utf-8列表和utf-8字符串的python交集答案

【问题标题】：python intersection of utf-8 list and utf-8 stringutf-8列表和utf-8字符串的python交集
【发布时间】：2015-06-02 12:58:01
【问题描述】：

当我使用带有ASCII 字母和ASCII 字符串的列表时，我使此代码工作，但我无法使这个工作。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
asa = ["ā","ē","ī","ō","ū","ǖ","Ā","Ē","Ī","Ō","Ū","Ǖ",
"á","é","í","ó","ú","ǘ","Á","É","Í","Ó","Ú","Ǘ",
"ǎ","ě","ǐ","ǒ","ǔ","ǚ","Ǎ","Ě","Ǐ","Ǒ","Ǔ","Ǚ",
"à","è","ì","ò","ù","ǜ","À","È","Ì","Ò","Ù","Ǜ"]
[x.decode('utf-8') for x in asa]
print list(set(asa) & set("ō"))

【问题讨论】：

标签： python utf-8 ascii intersection

【解决方案1】：

您需要将您的字符放在一个列表中，因为字符串是可迭代的对象，而您的 unicode 字符包含 2 字节字符串，因此 python 假定“ō”为 \xc5 和 \x8d。：

>>> list("ō")
['\xc5', '\x8d']
>>> print list(set(asa) & set(["ō"]))
['\xc5\x8d']
>>> print list(set(asa) & set(["ō"]))[0]
ō

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

您的第一个集合包含"ō".decode('utf-8')（类型unicode）形式的元素，相当于u"ō"。

第二组包含像"ō"（类型str）这样的字节字符串，所以它们比较不相等，你也没有交集。

冥想：

>>> 'a' == u'a'
True
>>> 'ō' == u'ō'
__main__:1: UnicodeWarning: Unicode equal comparison failed to convert both arguments to Unicode - interpreting them as being unequal
False
>>> list('ō')
['\xc5', '\x8d']
>>> list(u'ō')
[u'\u014d']

【讨论】：