TypeError: Unicode-objects must be encrypted before hashing 有什么问题？答案

【问题标题】：TypeError: Unicode-objects must be encoded before hashing What is wrong?TypeError: Unicode-objects must be encrypted before hashing 有什么问题？
【发布时间】：2018-03-26 10:08:52
【问题描述】：

我收到一个错误，TypeError：Unicode 对象必须在散列之前进行编码。我写了代码，

        user = Data()
        passwd = request.data['password']

        md5 = hashlib.md5()
        md5.update(passwd)

        user.password = md5.hexdigest()
        print(user.password)

        user.save()

追溯　说

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 35, in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 128, in _get_response
    response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 126, in _get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/views/decorators/csrf.py", line 54, in wrapped_view
    return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/viewsets.py", line 95, in view
    return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 494, in dispatch
    response = self.handle_exception(exc)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 454, in handle_exception
    self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rest_framework/views.py", line 491, in dispatch
    response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/opt/project/app/views.py", line 27, in create
    md5.update(passwd)

我在代码顶部添加了#coding:utf-8，但发生了同样的错误。我的代码有什么问题？我应该如何解决这个问题？

【问题讨论】：

相关：stackoverflow.com/questions/7585307/…，stackoverflow.com/questions/27519306/…。请注意，# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 定义了源文件的编码，并且是 redundant in Python 3，因为它默认为 utf-8。
使用 md5 作为密码哈希算法可能是个坏主意。查看此问题了解详情：security.stackexchange.com/questions/19906/…

标签： python django

【解决方案1】：

错误告诉你需要做什么：将密码编码为字节串。

md5.update(passwd.encode('utf-8'))

请注意，尽管您可能根本不应该这样做；如果要使用用户的密码，请使用 User 模型的 set_password() 方法。

（请不要在脚本中随机添加编码声明；这只会影响文件中的文字字符。）

【讨论】：