从 Ruby 中的字符串中获取 UTF-8 字节

Question

我需要“对字符串的 UTF-8 字节执行 SHA1 散列”。我不确定如何取出 UTF-8 字节。这是我应该得到的示例：

original = "http://www.provider.com/article?query=mysearch&abcd&1300459467&our secret key"
#Perform the sha1 hashing on the UTF-8 bytes of this string, to get ... 
expected_hashed = "99802fec87b6ef1d45bd07f3053d13 6cfcfbdf0b"
#... which is a 160 byte fingerprint.
#You need to then take the 20 byte representation of this string (make sure you're 
#not just taking the hex string), and base 64 encode that.
expected_encoded = "mYAv7Ie27x1FvQfzBT0TbPz73ws="

从 original 到 expected_hashed 这给了我一个问题：我不知道如何取出 UTF-8 字节。我正在像Digest::SHA1.digest(unhashed_string) 一样进行SHA1 散列，我也不是100% 确定这在这种情况下是否合适。 :/ 我也不确定“这个字符串的 20 字节表示”是什么。

Answer 1

require 'digest'
require 'base64'
Base64.encode64(Digest::SHA1.digest(original)[0,20])
# => "mYAv7Ie27x1FvQfzBT0TbPz73ws=\n"