运行 pipenv，mkdocs 时出错：/usr/local/opt/python/bin/python2.7：错误的解释器：没有这样的文件或目录答案

【问题标题】：Error running pipenv, mkdocs : /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python2.7: bad interpreter: No such file or directory运行 pipenv，mkdocs 时出错：/usr/local/opt/python/bin/python2.7：错误的解释器：没有这样的文件或目录
【发布时间】：2020-05-03 12:50:47
【问题描述】：

尝试在 Mac 上运行 pipenv 和 mkdocs 时出现错误：

bash: /usr/local/bin/pipenv: /usr/local/opt/python@2/bin/python2.7: 错误的解释器：没有这样的文件或目录

$ pipenv
bash: /usr/local/bin/pipenv: /usr/local/opt/python@2/bin/python2.7: bad interpreter: No such file or directory
$ mkdocs
bash: /usr/local/bin/mkdocs: /usr/local/opt/python@2/bin/python2.7: bad interpreter: No such file or directory
$

一些额外的信息，如果它有用的话，命令python链接到我认为是Mac上提供的默认python安装：

$ which python
/usr/local/bin/python
$ ls -l $(which python)
lrwxr-xr-x 1 jamiet admin 15 Nov 12 12:58 /usr/local/bin/python -> /usr/bin/python
$ which python3
/usr/local/bin/python3
$ ls -l $(which python3)
lrwxr-xr-x 1 jamiet admin 34 May  2  2019 /usr/local/bin/python3 -> ../Cellar/python/3.7.3/bin/python3
$ python --version
Python 2.7.10

这可能有用也可能没用。

我发现了一个有用的线程，其中有人遇到了类似的问题：pip installation /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python2.7: bad interpreter: No such file or directory，我已经遵循了那里的一些建议：

brew 链接 --overwrite python

我曾使用 home-brew 在 OS X 10.10 上安装 2.7，但新安装缺少符号链接。我跑了
酿造链接--覆盖python
如如何在 Homebrew 中对 python 进行符号链接中所述？它解决了这个问题。

我相信python2最初是使用自制软件安装在这台机器上的，所以我尝试了，但没有运气：

$ brew link --overwrite python
Warning: Already linked: /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.3
To relink: brew unlink python && brew link python

我还没有（还）尝试过那里的建议 (brew unlink python && brew link python)，因为我想尝试其他一些事情并先从这里获得一些建议

符号链接到正确的位置

试图在pipenv/mkdocs 期待它的位置创建指向我已知的python2解释器的符号链接，但它没有工作：

$ /usr/local/bin/python --version
Python 2.7.10
$ ln -s /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/opt/python@2/bin/python2.7
ln: failed to create symbolic link '/usr/local/opt/python@2/bin/python2.7': No such file or directory

请注意，如果我尝试稍微不同的命令（即只是不同的路径），那么命令会成功且不会出错：

$ ln -s /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python2.7
$ ls -l /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python2.7
lrwxr-xr-x 1 jamiet admin 21 Jan 16 16:06 /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python2.7 -> /usr/local/bin/python

但这对我没有帮助，因为pipenv/mkdocs 期望解释器位于 /usr/local/opt/python@2/bin/python2.7 所以我删除了符号链接

$ rm /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python2.7

任何人都可以提出前进的道路吗？

【问题讨论】：

标签： python linux

【解决方案1】：

啊，我想我已经设法解决了这个问题：https://stackoverflow.com/a/54890849/201657 建议 brew install python@2。它还需要我安装一些 xcode 工具 (xcode-select --install)：

$ brew install python@2
Error: Xcode alone is not sufficient on Mojave.
Install the Command Line Tools:
  xcode-select --install

$ xcode-select --install
xcode-select: note: install requested for command line developer tools
$ brew install python@2
Updating Homebrew...
==> Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate formulae and cask analytics.
Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:
  https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics

==> Auto-updated Homebrew!
Updated 4 taps (moul/moul, homebrew/core, homebrew/cask and wagoodman/dive).
==> New Formulae
<snip>
==> Updated Formulae
<snip>
==> Renamed Formulae
<snip>
==> Deleted Formulae
<snip>

==> Installing dependencies for python@2: openssl@1.1, readline and sqlite
==> Installing python@2 dependency: openssl@1.1
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/openssl@1.1-1.1.1d.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/10/104ef018b7bb8fcc49f57e5a60359a28a02d480d85a959e6141394b0571cbb28?__gda__=exp=1579192531~hmac=4e0f24e7c23ef0b179b24e636e0648cf5ddacf1ba593c1eafb99df4abff27dd6&response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilename%3D%22openssl%401.1-1.1.1d.mojave.bottle.tar.gz%22&response-content-type=application%2Fgzip&requestInfo=U2FsdGVkX18FOL-sNoEItw923wfVaX0khFxEm_orjuu2BfyA4I5hITIsrm0IlATZztPdR
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring openssl@1.1-1.1.1d.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
A CA file has been bootstrapped using certificates from the system
keychain. To add additional certificates, place .pem files in
  /usr/local/etc/openssl@1.1/certs

and run
  /usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/bin/c_rehash

openssl@1.1 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because openssl/libressl is provided by macOS so don't link an incompatible version.

