Excel VBA：打开 UTF-16 XML

Question

我目前正在努力在 Excel 中使用 VBA 打开一个 utf-16 编码的 XML 文件。

我当前的名为 EntireFile 的字符串变量当前开始如下：

ÿþ<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<Test xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> 

如您所见，开头的某些字符似乎不正确。

我通过以下方式获取字符串变量：

Open PathToFile For Input As #1
    Do Until EOF(1)
              Line Input #1, textline
              EntireFile = EntireFile & textline

根据 Notepad++，文件是用 UCS-2 Little Endian 格式化的，但是通过互联网快速搜索发现这是 Microsoft 等价于 UTF-16？

我尝试了仅删除前两个字符的蛮力方法，但留下一个空字符串。

所有的谷歌结果都包括保存没有 BOM 的 XML 文件，但这与我正在寻找的相反。

已经感谢您的宝贵时间

Answer 1

您可以使用 Win32 API 函数来转换编码。

Private Declare Function WideCharToMultiByte Lib "kernel32.dll" ( _
                         ByVal CodePage As Long, _
                         ByVal dwFlags As Long, _
                         ByVal lpWideCharStr As Long, _
                         ByVal cchWideChar As Long, _
                         ByVal lpMultiByteStr As Long, _
                         ByVal cbMultiByte As Long, _
                         ByVal lpDefaultChar As Long, _
                         ByVal lpUsedDefaultChar As Long) As Long

Private Declare Function MultiByteToWideChar Lib "kernel32.dll" ( _
                         ByVal CodePage As Long, _
                         ByVal dwFlags As Long, _
                         ByVal lpMultiByteStr As Long, _
                         ByVal cbMultiByte As Long, _
                         ByVal lpWideCharStr As Long, _
                         ByVal cchWideChar As Long) As Long

Private Const CP_UTF16 As Long = 1200&

Private Function ConvertToUTF16(ByRef Source As String) As Byte()

    Dim Length As Long
    Dim Pointer As Long
    Dim Size As Long
    Dim Buffer() As Byte

    Length = Len(Source)
    Pointer = StrPtr(Source)
    Size = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF16, 0, Pointer, Length, 0, 0, 0, 0)
    ReDim Buffer(0 To Size - 1)

    WideCharToMultiByte CP_UTF16, 0, Pointer, Length, VarPtr(Buffer(0)), _
        Size, 0, 0

    ConvertToUTF16 = Buffer

End Function

Private Function ConvertFromUTF16(ByRef Source() As Byte) As String

    Dim Size As Long
    Dim Pointer As Long
    Dim Length As Long
    Dim Buffer As String

    Size = UBound(Source) - LBound(Source) + 1
    Pointer = VarPtr(Source(LBound(Source)))
    Length = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF16, 0, Pointer, Size, 0, 0)
    Buffer = Space$(Length)
    MultiByteToWideChar CP_UTF16, 0, Pointer, Size, StrPtr(Buffer), Length
    ConvertFromUTF16 = Buffer

End Function

Private Const CP_UTF16 As Long = 1200& 表示代码页 1200，即 UTF-16 little andian。

你可以在这里看到所有代码页的列表https://msdn.microsoft.com/de-de/library/windows/desktop/dd317756(v=vs.85).aspx