“CONSTRAINT”PostgreSQL 处或附近的语法错误

Question

我正在尝试创建一个新表并在下面的语句中不断收到syntax error at or near "CONSTRAINT"。我已经确定在我声明的最后一列之后有一个,，它位于 CONSTRAINT 行上方的Tags。有谁知道为什么会这样？所有声明约束的在线示例似乎都涉及 CREATE TABLE 语句，而不是 CREATE TABLE AS 语句。这有关系吗？感谢您的帮助！

顺便说一句，下面的约束行是从我已经创建的表中复制/粘贴的，该表使用了 CREATE TABLE 语句，而不是 CREATE TABLE AS 语句，这就是为什么我问约束是否不适用于 CREATE TABLE AS 语句。

CREATE TABLE "2017Projects" AS
SELECT
    "STAGING_PROJECTS"."_PROJECT_NUMBER", 
    "STAGING_PROJECTS"."_PROJECT_DESCRIPTION",
    "STAGING_PROJECTS"."_PROJECT_STATUS",
    "STAGING_PROJECTS"."_TEMPLATE_FLAG",
    "STAGING_PROJECTS"."_PROJECT_START_DATE",
    "STAGING_PROJECTS"."_PROJECT_COMPLETION_DATE",
    "STAGING_PROJECTS"."_COMPANY",
    "STAGING_PROJECTS"."_LOCATION_NUMBER",
    "STAGING_TASKS"."_PARENT_TASK_NUMBER",
    "STAGING_TASKS"."_PARENT_TASK_DESCRIPTION",
    "STAGING_TASKS"."_TASK_NUMBER",
    "STAGING_TASKS"."_TASK_DESCRIPTION",
    "STAGING_TASKS"."_TASK_START_DATE",
    "STAGING_TASKS"."_TASK_COMPLETION_DATE",
    "STAGING_TASKS"."_EBS_ACCOUNT",
    "STAGING_TASKS"."_FUSION_ACCOUNT",
    CASE
        WHEN left("STAGING_PROJECTS"."_PROJECT_NUMBER",2) = 'C0' THEN 
            '('||"STAGING_PROJECTS"."_PROJECT_NUMBER"||') '||"STAGING_PROJECTS"."_PROJECT_DESCRIPTION"
        ELSE
            "STAGING_PROJECTS"."_PROJECT_DESCRIPTION"
    END AS "Project",
    '('||"STAGING_TASKS"."_TASK_NUMBER"||') '||"STAGING_TASKS"."_TASK_DESCRIPTION" AS "Task",
    NULL AS "Investment_Priority",
    NULL AS "Class",
    NULL AS "Tags",

    --ERROR ON NEXT LINE HERE!!!
    CONSTRAINT "2017Projects_pk" PRIMARY KEY ("_PROJECT_NUMBER", "_TASK_NUMBER")
FROM
    "STAGING_PROJECTS";

Answer 1

您需要使用第二条语句添加约束：

CREATE TABLE "2017Projects" AS
SELECT
    "STAGING_PROJECTS"."_PROJECT_NUMBER", 
    ...,
    NULL AS "Tags"
FROM
    "STAGING_PROJECTS";

ALTER TABLE "2017Projects" ADD CONSTRAINT "2017Projects_pk"
    PRIMARY KEY ("_PROJECT_NUMBER", "_TASK_NUMBER")

CREATE TABLE 和 ALTER TABLE 语句应在单个事务中运行。

请查看this great Stack DBA article，@a_horse_with_no_name 作为贡献者。