If you need to have openssl@1.1 first in your PATH run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

For compilers to find openssl@1.1 you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include"

For pkg-config to find openssl@1.1 you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/lib/pkgconfig"

==> Summary
?  /usr/local/Cellar/openssl@1.1/1.1.1d: 7,983 files, 17.9MB
==> Installing python@2 dependency: readline
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/readline-8.0.1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/3c/3c754391e9d243835811d128771ca0f1a565024100fd2c2871534353d46aaf0e?__gda__=exp=1579192567~hmac=484004e95b8e8bf6a1a3c3b93f2c499fedbc4aabefe7c7e69c441339c3576bc0&response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilename%3D%22readline-8.0.1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz%22&response-content-type=application%2Fgzip&requestInfo=U2FsdGVkX1-hB-7PyMBj4HiD3a21IEi6emuN13p6QaZTYdofdpr8PsmH2Wu3ZUE_qPFlc_K8yES
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring readline-8.0.1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
readline is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides the BSD libedit library, which shadows libreadline.
In order to prevent conflicts when programs look for libreadline we are
defaulting this GNU Readline installation to keg-only.

For compilers to find readline you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/readline/include"

For pkg-config to find readline you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/readline/lib/pkgconfig"

==> Summary
?  /usr/local/Cellar/readline/8.0.1: 48 files, 1.5MB
==> Installing python@2 dependency: sqlite
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/sqlite-3.30.1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/5e/5e6fef2d754e0e4009d502c40ad1846ac46937886b5f3fe89378cb838626d95e?__gda__=exp=1579192572~hmac=a81364a3c7b176d89dceef369d52565faaafb7649a71270cbac0fe60cbc9c96e&response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilename%3D%22sqlite-3.30.1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz%22&response-content-type=application%2Fgzip&requestInfo=U2FsdGVkX1-c1S7wGXdJ_YZOPQaAbF12828yGxEYI4O4kHrFKyZT3yZn8p83BUHd5zcz957N2-IJ
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring sqlite-3.30.1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
sqlite is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides an older sqlite3.

If you need to have sqlite first in your PATH run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/sqlite/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

For compilers to find sqlite you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include"

For pkg-config to find sqlite you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib/pkgconfig"

==> Summary
?  /usr/local/Cellar/sqlite/3.30.1: 11 files, 3.9MB
==> Installing python@2
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/python@2-2.7.17_1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/54/54d3351d6be8268b2f5017894dcc8e083811dfa3812bdb9f79f989873b9a4542?__gda__=exp=1579192578~hmac=f79ee8bb690769cea6f7025f7266480dad73194bed15f36c005de20cd6cd38af&response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilename%3D%22python%402-2.7.17_1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz%22&response-content-type=application%2Fgzip&requestInfo=U2FsdGVkX18s65QivKoSQBP1QqsYGwHQyWAZXRxW-td799ewahemF_jTRodQsHVZ2ko4PZ
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring python@2-2.7.17_1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
Error: The `brew link` step did not complete successfully
The formula built, but is not symlinked into /usr/local
Could not symlink bin/python
Target /usr/local/bin/python
already exists. You may want to remove it:
  rm '/usr/local/bin/python'

To force the link and overwrite all conflicting files:
  brew link --overwrite python@2

To list all files that would be deleted:
  brew link --overwrite --dry-run python@2

Possible conflicting files are:
/usr/local/bin/python -> /usr/bin/python
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python@2/2.7.17_1/bin/python -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --single-version-externally-managed --record=installed.txt --install-scripts=/usr/local/Cellar/python@2/2.7.17_1/bin --install-lib=/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python@2/2.7.17_1/bin/python -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --single-version-externally-managed --record=installed.txt --install-scripts=/usr/local/Cellar/python@2/2.7.17_1/bin --install-lib=/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python@2/2.7.17_1/bin/python -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --single-version-externally-managed --record=installed.txt --install-scripts=/usr/local/Cellar/python@2/2.7.17_1/bin --install-lib=/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages
==> Caveats
Pip and setuptools have been installed. To update them
  pip install --upgrade pip setuptools

You can install Python packages with
  pip install <package>

They will install into the site-package directory
  /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages

See: https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-and-Python
==> Summary
?  /usr/local/Cellar/python@2/2.7.17_1: 3,810 files, 51.3MB
==> Caveats
==> openssl@1.1
A CA file has been bootstrapped using certificates from the system
keychain. To add additional certificates, place .pem files in
  /usr/local/etc/openssl@1.1/certs

and run
  /usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/bin/c_rehash

openssl@1.1 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because openssl/libressl is provided by macOS so don't link an incompatible version.

If you need to have openssl@1.1 first in your PATH run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

For compilers to find openssl@1.1 you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include"

For pkg-config to find openssl@1.1 you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/lib/pkgconfig"

==> readline
readline is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides the BSD libedit library, which shadows libreadline.
In order to prevent conflicts when programs look for libreadline we are
defaulting this GNU Readline installation to keg-only.

For compilers to find readline you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/readline/include"

For pkg-config to find readline you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/readline/lib/pkgconfig"

==> sqlite
sqlite is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides an older sqlite3.

If you need to have sqlite first in your PATH run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/sqlite/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

For compilers to find sqlite you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include"

For pkg-config to find sqlite you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib/pkgconfig"

==> python@2
Pip and setuptools have been installed. To update them
  pip install --upgrade pip setuptools

You can install Python packages with
  pip install <package>

They will install into the site-package directory
  /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages

See: https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-and-Python

现在……

$ /usr/local/opt/python@2/bin/python2.7
Python 2.7.17 (default, Dec 23 2019, 21:25:34) 
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 11.0.0 (clang-1100.0.33.16)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()
$ ls -l /usr/local/opt/python@2/bin/python2.7
lrwxr-xr-x 1 jamiet DHDOM1\Domain Users 57 Oct 19 19:58 /usr/local/opt/python@2/bin/python2.7 -> ../Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7
$ pipenv
Usage: pipenv [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...
$ mkdocs
Usage: mkdocs [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...

是的！

【讨论】：