如何在awk中解析没有两个空白字段的csv文件？

Question

csv结构如下。

"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",          

csv 文件中有四个字段。
第一个：field1
第二个：field2
第三个：field3,with,commas
第四：field4

这是我的 awk 正则表达式。

 '^"|","|",$' 

debian8@hwy:~$ echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' |awk -F '^"|","|",$' '{print NF}'
6
debian8@hwy:~$ echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' |awk -F '^"|","|",$' '{print $1}'

debian8@hwy:~$ echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' |awk -F '^"|","|",$' '{print $2}'
field1
debian8@hwy:~$ echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' |awk -F '^"|","|",$' '{print $3}'
field2
debian8@hwy:~$ echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' |awk -F '^"|","|",$' '{print $4}'
field3,with,commas
debian8@hwy:~$ echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' |awk -F '^"|","|",$' '{print $5}'
field4
debian8@hwy:~$ echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' |awk -F '^"|","|",$' '{print $6}'

我的正则表达式 '^"|","|",$' 中还有两个问题。

1.4 个字段被 '^"|","|",$' 解析为 6 个字段。
2.$1和$6被解析成空白。

如何编写正则表达式格式来制作：

echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' |awk -F format '{print NF}'
4
debian8@hwy:~$ echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' |awk -F  format '{print $1}'
field1
debian8@hwy:~$ echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' |awk -F format '{print $2}'
field2
debian8@hwy:~$ echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' |awk -F foramt '{print $3}'
field3,with,commas
debian8@hwy:~$ echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' |awk -F format '{print $4}'
field4

Answer 1

解决方法是将FS 设置为"," 并使用gsub 删除每条记录开头和结尾的字符：

echo '"field1","field2","field3,with,commas","field4",' | awk -v FS='","' '{gsub(/^"|",$/, ""); print NF, $1, $2, $3, $4}'
4 field1 field2 field3,with,commas field4

Answer 2

我认为FPAT 变量可能是您想要的。查看文档和示例in the Users Guide