MySQL - 内部连接 ​​- 添加具有基于其他值的值的列

Question

我正在为 mysql 连接而苦苦挣扎：/

我在数据库 fe 中有多个表。 任务、用户等

表 tasks 包含具有各种变量的任务，但最重要的是 - 签署任务的用户 ID（作为任务中的不同角色 - 作者、图形、校正者）：

+---------+-------------+--------------+
| task_id | task_author | task_graphic |
+---------+-------------+--------------+
| 444     | 1           | 2            |
+---------+-------------+--------------+

表用户

+---------+----------------+------------+-----------+
| user_id | user_nice_name | user_login | user_role |
+---------+----------------+------------+-----------+
| 1       | Nice Name #1   | login1     | 0         |
+---------+----------------+------------+-----------+
| 2       | Bad Name #2    | login2     | 1         |
+---------+----------------+------------+-----------+

使用 PDO 我得到了我想要的全部数据，同时将 INNER JOIN 与来自不同表（和 $_GET 变量）的数据一起使用

SELECT tasks.*, types.types_name, warehouse.warehouse_id, warehouse.warehouse_code, warehouse.warehouse_description
FROM tasks
INNER JOIN types ON types.types_id = tasks.task_id
INNER JOIN warehouse ON warehouse.warehouse_id = tasks.task_id
WHERE tasks.task_id = '".$get_id."'
ORDER BY tasks.task_id

以上查询返回：

+---------+--------------+--------------+----------------+------------+-----------+------------------+------------------------+------------+-------------+-----------------+-----------+----------------+--------------------+---------------------+-----------+---------------------+------------------+---------------------+
| task_id | task_creator | task_graphic | task_purchaser | task_title | task_lang | task_description | task_description_files | task_files | task_status | task_prod_index | task_type | task_print_run | task_print_company | task_warehouse_code | task_cost | task_time_added     | task_deadline    | task_date_warehouse |
+---------+--------------+--------------+----------------+------------+-----------+------------------+------------------------+------------+-------------+-----------------+-----------+----------------+--------------------+---------------------+-----------+---------------------+------------------+---------------------+
| 2       | 1            | 2            | 1              | Test       | PL        | Lorem ipsum (?)  |                        |            | w           | 2222            | 3         | 456546         | Firma XYZ          | 2                   | 124       | 29.09.2016 15:48:20 | 01.10.2016 12:00 | 07.10.2016 14:00    |
+---------+--------------+--------------+----------------+------------+-----------+------------------+------------------------+------------+-------------+-----------------+-----------+----------------+--------------------+---------------------+-----------+---------------------+------------------+---------------------+

我想在 task_creator、task_author 和 task_graphic 之后添加 user_nice_name 进行查询 - 显然是根据上面 3 个字段 fe 中提供的 ID 从表 users 中选择的好名称。

+---------+--------------+------------------------------------+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| task_id | task_creator | task_creator_nn                    | task_graphic | task_graphic                         |
+---------+--------------+------------------------------------+--------------+--------------------------------------+
| 2       | 1            | Nice Name (from task_creator ID=1) | 2            | Nice Name (from task_graphic ID = 2) |
+---------+--------------+------------------------------------+--------------+--------------------------------------+

我怎样才能做到这一点？

Answer 1

你需要三个连接：

SELECT t.*,
       uc.user_nice_name as creator_name,
       ug.user_nice_name as graphic_name,
       up.user_nice_name as purchaser_name,
       ty.types_name, w.warehouse_id, w.warehouse_code, w.warehouse_description
FROM tasks t INNER JOIN
     types ty
     ON ty.types_id = t.task_id INNER JOIN
     warehouse w
     ON w.warehouse_id = t.task_id LEFT JOIN
     users uc
     ON uc.user_id = t.task_creator LEFT JOIN
     users ug
     ON ug.user_id = t.task_graphic LEFT JOIN
     users up
     ON up.user_id = t.task_purchaser
WHERE t.task_id = '".$get_id."'
ORDER BY t.task_id;

注意事项：

• 表别名使查询更易于编写和阅读。它们也是必需的，因为您在 FROM 子句中有三个对 users 的引用。
• 这会将LEFT JOIN 用于users，以防某些参考值丢失。
• 您需要进行命名。 “仓库” id 与“任务” id 匹配是没有意义的。或者“任务”ID 与“类型”ID 匹配。但这就是您在问题中表达查询的方式。
• ORDER BY 实际上什么都不做，因为所有行都有相同的task_id。

Answer 2

假设task_graphic_name在一个表名task_graphic_table里面，关系字段是task_graphic_id

SELECT tasks.*
      , types.types_name
      , warehouse.warehouse_id
      , warehouse.warehouse_code
      , warehouse.warehouse_description
      , users.user_nice_name
FROM tasks
INNER JOIN types ON types.types_id = tasks.task_id
INNER JOIN warehouse ON warehouse.warehouse_id = tasks.task_id
INNER JOIN users ON users.user_nice_name = tasks.task_graphic
WHERE tasks.task_id = '".$get_id."'
ORDER BY tasks.task_id

如果您需要列按特定顺序出现，您应该按顺序显式调用列名，例如：

SELECT tasks.col1
      , task.col2
      , types.types_name
      , warehouse.warehouse_id
      , warehouse.warehouse_code
      , task.col2
      , warehouse.warehouse_description
      , task_graphic_table.task_graphic_name

Answer 3

在您的查询中添加两个子查询。喜欢

 SELECT tasks.*,
....
....,
(select user_nice_name from users where id = tasks.task_author) AS task_creator_name,
(select user_nice_name from users where id = tasks.task_graphic) AS task_graphic_name
FROM tasks
INNER JOIN types ON types.types_id = tasks.task_id
....
....