VALUES (1, 'BARBB');
INSERT  INTO products (product_id, product_name) VALUES (2, 'BARHB');
INSERT  INTO products (product_id, product_name) VALUES (3, 'BARFB');
INSERT  INTO packages (package_id, package_name) VALUES (1, 'BRF');
INSERT  INTO packages (package_id, package_name) VALUES (2, 'LNC');
INSERT  INTO packages (package_id, package_name) VALUES (3, 'DNR');
INSERT  INTO product_packages (product_id, package_id) VALUES (1, 1);
INSERT  INTO product_packages (product_id, package_id) VALUES (2, 1);
INSERT  INTO product_packages (product_id, package_id) VALUES (2, 3);
INSERT  INTO product_packages (product_id, package_id) VALUES (3, 1);
INSERT  INTO product_packages (product_id, package_id) VALUES (3, 2);
INSERT  INTO product_packages (product_id, package_id) VALUES (3, 3);
INSERT  INTO customers (customer_id, customer_name) VALUES (1, 'John Smith');
INSERT  INTO customers (customer_id, customer_name) VALUES (2, 'Adam Nash');
INSERT  INTO orders (order_id, customer_id, product_id, quantity) VALUES (1, 1, 2, 1);
INSERT  INTO orders (order_id, customer_id, product_id, quantity) VALUES (2, 2, 3, 2);

我想要做的是在 PACKAGES 表中使用包名称向 ORDER 表中添加列；如果该产品包含相应的包装，则表示 QUANTITY 列值，否则为 0；结果应该是这样的

ORDER_ID    CUSTOMER_ID PRODUCT_ID  QUANTITY    BRF  LNC    DNR
--------    ----------- ----------  --------    ---  ---    ---
1           1           2           1           1    0      1
2           2           3           2           2    2      2

--更新：新问题 我可以在一张桌子上做多个枢轴吗？就像我将我的 ORDERS 表修改为

CREATE TABLE orders
(order_id NUMBER(5) NOT NULL,
 customer_id NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
 product_id NUMBER(5) NOT NULL,
 adl_q NUMBER(5) NOT NULL,
 kid_q NUMBER(5),
 CONSTRAINT ord_customer_fk FOREIGN KEY (customer_id) REFERENCES customers(customer_id),
 CONSTRAINT ord_product_fk FOREIGN KEY (product_id) REFERENCES products(product_id)
);

并且当kid_qty 不为零时，这意味着将创建新的相应包名称，并且也可以对它们进行旋转；对于 ORDER 表，如

INSERT  INTO orders (order_id, customer_id, product_id, adl_qty, kid_qty) VALUES (1, 1, 1, 1, 1);
INSERT  INTO orders (order_id, customer_id, product_id, adl_qty, kid_qty) VALUES (2, 2, 2, 2, 1);

你应该得到结果：

ORDER_ID  CUSTOMER_ID  PRODUCT_ID  ADL_Q  KD_Q  BRF LNC  DNR  KDBRF KDLNC KDDNR
--------  ----------- ----------  ------ ----  ---  ---  ---  -----  ----  ----
       1            1          1       1    1    1    0    1     1     0      0
       2            2          2       2    2    1    2    2     1     0      2 

Answer 1

您可以使用条件聚合（以及pivot）来做到这一点：

select o.order_id, o.customer_id, o.product_id, 
       sum(case when p.package_name = 'BRF' then o.quantity else 0 end) as brf,
       sum(case when p.package_name = 'LNC' then o.quantity else 0 end) as lnc,
       sum(case when p.package_name = 'DNR' then o.quantity else 0 end) as dnr
from orders o left join
     product_packages pp
     on o.product_id = pp.product_id left join
     packages p
     on pp.package_id = p.package_id
group by o.order_id, o.customer_id, o.product_id
order by o.order_id;

Answer 2

这个pivot 查询对我有用：

^{SQL Fiddle demo}

select order_id, customer_id, product_id, 
       nvl(brf, 0) brf, nvl(lnc, 0) lnc, nvl(dnr, 0) dnr
  from orders 
  left join (
    select product_id, package_name 
      from product_packages 
      join packages using (package_id))
    using (product_id) 
  pivot (max(quantity) for package_name in ('BRF' brf, 'LNC' lnc, 'DNR' dnr))
  order by order_id

结果：

ORDER_ID CUSTOMER_ID PRODUCT_ID        BRF        LNC        DNR
-------- ----------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
       1           1          2          1          0          1
       2           2          3          2          2          2